精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上 苯-乙苯连续精馏筛板塔的设计专业年级：姓 名: 指导老师: 时 间： 专心---专注---专业 目录1、 序言12、 设计任务书53、 板式精馏塔的设计任务64、 物理数据计算71.1产品浓度的计算71.2回流比的计算71.3精馏塔的物料衡算81.4精馏段和提馏段的操作线方程81.5精馏塔理论塔板数及加料位置81.6实际塔板数的计算91.7 精馏塔主要工艺尺寸的设计计算105、 设计结果一览表146、 板式塔的结构及附属设备156.1冷凝器156.1.1设计结果一览表186.2再沸器196.2.1设计结果一览表237、 设计心得体会248、 参考文献25 序言塔设备是化工、炼油生产中最重要的设备之一塔设备的设计和研究，已经受到化工行业的极大重视在化工生产中，塔设备的性能对于整个装置的产品产量、质量、生产能力和消耗定额，以及三废处理和环境保护等各个方面，都有非常重大的影响 精馏过程的实质是利用混合物中各组分具有不同的挥发度即在同一温度下，各组分的饱和蒸汽压不同这一性质，使液相中的轻组分转移到汽相中，汽相中的重组分转移到液相中，从而达到分离的目的。
因此精馏塔操作弹性的好坏直接关系到石油化工企业的经济效益 筛板塔是扎板塔的一种，内装若干层水平塔板，板上有许多小孔，形状如筛；并装有溢流管或没有溢流管操作时，液体由塔顶进入，经溢流管（一部分经筛孔）逐板下降，并在板上积存液层气体（或蒸气）由塔底进入，经筛孔上升穿过液层，鼓泡而出，因而两相可以充分接触，并相互作用泡沫式接触气液传质过程的一种形式，性能优于泡罩塔为克服筛板安装水平要求过高的困难，发展了环流筛板；克服筛板在低负荷下出现漏液现象，设计了板下带盘的筛板；减轻筛板上雾沫夹带缩短板间距，制造出板上带挡的的筛板和突孔式筛板和用斜的增泡台代替进口堰，塔板上开设气体导向缝的林德筛板筛板塔普遍用作H2S-H2O双温交换过程的冷、热塔应用于蒸馏、吸收和除尘等 泡罩塔板是工业上应用最早的塔板，它主要由升气管及泡罩构成泡罩安装在升气管的顶部，分圆形和条形两种，以前者使用较广泡罩有f80、f100、f150mm三种尺寸，可根据塔径的大小选择泡罩的下部周边开有很多齿缝，齿缝一般为三角形、矩形或梯形泡罩在塔板上为正三角形排列 操作时，液体横向流过塔板，靠溢流堰保持板上有一定厚度的液层，齿缝浸没于液层之中而形成液封。
升气管的顶部应高于泡罩齿缝的上沿，以防止液体从中漏下上升气体通过齿缝进入液层时，被分散成许多细小的气泡或流股，在板上形成鼓泡层，为气液两相的传热和传质提供大量的界面 泡罩塔板的优点是操作弹性较大，塔板不易堵塞；缺点是结构复杂、造价高，板上液层厚，塔板压降大，生产能力及板效率较低泡罩塔板已逐渐被筛板、浮阀塔板所取代，在新建塔设备中已很少采用 浮阀塔板具有泡罩塔板和筛孔塔板的优点，应用广泛浮阀的类型很多，国内常用的有F1型、V-4型及T型等浮阀塔板的优点是结构简单、造价低，生产能力大，操作弹性大，塔板效率较高其缺点是处理易结焦、高粘度的物料时，阀片易与塔板粘结；在操作过程中有时会发生阀片脱落或卡死等现象，使塔板效率和操作弹性下降 Tower equipment is chemical industry, oil refining production in one of the most important equipment. Tower equipment design and research, has received great attention of the chemical industry. In the chemical production, tower equipment performance for the whole plant of the product yield, quality, production capacity and consumption quota, and "three wastes" treatment and environmental protection, and other aspects, all have very significant effect. The essence of the distillation process is the use of various components of the mixture with different volatility. That is at the same temperature, the component of saturated vapor pressure of different this nature, make the liquid of light component transferred to the vapor phase, vapor phase of a restructuring transferred to liquid, so as to achieve the purpose of separation. So rectifying column operational flexibility is good or bad has a direct relationship to the petrochemical enterprises economic benefit. Sieve plate tower is firm plate tower one kind, built in several layers horizontal plate, plate there are many holes, shape such as screen, And equipped with overflow pipe or no overflow pipe. When operating, liquid into the tower, the overflow tube (part of the screen hole) by plate down, and in the board stockpile liquid layer. Gas (or steam) into the bottom, the screen hole up through the liquid layer, bubble out, and two phase can be fully contact, and interaction. Foam contact gas-liquid mass transfer process of a kind of form, the performance is better than the bubble column. In order to overcome sieve plate installation level overstretch difficulties, the development of the circulation sieve plate; Overcome the sieve plate at low load appear leakage phenomenon, design the next board tape reel sieve plate; Ease plate on entrainment shorten plate spacing, create board band to block of sieve plate and process hole type sieve plate and Angle increases soaks table instead of imported weir, plate set on gas guide joint of linde sieve plate. Sieve plate tower commonly used in H2S - H2O double temperature exchange process of cold and hot tower. Applied in distillation, absorption and dust removal, etc. Bubble column plate in industrial application is the earliest plate, it mainly by rise trachea and bubble composition. Bubble installed in the rise to the top of the trachea, points round and bar two kinds, with the former is used more widely. Bubble have f80, f100, f150mm three dimension, but according to the tower diameter size selection. The bottom of the bubble surrounding open have a lot of slot, slot is commonly triangle, rectangle or trapezoidal. Bubble in the plate for the regular triangle arrangement. When operating, liquid transverse flow plate, rely on overflow weir keep board has a ce。