《中考英语语法冲刺》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语语法冲刺（65页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、一、名词n.1. 分类1) 专有n.（人地名大写通常0冠词）2) 普通n.可数（单数复数）不可数（液、气体抽象肉类数不粉末清原材料不可数）2. 可数n.VS 不可数n.1)可数n.：可以数有单复数前跟数主2)不可数n.：无复数前不跟数主数字可数n.of不可数n-3)修饰n的表丕定量的词：修饰可数n.:(a) few; many; a number of/ reat number of; several 修饰不可数n.:(a) little; much; ; 叶疹饰both:some/any; a lot of(lots of); plenty of; enough * n.：可数不可数：pap
2、er/ tea/ work /wood/ room/glass 3、可数n的复数形式规则1. +s 2.+es（以s/x/sh/ch结尾）3.改y为i+es（捕立）4改f/fe为ves(直接) 5以o结尾(*+es:negro/hero/tomato/potato) 不规则1. 变化无规则2. 单复同形(sheep/deer/people（民族s）fish（表种类es)国人（中日Swiss不变；英Englishman法Frenchman变；其它兰）3. 复金lh(前不变后变，man/woman+n.：前后都变）四、n的所有格五、n.后缀a.ly/ ful/y/less/ous/en 六、n的作
3、用主语动宾（介宾）表语定语同位语冠词art.（用来限定不限定n的词）一、定冠词the1特指(this/that/these/those)2上文提到了的3山川河流海洋湖泊的名字前4大家知道的5.独一无二6. a最高级序数词前7. The比。oo, the比越。就越。00 8. the a.一类人the姓氏复数一家人9.西洋乐器前10星期季节月份被修饰时11方位名词前(eastsouth west north) 12发明物前13由多个普通词构成的专有名词前14节日(festival)15固定搭配二、不定冠词a/an可数名词单数1一个：one2.某一个：certain3.每一个：per4. 序数词：
4、又一再一5. a VS an 6. 固定搭配。00 7表类别a/an+可数n单数三、零冠词1星期季节月份前2专有名词前3.球棋牌前4.抽象物质名词表泛指时5. school/prison/hospital/table. the.表地点零。O。表事情* in front of VS in the front of（内部）6.表类别：零可数n复数不可数n.7.官衔、学科、语言前8. By零交通工具9.固定搭配10.节日(day)代词（匹Qn.)一、人称1主格（做主语表）2. 宾格（做动宾介宾表）单数(231)（需要承担责任时123)复数(123)二、物主K的）1. my/our/your/your
5、/his/her/its/their +n. 2.lh.mine/ours/yours/yours/his/hers/its/theirs（不加n.)三、反身(himself /herself /itself /themselves) 1宾语（动宾：enjoyoneself当主语宾语介宾）2主宾的同位语四、指示(this/that/these/those)1电话用语或不明身份时：this表示我that表示你，还可以用it2. Is this/that?Yes, itAre these/those. ? Yes, they 3在比较级的句子里，只能用that/those代表前面已出现的部分。五、
6、疑问who（主宾）whom（宾）/whose what/which 当疑问代词作主语时，谓语V用单数形式。当作介宾且介词提剪时只能用whom.六、不定pron.(1 n. 2 a. ) 1. (a) little/ few some/ any much/ many ( a little/a few = some little = not much few = not many 2. every (2 a.) VS each( everv/each +n单every_（大于等于3者）each（大于等于2者）3表两者之间关系：both either neither ( 4表三者及以上之间关系：已(
7、3a./n.) none n. no a. 5. other丞烈6. 复合不定body one thing ,where pron./adv. some any every noone 1做主语时，谓语单数处理2. a修饰它们时要后置。* * it（同名同物）VS one（同名异物）七、关系代词the先丘迵（被修饰的n.）关系代词定语从句关系代词所代表的部分（主宾：动宾介宾）关系代词：1)代表人：who（主宾）whom（宾）/whose / that 2)代表物：vvhich/thatThe boy is !.i.QQlmg at D. The lady t I vvent shopping
8、vvith yesterday is my mother The lady vvith I vvent shopping yesterday is my mother 关系代词什么时候可省略：1. 当关系代词在从句中代表宾语时2. 当关系代词在从句中代表主语且后跟be动词，可以将关系代词和be动词一起省略。动词(V.)一、实义V（谓语V)主泗宾：某人做什么1. Vt: 义主（宾）（宾补）2. Vi 1) V无宾语2) V +prep+宾3) V +adv.(up/down/away/on/off)宾（宾是名词可中可后，宾是代词只中4)V +adv. +prep.宾S) V +n. +prep.
