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1、as a Human Activity贵州师范学院大学英语2l Leonardo da Vinci Mona Lisal Vincent van Gogh Sunflowersl Pablo Picasso The Dove of Peacel Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart The Marriage of Figarol Ludwig van Beethoven The Symphony No.9l Frdric Franois Chopin The Revolutionary Etudel Auguste Rodin The Thinkerl Alexandre Gusta
2、ve Eiffel The Eiffel Towerl艺术的目的是在于它代表的正真深意,而不是它表面所呈现的东西.希腊哲学家亚里斯多德.l艺术源于对自然的关注和调查。罗马哲学家马库斯图留斯西塞罗l艺术是自然的右手。自然只让我们存在，而艺术创造我们的人类。德国诗人席勒l艺术不是一项积极的现世研究，而是对理想真理的追求。英国文艺批评家约翰罗斯金l 艺术作品是独特脾性的独特结果。爱尔兰作家兼诗人王尔德l艺术是一个人表达自己的愿望，是对他的个性在生活中表现的记录。美国诗人艾米洛威尔l艺术是一步一步，从明显的和众所周知,到神秘和隐晦。美籍黎巴嫩作家、艺术家纪伯伦l艺术是对命运的反抗。所有的艺术构成了对人
3、类命运的反抗。法国 安德烈马尔罗l艺术本身是闹中取静的一种尝试。美国作词作曲家斯蒂芬桑德海姆l艺术的存在不仅仅是为了娱乐，还为了促使人思考，激发甚至是干扰他们不断地寻求真相。芭芭拉史翠珊l1 All of human work can be divided into two parts:the science and the art.The science,in general,refers to those parts of human work that require“knowledge.”More specifically,they require observation(watchi
4、ng the natural world),identification(separating and naming the parts of a naturally occurring thing),description(using words to make a picture),experimentation(trying to copy what occurs in nature to learn from it),and theoretical explanation(forming a set of ideas or a theory that explains the occu
5、rrence).l2 The art,on the contrary,means those areas of human endeavor that require skill.Skill is a persons ability to work well with a part of his or her body.Skill is talent and technique.An artist is someone who does or makes something well using hands and tools.Artistry is also a well-developed
6、 skill in one area of manufacture.The word“manufacture”,incidentally,once meant“to make by hand”.Everything that was not“natural”was artificial,that is,made with tools through skill by hand.l3 Today the word art has a special meaning.Art is that which is beautiful.The painting of a skilled painter,f
7、or example,is appreciated by many people.A rug or a tapestry is art.Ceramic work is also art;the shapes,colors,and textures of bowls,vases,and pitchers make these clay items beautiful to look at and enjoyable to use.l4 Human beings like decorating their environments.A look back into history shows th
8、at this is true.The walls of the caves(openings in the sides of the hills or mountains that were the first natural homes for people)were decorated with paintings.Long before history was first written,people began to gain skill at improving the appearance of their surroundings.l5 Another definition o
9、f art,therefore,is skilled production.If this definition is correct,then there is art everywhere.The baker who makes tasty,attractive bread,cakes,and pies is an artist.The person who arranges items for sale in a store is an artist.The writers art is his or her plays,short stories,or advertising.Furt
10、hermore,the composer of music,an art form that is heard,not seen,is also an artist.l6 Although there are many types of art,there are some basic principles in art too.All kinds of art require the same general characteristics.The most important is order.The elements,or the separate parts,of a work of
11、art must be arranged so that there is a pattern or a design.The form itself is very important.A pleasing shape and balance are also necessary for art.Balance means the same amount on each side.In art,balance means that a painting or a piece of weaving has a continuous pattern,that a ceramic pot is w
12、ell-formed,or that the interesting parts of a structure are found on both sides.l Harmony and contrast are also essential aspects of art.The parts of the art must fit together;each must have beauty in itself and look attractive with the other parts.In a figure of a person sculpted out of a large pie
13、ce of stone,for example,the head and body must match;the parts of a sculpture must suit each other.The artist finds it crucial to carve appropriate sizes and forms into the stone.Furthermore,the clothing and the base must be appropriate so that the whole statue can be appreciated.l7 Art does somethi
14、ng good to a human being.A beautiful thing is felt,enjoyed,and experienced.The appreciation of art results in a happier feeling and increased understanding of people and the world.After reading a well-written book or enjoying a well-presented play,a person feels inspiration to improve his or her own
15、 circumstances because of the reminder that human beings have many resources.In other words,art inspires the human spirit.Because of art,peoples lives are better.The painter,the sculptor,the musician,the writer,the potter,the weaver all artists contribute to a better life for everyone.lk(r)vi.发生；存在；
16、出现；想到e.g.lA leap-year occurs at every four years.l闰年每4年一次。lThat plane crash occurred only minutes after take-off.l空难在起飞几分钟后就发生了。loccur to sb 发生在(某人身上）lI hope no accident has occurred to him.我希望他没出什么事。loccur to sb/sth 被想起到come to mind of(sb/sth)lSuch a simple explanation never occurred to me!l我从未想到如此简单的解释。lIt s/ed+to sb+to-v/that-clauselIt occurred to him that he hadnt eaten anything since the night before.他想起他自前天晚上以来一点东西没吃。l正相反e.g.lHe is not poor,on the contrary,he is a millionaire.l他不穷，相反，他是个百万
