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常见的字母与字母组合发音规则(共7页)

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精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上常见的字母与字母组合发音规则(I)元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则●元音字母的发音(一)元音字母a  1.重读开音节/ei/ paper;late;make;lake;face 2.重读闭音节// bag;fat;cat;ladder;mass  (*例外:any一些/e/ ;many许多/e/ ) 3.非重读音节 /ə/ 或/i/   即:/ə/ ——ago;al ong;among;above;aloud/i/ —— comrade;village;manager;palace;private;necklace  *连续相同的辅音(字母),一般只发一个音,而且归属后一个音节段如上的ladder,village.  4.在字母w或wh后面,发/ɔ/ was;wash;what;want;(*例外:water水/ɔ:/ )  5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath组合里 ,重读时均发/a:/ 即:dance;France;chance  ask;mask;task;basket  class;grass;glass;pass;——(*例外:mass// )   fast;cast;past;last;master;father;path;bath;—— (*例外:maths// )  (二)元音字母e  1.重读开音节/i:/ me;he;she;these;evening2.重读闭音节/e/ hen;get;set;tell;echo  3.非重读音节/i/ useless;ticket;basket;pocket;before;below;(三)元音字母i或y  1.重读开音节/ai/ China;try;my;hi;time;guide;2.重读闭音节/i/ sit;hit;ill;little;system;3.非重读音节/i/ unit ;study  (四)元音字母o  1.重读开音节/əu/ no;so;go;home;photo;2.重读闭音节/ɔ/ not;hot;box;fox;cock;cost;3.非重读音节/ə/ purpose;concern 4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前,均发/ʌ/ son;month;come;ton;(*例外:Tom/ɔ/ )love;dove;glove;above;anothermother;brother;become;some5.两个单词:woman/‘w u-mən/ 女人(单数);women/‘w i-min/ 女人(复数)  (五)元音字母u  1.重读开音节/ju:/ pupil;stud ent;use;cube 2.重读闭音节 /ʌ/ 或/u/ 即:/ʌ/ —— cut;luck;umbrella;us     /u/ —— put;full;pull  3.非重读音节/ə/ autumn ;August;support    ●元音字母组合的拼读规则  (一)元音字母a的字母组合 1.ai或ay在重读音节中/ei/ rain;train;brain;pain                    day;may;play;stay;lay*ay在非重读音里/i/ 或/ei/ Sunday;Monday;Tuesday;Thursday;Friday  2.al+ 绝大多数辅音字母 /ɔ:/ small;wall;call;talk;walk;chalk 或/ɔ: l/ also;always  *al后面是k时,只发/ɔ:/ al+f或m时,al发/a:/ half;calm   -al在词尾非重读/(ə)l/ medal;metal;(例外 canal运河,重音在后/l/ ) 3.-ance在重读时/a: ns/ chance;dance;France   在非重读时/ə ns/ importance;performance;ambulance 4.-ant非重读/ənt/ assistant;important;peasant 5.-ange一般/eindʒ/ change;danger;strange ;(*但 orange /indʒ/ ) 6.-age 一般/idʒ/ village;carriage;marriage7.-ask一般重读时/a: sk/ ask;mask;task ;basket  8.-ass一般重读时/a: s/ class;glass;grass;pass;(*但 mass// ) 9.-ast一般重读时/a: st/ last;past;fast;cast-aste一般/eist/ waste;paste;taste 10.-ath一般/a: θ/ bath;path;(*但 maths/θ/ ) 或/a: / father;rather;(*但 gather// )   11.-au一般/ɔ:/ cause;autumn ;August;(*但 because/ɔ/ ) -augh(t)/ɔ: (t)/ caught;taught;daughter(*例外:laugh/la:f/ ) 12.-aw/ɔ:/ draw;saw;law;awful 13.a在字母w或wh后面,a发/ɔ/ was;wash;want;what;(*但 water/ɔ:/ )  14.