外研社应用英语教程 综合英语3 教学课件U4

Pre-Class TasksBackground KnowledgeText AText BPre-Class TasksI.Mini-Research1.What events marked the beginning and the end of World War II?The German invasion of Poland in 1939 marked the beginning of World War II.Subsequently,France and the United Kingdom declared war on Germany.The war in Europe ended with the German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945,before which the Allies and the Soviet Union invaded Germany and Hitler committed suicide.In Asia,after the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August respectively,Japan finally surrendered on 2 September 1945,which marked the end of World War II.Pre-Class TasksI.Mini-Research2.What influence did World War II have on the world?World War II caused mankind to experience an unprecedented disaster.Most independent countries in the world,whether active or passive,almost survived,and thousands of years of human civilization were almost destroyed.This extremely cruel and antagonistic war fundamentally changed the face of human history,exerted a far-reaching influence on the development process of human society,and pushed the world into a new historical period.Firstly,the war landed a heavy blow to Europe,and the conditions for European powers to compete for supremacy ceased to exist.The traditional balance of power system in Europe with Britain,Germany,and France as the core collapsed,and the European central era became history.Additionally,the war caused the realignment of world Pre-Class TasksI.Mini-Research2.What influence did World War II have on the world?political forces.In the world,two parallel forces represented by the United States and the Soviet Union confronted and competed in various fields.The war dealt a devastating blow to the old colonial system and accelerated the complete disintegration of the colonial system that had existed for hundreds of years.Thirdly,the war promoted science and technology to advance by leaps and bounds,and pushed the third scientific and technological revolution to flourish.Finally,the war brought new principles of international relations,and every nation-state was recognized as an equal member of the international community.The principles of national equality and national self-determination increasingly became the basis for dealing with relations among countries.Pre-Class TasksII.Co-LearningAppreciate the following quotes about war and discuss your understanding of them in a group.1.The beacon fire has gone higher and higher;Words from household are worth their weight in gold.Du Fu （烽火连三月，家书抵万金。杜甫）2.Never think that war,no matter how necessary,nor how justified,is not a crime.Ernest Hemingway Pre-ClassTasksIII.PresentationInterview your friends or family members with the following questions and make a presentation in class.1.How has World War II stimulated peoples thinking about human nature?2.What lessons should people draw from World War II?Background KnowledgeAbouttheText The text is one of the articles analyzing the outbreak of World War II in Europe,retrievable at https:/teachinghistory.org/history-content/ask-a-historian/25268.Teachinghistory.org,also known as the National History Education Clearinghouse(NHEC),is a website that provides educational resources for the study of U.S.history.TextStructureText ABeginning(paras.1-_)The author presents the historians _ to the analysis of the causes of a(n)_ event.Body(paras._-9)The author analyzes the _ of World War II in the European theater and explais why Germany _ in detail.Conclusion(para.10)The author introduces the outbreak of World War II in Europe with German _ of Poland in 1939 and the _ on France and the Low Countries later,and highlights the effect of the war:the largest _ in human history by far.3approaches4vast,global proximate causewent to war againinvasionattackcatastropheDetailedAnalysisText APartI(paras1-3)Comprehensioncheck1.Why is pinpointing the causes of the Second World War a challenging task for the historian?Because eventsespecially enormous,multifaceted eventshave multiple causes and multiple inputs.DetailedAnalysisText APartI(paras1-3)Comprehensioncheck2.Why did the author cite the case of the American Civil War in paragraphs 2 and 3?He intended to convince readers that events had multiple causes and multiple inputs by analyzing the cause of American Civil War.DetailedAnalysisText APartI(paras1-3)Wordsandphrases1.In their attempts to explore cause and effect,however,historians often probe more deeply beyond the“triggers”to locate trends,developments,and circumstances that contributed equally,if not more,to events.In this sentence,“that contributed equally,if not more,to events”is an adjective clause,which modifies the nouns“trends,developments,and circumstances.”trigger:v.T triggersth(off):to make sth happen suddenly Nuts can trigger off a violent allergic reaction.trigger:to cause a device to start functioning to trigger an alarmtrigger:n.trigger(for sth);trigger to sth/to do sth The t