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1、2022年考博英语-吉林大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题It is a common theme of many science fiction stories that the world may one day be （ ）by beings from the outer space.问题1选项A.run overB.filled inC.taken overD.broken in【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。run over “辗过；溢出”；fill in “填写；填充；替代”；take over “接管；接收”；broke in “打断；闯入”。句意：科幻
2、小说共有的一个主题是总有一天世界可能被外星人接管。选项C符合题意。2. 单选题For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking multivitamins does is give them extensive urine (尿).After all, true vitamin deficiencies are practically unheard of in industrialized countries. Now it seems that those doctors may have been w
3、rong. The results of a growing number of studies suggest that even a modest vitamin shortfall can be harmful to your health. Although proof of the benefits of multivitamins is still far from certain, the few dollars you spend on them is probably a good investment.Or at least thats the argument put f
4、orward in the New England Journal of Medicine. Ideally, said Dr. Walter Willett and Dr. Meir Stampfer of Harvard, all vitamin supplements would be evaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical trials. But those studies can take a long time and often raise more questions than they answer. At some poi
5、nt, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost.The best evidence to date concerns folate （叶酸）,one of the B vitamins. Its been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos （胚胎）,and a recent trial found that fola
6、te in combination with vitamin B12 and a form of B6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair.The news on vitamin E has been more mixed. Healthy folks who take 400 international units daily for at least two years appear somewhat less likely to develop heart disease. But when d
7、octors give vitamin E to patients who already have heart disease, the vitamin doesnt seem to help. It may turn out that vitamin E plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage.Despite vitamin Cs great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still has not been positively linked to any g
8、reat benefit. The body quickly becomes saturated with C and simply excretes （排泄）any excess.The multivitamins question boils down to this： Do you need to wait until all the evidence is in before you take them, or are you willing to accept that theres enough evidence that they dont hurt and could help
9、?If the latter, theres no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse pills or the most expensive bottles. Large doses can cause trouble, including excessive bleeding and nervous system problems.Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course. As long as you understa
10、nd that any potential benefit is modest and subject to further refinement, taking a daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense.1.At one time doctors discouraged taking multivitamins because they believed that multivitamins2.According to the author, clinical trials of vitamin supplements （ ）3.It has bee
11、n found that vitamin E（ ） .4.It can be seen that large doses of multivitamins （ ）.5.The author concludes the passage with the advice that（ ） .问题1选项A.could not easily be absorbed by the human bodyB.were potentially harmful to peoples healthC.were too expensive for daily consumptionD.could not provide
12、 any cure for vitamin deficiencies问题2选项A.often result in misleading conclusionsB.take time and will not produce conclusive resultsC.should be conducted by scientists on a larger scaleD.appear to be a sheer waste of time and resources问题3选项A.should be taken by patients regularly and persistentlyB.can
13、effectively reduce the recurrence of heart diseaseC.has a preventive but not curative effect on heart diseaseD.should be given to patients with heart disease as early as possible问题4选项A.may bring about serious side effectsB.may help prevent excessive bleedingC.are likely to induce the blockage of art
14、eriesD.are advisable for those with vitamin deficiencies问题5选项A.the benefit of daily multivitamin intake outweighs that of exercise and a balanced dietB.its risky to take multivitamins without knowing their specific functionC.the potential benefit of multivitamins can never be overestimatedD.its reas
15、onable to take a rational dose of multivitamins daily【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.文章开篇第一句话For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking multivitamins does is give them extensive urine. 很多年来，医生告诫他们的病人服用复合维生素只会导致他们多尿。由此可知，对于医生来说，维生素很难被吸收，都会通过尿液排出。选项A符合题意。2.文章第二段第二句话提到所有的维他命供应都会在实验的基础上进行科学的评估。接下来第三句话“但是这些研究需要花费大量时间，并且会提出更多的问题”。选项B符合题意。3.文章第四段“It may turn out that vitamin E plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage ”（维他命E被证明可以预防但是对已经严重的病没有效果。）选项C符合题意。4.文章倒数第二段最后一句话提到吃过量的维他命会造成一些问题，比如血流不止和神经系统方面的问题。选项A中的serious side effects
