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1、状语从句状语从句(Adverbial Clause)状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。 它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原 因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导， 也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗 号隔开。1种类2时态特点3讲解练习4相关例句4.1时间状语从句4.2地点状语从句4.3原因状语从句4.4目的状语从句4.5结果状语从句4.6条件状语从句4.7让步状语从句4.8比较状语从句4.9方式状语从句4.10状语从句的简化4.11连词+形容词4.1
2、2连词+名词4.13连词+现在分词4.14连词+过去分词4.15连词+不定式4.16连词+介词短语种类1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 目的状语从句6. 让步状语从句7. 比较状语从句8. 方式状语从句9结果状语从句2时态特点一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来 时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。例如：I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我到北京就将给你打电话。（这是由assoon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示
3、一般将来时 绝不可用will arrive）As soon as I have finished this work, I will have gone home.我一完成此工作，就回 家。（从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时，绝不可用will have fini shed）If he comes back, please let me know如果他回来了，请通知我。（从句中的谓语动词 用comes back，表示一般将来时，绝不可用 will come back）讲解练习状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分 词和从句
4、等担当。例如：1. Naturally , our gra ndpare nts were pleased to get our phone call .畐 U词）（当然，我们的祖父母乐于接到我们的电话）2. We worked hard , from sun rise to sun set .（介词状短语）（我们工作得很努力，从日出到日落。）3. To help my disabled aunt ,1 spe nd an hour work ing in her house every day .不定 式）（为了帮助我残疾的阿姨，我每天花一小时在她的房子里。）4. Seen from a d
5、ista nee , the farmhouse looked deserted .过去分词）（从远处看，农舍显得空荡荡。）5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句）（我知道如何点燃篝火，因为我曾经做过。）状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和 副词时必须后置。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、 原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构 和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难
6、。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用 连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下：4相关例句时间状语从句常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until特殊弓丨导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day , the instant（瞬间，顷刻）immediately , directly （不久，立即），no sooner than （就）， hardly when （刚一.就）,scarcelywhen （几乎没有的时候
7、）I didn t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.直到我成为了一个成年人我才意识到我的母亲是多么的特殊。While Joh n was watch ing TV, his wife was cook ing.当约翰在看电视时，他的妻子正在做饭。The childre n ran away from the orchard（果 园），the mome nt they saw the guard.孩子们一看到守卫就逃走了。No sooner had I arrived home tha n it bega n t
8、o rain.还没等我到家就开始下雨了。Every time I liste n to your advice, I get into trouble.每当我听取你的建议的时候，我就会惹上麻烦。地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊弓丨导词：wherever, any where, everywhereGen erally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.一般来说，有工厂的地方空气污染就严重Wherever you go, you should work hard.无论你去哪里，你应该努力工作地点状语从句一般由连接
9、副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如:Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。They were good pers ons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。Where the Comm unist P
10、arty of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党，哪里人民就得解放。Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员。原因状语从句常用弓丨导词：because, since, as, for特殊弓丨导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.My frie nds dislike me because I m han dsome and successful.我的朋友不喜欢我，因为我又英俊又
11、成功。Now that everybody has come, let s beg in our conf ere nee.既然每个人都到了，让我们开始我们的会议吧。The higher in come tax is harmfu l in that it may discourage people from tryi ng to earn more.更高的收入税是有害的，因为它或许会阻碍人们努力赚钱。目的状语从句常用弓丨导词：so that, in order that特殊弓丨导词：lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the
12、 purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sig n them.老板要求秘书快写函件以便他能在上面签字。The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the stude nts in the back could hear more clearly.为了让后面的学生听得更清楚，老师有意地提高了他的声音。结果状语从句常用引导词：sothat, suchthat,特殊弓丨导词：such t
13、hat, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.他很早起床以便赶上第一班公共汽车It s such a good cha nee that we must not miss it.这是一个好机会，千万不能错过它To such a degree was he excited that he couldrf t sleep last night.他激动到这个程度，以至于他昨晚睡不着条件状语从句常用弓丨导词：if, un
14、less,whether(whether.or not)特殊弓丨导词：as/so long as, only if, provid in g/provided that, suppos ing that, i n case that, on con diti on thatWe II start our project if the preside nt agrees.如果总统同意，我们将开始我们的项目You will certa inly succeed so long as you keep on try ing.你一定会成功，只要你继续努力Provided that there is n
15、o oppositi on, we shall hold the meet ing here.如果没有人反对，我们就在这里开会让步状语从句常用弓丨导词：though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词：as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装）,while （ 一般用在句首）,no matter ，in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can t agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.老人喜欢游泳，即使天气很恶劣No matter how hard he tried, she could not cha nge her mind.不论他如何努力，她不会改变她的主意He won t listen whatever you may say
