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unit iv.数字口译

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Interpretation Skill: Figure Interpretation,数字口译与谚语、成语口译是口译实践两大难点 1. 数字难以预测 2. 数字容易占去记忆空间 3. 数字往往几组出现,对记忆、记录都是挑战 4. 基数词、分数、倍数、小数种类繁多,表达各异 5. 记住数字的同时还要记住单位 6. 数字准确与否一定程度上决定谈判口译的成败,英汉数字表达的差异,从4位数起,英汉数字表达出现较大差异 英语每三位进一段位 汉语每四位进一段位,数字口译,数字翻译是口译中的一大难关,数字之所以难译,其中一个主要原因在于英语和汉语对于四位数以上的数字的表达,有不同的段位概念和分段方法英语数字以每三位数为一段位,而汉语则以每四位数为一段位汉语数字分段法:,英语数字分段法:,用横向方式表现为: billion million thousand 万 千 百 十 千 百 十 亿,亿 万 万,万 万 千,百 十 个 2, 8 6 3, 5 8 9, 4 0 0 汉语读作: 二十八亿六千三百五十八万九千四百 英语读作: two billion, eight hundred sixty-three million, five hundred eighty-nine thousand and four hundred,汉语以十的倍数来表示,英语则是在数字超过千以后,以千 的倍数来表示,如 “一万”是“十千”(ten thousand) “十万”是“百千”(hundred thousand),直到百万(million) 百万以上的数字则用百万的倍数来表示,如 “千万”是“十百万”(ten million) “亿”是“百百万”(hundred million),直到“十亿”(billion) 也就是说,英语中没有“万”和“亿”。

例如: 234,567,891,234 two hundred and thirty-four billion Five hundred and sixty-seven million Eight hundred and ninety-one thousand,数字口译的三个阶段,读 记 译,读,1. 要清楚英汉数字整数的读法,英语每三位进一段,英语读法要会分段读 4212378654391 4,212,378,654,391,2. 将一些英汉差异大的数字当成词汇记忆 万 Ten thousand 十万 hundred thousand 百万 million 千万 ten million 亿 hundred million 十亿 billion 百亿 ten billion,3. 数字的记录 Thousand 可写为t Million 可写为ml Billion 可写为bl 汉语可直接写阿拉伯数字,每四位划道斜线,英语每三位写个逗号,4. 英汉数字记录和口译中英译汉最常用的是“点—线”法,听到million, billion, thousand即写逗号,写完后从右到左每四位写道横线即可 如:thirty two billion four hundred fifty seven million eight hundred twenty six thousand nine hundred and thirty-seven可记为32,457,826,937,然后划线324/5782/6937,更直观的是 32,4/57,82/6,937,汉译英最常用的是“线--点” 法,听到亿,万时划/ 记录完毕后从右到左每三位划逗号 如:六亿四千六百二十三万零九百四十五可记为6/4623/0945,加逗号为6/46,23/0,945,5. 数字记录和口译时,通常可以采用只译最高段位再移动小数点的方法 如123亿9千万 12.39billion,数字口译练习1,请用英语和汉语分别朗读出下列整数数字 2872 3245 3657 7650 6542 51234 43257 66549 97896 15436 37648 8456372 231435 324538 532978 953165 21232456 31343678 41243569 87679765 543423154 321536576 657867983 3209785672 2765398675 5232432679,数字口译练习2,翻译以下数字 二千三百八十一 八千五百六十九 六千四百七十七 二千三百零八 五万四千三百 九万六千一百二十 四万六千五百八十六 七万八千六百五十三 八十九万六千 七十七万六千五百六十 一百二十三万四千五百六十五,实践是训练数字互译的根本途径。

口译教学要集中一段时间专门进行数字口译训练译员只有经过大量反复的数字口译实践才能掌握英汉数字互译的不同特点和规律,达到数字互译脱口而出,快速、准确的程度Read the following figures in Chinese:,英译时,从右向左,逆着原记录顺序每三位打一个逗号(分节号),便可将这些数字切分成印欧语系诸语言的进位单位了用此方法,需要牢记分节号左位数的单位从右向左:第一个分节号左位是“千”位,第二个分节号左位是“百万”位,第三个分节号左位是“十亿”位 例1:1/30,02/0,858 →130M 20Th 8Hu &58 例2:10,1/74,89/0,540 →10B 174M 890Th 5Hu &40,此形式译成外语很方便,“回译”成汉语也没太大困难 外译汉(如英文)时,译员应在听到billion、million、thousand等位时,便立即打上一处逗号 例: thirty two billion four hundred fifty seven million eight hundred twenty six thousand nine hundred and thirty-seven → 32,457,826,937 在预备译出时依然从右到左,按汉语数字进位规律每四位数打上斜线:32,4/57,82/6,937,译员只需照着斜线所提示的汉语数字表达习惯读出即可。

Read the following Chinese figures in English, and write down the figures in Arabic figures: 六万 五十七万 四百七十六万 九百六十一万 五千九百三十三万 七百五十亿 十一亿七千五百万 三千五百三十八万五千 九亿三千六百七十七万七千,The population of this city in 2004 was 78,872,890. The natural reserve takes up an area of 123,880,000 square kilometers. The coastal line of this country is 7,723,605 meters. The number of college graduates will climb to a record high of 3,28 million this summer, an increase of 540,000, or 34%, over the year 2000. Australia, with its landmass of 7,686,850 square kilometers, or 2,967,893 square miles, has a population of 18,742,000.,中国的劳动力有7亿4千万,而欧美所有发达国家的劳动力只有4亿3千万。

中国每年新增劳动力1000万,下岗和失业人口大约1400万,进城的农民工一般保持在1亿2000万中国面临巨大的就业压力,中国13亿人口有9亿农民,目前没有摆脱贫困的有3000万左右,这是按每年人均收入625元的标准计算的China has a huge labour force of 740 million, while the combined labour force for the developed countries of Europe and North America is just 430 million. Meanwhile, each year China sees an increase in new labour of some 10 million, and the country's laid-off and jobless people now total nearly 14 million. The size of the rural migrant workforce in cities remains steady at around 120 million, putting China under immense employment pressure. Some 900 million of China's total 1.3 billion population live in the countryside, and 30 million of them still live below the poverty line. We all know that the per capita income is only 625 yuan, very low.,Practice,1. ten years ago, China had 1075 full time institutions of higher learning with 88,100 graduates and 1,320,000 undergraduates. So far, in tertiary institutions there are 1,700 research institutes of natural science.,2. shanghai generated 144.77billion yuan in total tax, Corporate income tax rose by 16.6 percent to 88.17billion yuan and individual income tax was 13.41 billion yuan, up 41percent.,3. China’s foreign reserves, the world’s second largest after Japan, has increased by 48.4 percent to US$ 383.9 billion from the previous year.,4. Shanghai Volkswagen, China’s largest automaker, is planning to invest a minimum of US$120million on new product development in each of the next five years with an aim to double it annual sales to 600,000 units. It achieved combined sales of 400,000 units last year, a 32 percent increase from a year earlier.,The British & US System,Length 长度 mile/mi 哩=1,609km fathom/fm 寻=1,829m yard/yd 码=0.914m foot/ft 英尺=30.48cm inch/in 英寸=2.54cm Weight 重。

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