-ar重读音时/a:/ party;car;farm;army;yard;hard;star在字母w或音/w/ 后面时 /ɔ:/ war;warm;warn ;towards;*quarter 在非重读音时/-ə/ beggar;dollar;solar  15.-are一般/-εə/ hare;bare;dare;stare;rare;care;parent 16.-air一般/-εə/ chair;fair;hair;pair;stair;repair 17.-able 一般/eibl/ able;cable;tabl e;stable    (二)元音字母e的组合 1.-ea重读音节有四个音,分别是下列:           -ea/i:/ team;meat;lead;teach;read;mean;please;steal          -ea/e/ threat;bread;meant;read(过去式和过去分词 );peasant         -ea/iə/ real;really          -ea/ei/ great;break  2.-ee/i:/ feel;week;keep;three;steel;street;sweep;see          *但是一个例外:coffee/i/ 3.-eer/iə/ deer;pioneer;engineer;volunteer 4.-er重读音节/ə:/ her;term;service;Germany非重读/ə/ worker;paper;western;teacher 特殊读法/a:/ clerk      5.-ere/iə/ here;mere         -ere 或者发/εə/ there;where      6.-ear有三种音,分别是;-ear/iə/ ear;dear;near;clear;tear (n.);beard-ear /ə:/ early;earth;learn;heard-ear /a:/ heart*tear作为动词时,发/εə/ 7.-ei /ei/ eight;weigh;weight   -ei /ai/ height-ei /i:/ receive8.-ey重读/ei/ they;hey;survey   -ey重读/i:/ key    -ey非重读/i/ monkey;donkey;valley;volleyball *-et非重读/it/ pocket;ticket;rocket 9.-ew 一般/ju:/ new;few;knew   -ew 或者发/u:/ grew;threw    -ew还可以发/əu/ sew 10.-ege /idʒ/ college  11.-est /i s t/ biggest;modest;happiest; 12.词尾的-ed在浊音后/d/ lived;studied          -ed在清音后/t/ worked;finished          -ed在字母t或d后/id/ wanted;needed      (三)元音字母i或y的组合 1.-ie在重读音节中,或在辅音字母前,发/i:/ field;piece;achieve   -ie在词尾/ai/ lie;die;tie   2.-igh(t)在重读音节/ai(t)/ high;night;light;bright 3.-ir在重读音节/ə:/ girl;firm;circle;first;third  4.-ire在重读音节/‘aiə/ fire;tired;hire;retired;wire 5.-ild/aild/ child;wild6.-ind/aind/ find;kind;mind;wind;(*但 window/ind/ )  7.-ing/iŋ/ king;wing;sing;doing;making  8.-(a)tion/(ei)ʃn/ nation;pronunciation;information;composition   -stion/tʃ n/ question    -sion/ʃn/ 或/ʒn/ mission使命;precision精密  9.-ye在词尾/ai/ good-bye;bye-bye  10.-ist/i s t/ list;fist;  (四)元音字母o的组合 1.-oa在重音时/əu/ boat;coat;road;goat;toad    -oar在重音时/ɔ:/ blackboard;aboard 2.-oi,-oy在重音时/ɔi/ boiler;point;join;oilboy;toy;joy;loyal  3.-oo一般/u:/ soon;too;zoo;room;noon;food;mood;boot;moon  *单词room和其他名词构成合成词时,常发短音。

如 classroom/u/ …等等     在字母k或有时在t,d之前时/u/ cook;look;book;took;foot;good; 4.-or在重音时/ɔ:/ for;horse;important;morning;born   -or在字母w后面/ə:/ work;word;world;worse;worth   (*但是 wore ,worn例外,均发/ɔ:/ )         -or在非重音时/ə/ monitor;doctor;professor;forget;forwards;forgive;conductor  5.-oar一般/ɔ:/ board;aboard;blackboard  6.-oor一般/ɔ:/ 或在美式英语里发/ɔə/ door;floor     -oor 还发/uə/ poor  7.-ore在重音时/ɔ:/ sno。

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