9、宾二、助V（帮助实义v构成歪定、疑问、时态或语态的词）1、do/does/did否定、展问2、have/has/had完成时态3、am/is/are/was/were进行时态被动语态4、will(wont)/shall (shant)/would/should 将来时态三、系V主系表(a.)：某人是什么1、表状态类1)延V+表(a.n.adv.prep宾）2)感官V(。起来）(look/sound/feel/taste/smell) 表(a.)3)其它：seem/prove表（a./todo/that句子）remain/ lie / stand/ stay. 2、表变化类表(a.)get (+
10、done) ; become (+n.) ; /loose/tight turn: dark go表性质变化：bad/sour/wrong come ;true /loose/tight grow; quiet/noisy/old/wise fall; asleep 四、情态V(l+实义V的原形2直接否定和疑问3无人称变化）1.can/could 1)表能力：could是过去式2)表允许（可以）：could更委婉*Could you tell me宾从（时态不倒移）3)表猜测：cant/couldnt（不可能）do（现在I将来）havedone（过却2. may/might 1)允许（可以）：
11、might更委婉但y_.? Yes,can/may. 2)表猜测：may=mightmay not = might not+ do（现在将来）/have done（过去）3)表祝福：Maysb. +do! 4)表无奈：也只好。may= might as well + do 3.Must (=) 1)义务：必须Must. ? Yes,. must. . neednt. 2)表猜测：一定肯定do（现在将来）/have done（过去）4. need 1)实义V（所有）：+n. / doing（被做）todo （去做）2)情态V（歪定疑问）do neednt do（去做）/have done （没必
12、要做的做了）Need?Yes,. must. No,. neednt. 5. will（意愿：愿意会）would（请求意愿）+like/love n. / to do. 6. shall（征求意见）I/we? /should= ought to + do（去做）/ have done（应该做的没做）形容词(a.)一、作用和位置1定语n.复合不定代词a.多个a作定语，顺序：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。The/his/this.主观描绘客观描绘desk2.表语（系表）只定不表：little/live/wooden/elder/only* 只表不定. alive/
13、asleep/aloud/awake/afraid/sure 3. 宾补(keep/make/find/paint宾a（宾补）* Vt.使。怎样sb be surprised done a.感到怎样的doing a令人怎样二、比较级和最高级的构成1规则1)直去双改er/est（单音节和以ble/er/ow/v结尾的双音节a.)2) more/ the most +a.（其它双音节和多音节a.)2不规则good/well many/much bad/ill/badly little far old 三、比较级和最高级的特殊句式1. 比than 与主谓系保持一致2. the最(of与主语同类in与
14、主语不同类最!1.(that) have/has ever done) 3. the序数词最：第几。4. One of the最n复：最。O。之一5. The比。，the比。越。就越。6. The比。ofthe two：两者中更怎样的7.比thanany other +n单比thanthe other +n复8比and比：越来越9.倍数比than10. more/less the most/least +a. 11. as原asnot as/so原as:前者不如后者* a lot /much/ far+a./adv比：0 0。得多even +a./adv比：甚至更。a little/a bit
15、 +a./adv比：0 0。一点点副词(adv.)作用分位置类方式V(宾）方式advadv-V 时间副句末（句首）；具体时间在前，抽象时间在后。词V地点V地点时间；小地点在前，大地点在后。频率副放实义动词之前词VI always/usually/often/seldom/ hardly(ever)/ rarely/never ?:How often 程度副I a. I adv比较级词very/enough /too/ extremely/ terribly/ fairly/ quite.+a. -a./adv I/ adv. . 通整放a./adv之前，但a./adv+ enough; 疑问I
16、why/where/when/howadv. ：首！关系when/where/whyadv+定先行词关系adv定语从句关系adv所代表的时间地点语从句原因*only/ even：位置灵活，adv比较级和最高级can even 构成：规则：单音节early：直去双改er/est，其它adv+more/(the) most 用法：(the) adv最高级(the)先行词(n.)定语从句The boy关系词（关系代词（主宾）关系副词（时间地点原因）who came very early. 关系代词：who/whom/that/which/ whose+n. 关系代词的省略式：1. 作宾语2. 作主语be（一起省）The city I lived皿10years ago is called Yichang. The city 1 lived_lO years ago is called Yichang. The city I lived 10 years ago is called Yichang. The brid ed in 1949 was called. Was destroyed w
