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1、dare 的两种用法Dare的意思是 宥勇气做某事，它也有两种用法:dare 作实义动词* as an ordinary verb followed by an infinitive with to, with s in the third person singular and with questions and negatives formed with do:作为实义动t时，接带to的不定式，第三人称单数作主语时加s,疑问旬和否认句用do 来构成：He never dares to criticise her for wasting money and she doesnt dare
2、to interrupt him when hes working.他从不敢批评她浪费钱，而她不敢打搅他工作。dare 作情态动词作为情态助动t时，接不带to的不定式，第三人称单数作主语时不加s,疑问句和否认句不需要用do 来构成：Dare she tell him what she thinks about him? She darent say anything. He will only shout at her. How dare you speak to me like that? he will say.她敢告诉他她对他的想法吗？她什么也不敢说。他只会对着她咆哮：“你怎敢那样对我说
3、话？他肯定会这么说。比拟Differences in use are not as fixed or clear cut between doesnt dare to and darent as they are between doesnt need to and neednt, except in expressions or collocations such as:doesnt dare tof darent在用法上的差异不像 doesnt need toF口 neednt那么固 定或清晰，除了在以下这些表达和搭配中：* How dare you? 你怎么敢？eg: How dare
4、you walk away when Im talking to you? 我在跟你说话的时 候你怎么敢走开？* I dare you to我谅你不敢 I dare you to go up to him and ask him for a date. 我谅你也不敢走到他面前 请他跟你约会。* I dare say我敢说I dare say youre pretty hungry after all that cycling. 我敢说你骑了那么久后 肯定饿死了。In this last example, I dare say means I suppose. 最后例中的 I dare say的
5、 意思是I suppose,我料想。情态动词如何表猜想情态动词用于肯定猜想1. must用于肯定句，表示较有把握的推测，意为 准是，一定。后面接动词原形，表示对现在的推测。如：-Ive had no sleep for 48 hours. 我已经48 小时没睡觉了。-You must be very tired. 你一定很累了。2. should用于肯定句中，语气次之，意为很可能，应该，指按常理推测。如：They left yesterday. They should be home by now他们昨天就离开了,现在该 到家了。3. can用在肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性。如：Smoking
6、 can cause cancer吸烟有可能弓I起癌症。4. may用在肯定句中，表示对现在把握不大的推测，意为 也许，可能。如:Dont play with the knife. You may cut yourself. 不要玩小刀，你可能会伤了自己。5. could, might 也可表示推测意义，常用在过去时态中；但在某些场合下，为了使语气更缓和、更委婉，常用 could, might代替can, may。如：They saw something in the sky last night. It could/might be a UFO. 昨天晚上他 们看见天空中有个东西。它有可能是
7、不明飞行物。You may/might/could be very tired. 你可能很累吧！情态动词用于否认猜想1 .表示否认的推测时，cant/couldnt语气最强，指不可能，带有惊异、怀 疑的感情色彩。如：The story sounds reasonable, but it cant be true 个故事听起来合情合理， 但 不可能是真的。2 .语气不很肯定时，常用 may not或might not表否认推测，意为 何能不， 也许不 。如：He may not/might not be at home. 他可能不在家。情态动词用于疑问句表猜想疑问句中的才t测，常用can或cou
8、ld,意为 可能。如：Who can it be? Can it be Jenny?JB会是谁呢？是珍妮吗？The money has disappeared! Who could have taken 让?i不见了 ！ 会是谁拿去 的呢？Oh, how could you be so stupid?哦，你怎么会这么愚蠢呢can have doneffl 法小结can have done 通常只用于否认句和疑问句。用于否认句时表否认推断，推测肯定没做；用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗，表示疑心。例如：Can he have done such a foolis thing? = Is it p
9、ossible他没做这样的傻事吗？表疑心He cant have taken it home. 他不可能把它带回家了。表不可能could have donecould have done可用于肯定句、疑问旬和否认句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、 遗憾或委婉批评之意，也可以表示对过去动作的推测；用于否认句和疑问旬的情况与 can have donefc同。例如：You could have done better, but you didnt try your best. 你本可以做得更好，但是你没有尽力而为。表惋惜This glass is cracked. Someon
10、e could have dropped it. 这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。表推测过去Could he have left the work unfinished? 他会丢下工作不干了？表疑心He couldnt have checked out so early. 他不可能这么早就离开了。表不可能注意：cant have done的语气比 couldnt have done要强一些。例如：He cant have been to that town. 他根本不可能去过那座城市。语气略强The measurement couldnt have been wrong.测量不可能出错
11、了吧。语气稍弱may have done用法小结may/might have done 推测过去“may/migt+动词的完成式表示对过去发生的行为的推测。例如：-Whatever has happened to George?-乔治发生了什么事？-I dont know. He may have got lost. -我不知道，他可能迷路了。You might have read about it in the papers. 你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。之前我们做过can have done用法小结，can have done表推测时都是对过去进 行推恻，M是may have done
12、不仅可以唯沏过上may/might have done 推测现在“may/might动词的完成式表示对现在情况的推测。例如：She might have got up now. 现在她可能已经起床了。may/might have done 预测未来“may/might动词的完成式表示推测将来某时之前的情况。例如：He may have left when you get there. 等你到达的时候他可能已经离开了。注意： may have done 和might have done 表推测时，might 所表示的可能性比 may 小，语气较委婉：How quickly time passed
13、! It might have happened yesterday. 时间过得好快啊！这事好似就发生在昨天。情。He might have seen the surprise in my face. 他或许已经看到了我惊异的表might have done 表轻微责备might have done 除了能够表推测，还能表示过去本来可以做而实际并没有做。这时带有轻微的责备之意。例如：The proposal might have been refused. 这个建议本该拒绝的。 有轻微的责备之意I might have taken another path. 我本可以走另一条路。may not
14、/mightnt have done 表 “可能不 之 前 我 们 讲 到 过 cant/couldnt have done 是 表 示 “ 不 可 能 ， 而 may not/mightnt have done 那么是表示“可能不 ，要注意区分哦：He cant have been at the meeting, hes on a business trip this week. 他不可能有出席会议，他这周出公差。We couldnt have done it without you. 没有你我们肯定完成不了。They may not have known it beforehand. 他们
15、事先可能不知道这事儿。They mightnt have regarded me as their friend. 他们可能没有把我当作朋友看待。如何表达本来该做某事？should have done“ should have +动词的完成式表示本应该做而实际上没有做，它的否认形式表示某种行为本不该发生但却发生了。有责备的意味。You should have started earlier, but you didnt. 你本应该早点儿出发，但是你没有。You should have washed the wound. 你应该已经洗好了伤口。She shouldnt have taken away my dictionary, for I wanted to use it. 她本不应 该拿走我的词典，因为我要用它。You shouldnt have been so rude to him. 你本不应该对他那么粗鲁。注： “ should have +完成式虽然可以表猜想，但因为会
