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1、名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -动词不定式（ the infinitive）的基本用法动词不定式1. 基本构成： to+动词原形，其否定形式是 “ not/never to d/onot do”.2. 基本用法：不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化；一、不定式的句法功能1.作主语eg: It s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school.不定式做主语时 ,常用代词 it来代替不定式结构 , 这时 it被称为形式主语 ,而作为句子真正主语的不定
2、式就被后置，往往放v.和 adj.之后；e.g. To learn English well is not easy.=It s not eatsoy learn English well. 不定式的规律主语有时用“ of/for+ 名词或代词宾格 ”构成, 即：It +sadj. + for / of sb. + to do sth.跟踪练习1. It s very nice of the_m send me the flowers.2. become a teacher is my dream.3. It s very important to learn English w同el义l.
3、句转换 English well 4. It s important Chinese well.A. to learn B. learn C. learning D. learns2.作表语very important.eg：The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.表语是用来表示主语的身份、状态和特点等，可与系动词构成系表结构；eg：Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school.My job is to clean the streets.跟踪练习1. My work is clean th
4、e room every day.2. His dream is be a doctor.3. 作宾语eg：The driver offered to help the patient.有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语，表示命令、准备或期望等；常见的此类动词有：agree,1 第 1 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -ask, choose, decide, want, would like, fail, help, hope, plan等；跟踪练习1. My friends want boo
5、k some tickets to the movie for us.2. My parents decide give me more money.3. He plans go to Beijing for a holiday.4. The boy hopes pass the English exam.5. My little son is able read some words.6. I ll try mbyest help you.7. She would like become beautiful.4.作宾语补足语eg： It allows people to get closer
6、 to them.The world wide fund for nature chose the panda to be its symbol.动词不定式作宾语补足语，常构成的句式为：v. + sb. /sth. + to do；此类常见的动词有： tell, ask, want, wish, teach, help, order, invite, get, allow, send, lead, encourage, advise, warn, bear,beg, cause, command, drive, elect, expect, forbid, force, hate, inten
7、d, leav留e 下, like, mean, need, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, train, trouble等 36 个动词；即：ask sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事；tell sb. to do sth. 告知某人做某事； invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事；help sb. to do sth. 帮忙某人做某事； want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事；allow sb. to do sth. 答应某人做某事；.eg：My friend invites me to come to his
8、 home.I asked Paul to carry the box.其否定形式为：v. + sb. / sth. not /never + to do ；即：tell sb. not to do sth. 告知某人不要做某事 ; ask sb. not to do sth. 让某人不要做某事； warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事； order sb. not to do sth. 命令某人不要做某事； eg：My teacher tells us not to make too much noise.跟踪练习1. Don t ask Jim go swimm
9、ing with us, because his mother won t all_owdohimso_. 2. Does you mother like you a doctor.A. beingB. to beC. areD. become3. My teacher always tells me study hard.4. I don t want you help me.5. She d like me join them.2 第 2 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6. I w
10、ish you have a good time.7. My best friends teach me swim.8. Her boyfriend often invites her have dinner.9. My mother always gets my father do housework.10. I order you wash your hands. 在动词 think, believe, know, find, understand, take 等之后，作宾补的不定式多由“to be adj”构成；eg: They find the Chinese people to be
11、 happy and cheerful He believed the earth to be a globe 在某些短语后也可跟不定式作宾补；这类动词短语常见的有： wait for, call on, depend on, care for, long for 等；eg: The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again The chairman called on Mr. Brown to speakI shouldnt care for that man to be my doctor 有些动词后接省去to 的动词不定式作宾语
12、补足语， 即： 动词不定式在使役动词 （make， let， have）或感官动词（ feel，listen to，hear， look at，see，watch，notice）之后作宾补时不定式需省去 to；句式为： v. + sb. / sth. + do ; 其否定形式为： v. + sb. / sth. + not /never do ；为了便于记忆，我们可以这样记：“一感”（ feel）“二听”（ listen， hear）“三让”（ let，make，have）“四看”（ look at， see， watch，notice） eg：His words makes everyone
13、 laugh.His mother let him not watch TV. I felt someone open my doorPlease listen to me sing the song again留意 ：感官动词后既可跟省略to 的不定式作宾补，也可跟现在分词作宾补；其区分是：前者强调动作的全过程或常常性；后者就强调动作在进行片断；试比较：I heard her sing我听见她唱了歌；I heard her singing我听见她在唱歌； 个别动词，如 : help 既可以接带 to 的不定式，也可以接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语；eg：She helps me to do
14、 my homework.跟踪练习3 第 3 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1. When they went into the park, they saw someone Chinese Kongfu .A. playsB. playedC. to playD. playing2. Mr. Brown made his students the new words again.A. copyingB. copyC. to copyD. copied3. Please let the students down.A. sittingB. satC. sitD. tosit4. - Is Wei Fang good at singing.- Yes, she is. We often hear her in her room.A. to singB. singC. singsD. singing5. A strange noise made me stop my work.5.作状语eg: We are sorry to hear that. 作缘由状语 Let s stop to have a rest作.目的状语
