否定前缀否定前缀 Prefixes indicating negation 否定前缀：否定前缀：在单词的在单词的词首词首加上一个表示加上一个表示相反相反 含义的词缀含义的词缀常见否定前缀常见否定前缀：：dis-dis-; il-, im-, in-, ir-il-, im-, in-, ir-; un-un-; non- non-; mis-mis-等；等；否定前缀翻译否定前缀翻译：：““非非””、、““无无””、、““不不 （是）（是）””、、““未未””等 1. dis-1. dis-常加在名、形、动之前如：常加在名、形、动之前如：•disdisagreeagree(mentment) ( (分歧；不赞同分歧；不赞同) )•disdiscourage vt.courage vt.使气馁使气馁•disdisagreeable adj.agreeable adj.不愉快的不愉快的•disdisadvantage (advantage (不利条件；缺点不利条件；缺点) )•disdisorder order 无秩序无秩序•disdisappear (v.appear (v.消失消失) ) •disdiscomfortcomfort（（n.n.不舒适不舒适 vt. vt.使不舒适）使不舒适）•disdishonest (adj.honest (adj.不诚实的不诚实的) )•disdislike (v.like (v.不喜欢不喜欢) ) 但但ununlike prep 不像不像•disdissatisfactory adj.satisfactory adj.不令人满意的不令人满意的 •但但unun/dis/dissatisfiedsatisfied•discover vt 发现发现•但但ununcover 揭露，暴露揭露，暴露 2.in-;il-,im-,ir-2.in-;il-,im-,ir-(in-(in-在辅音在辅音n,l,m,p,rn,l,m,p,r前要变体前要变体) )加在形容词、名加在形容词、名词、副词上词、副词上 • •ininexpensive expensive • •inin/un/unequal equal 不平等的不平等的• •inincorrect correct • •ininvalidvalid无效的无效的• •inindifferent different 冷漠的冷漠的• •ininaccurateaccurate不准确的不准确的• •ininactiveactive，，• •inindirectdirect• •ininvisible,visible,• •inincrediblecredible，，• •inincurablecurable a.im-im-常加在以字母m-, p-m-, p-开头的形容词之前： •impossible (不可能的)•impolite (无礼的；粗鲁的)•impatient •imbalanced（adj.不平衡的）但：ununparallel不平行的 ununpleasant ununpopular nonnonpoisonous无毒的 b. b.il-, ir-il-, ir- 加在加在l l和和r r开头的开头的形容词形容词之前之前 •illegal（非法的（非法的) •illogical（不合（不合逻辑逻辑的）的）•irregular（不（不规则规则））•irresponsible •irrelevant•illiterate 不不识识字的字的•irrelative无关的无关的 但：ununreasonable不合理的，不公道的 3 3. un-. un-加在形容词、副词、名词及用于作形容词的分词上加在形容词、副词、名词及用于作形容词的分词上 unhappiness 不幸福不幸福 unusual 不不寻寻常的；罕常的；罕见见的的 unimportant 不重要的不重要的 unfriendly 不友好的不友好的 uncomfortable 不舒服的不舒服的 但但discomfort n/vt unsafe 不安全的不安全的 unwelcome 不受不受欢欢迎的迎的 uncommon 不常不常见见的的 unaware 没意没意识识到的到的不舒适 ；使…不舒服 un-un-用于动词之前表示做相反的动作用于动词之前表示做相反的动作•lock v.锁锁, 锁上锁上 ununlockvt.开开...锁锁•cover vt.覆盖覆盖 ununcovervt.揭开揭开, 揭露揭露•fold v.折叠折叠 ununfold v.打开打开•dress v.穿衣穿衣 unundress vt.使脱衣服使脱衣服•load v.装载装载 ununload v.卸货卸货 un-un-未（主要用于过去分词之前）未（主要用于过去分词之前）• •ununexpected 未预料到） • •ununlocked 未上锁的 • •ununeducated 未受教育的 • •unundecided 未决定的 • •ununfinished 未完成的 • •ununcrowded 不拥挤的 • •unundoubted 无疑的 • •ununmarried 未结婚的 4.non-4.non-加在名、形、副或作形容词的分词前，表加在名、形、副或作形容词的分词前，表““无，抗，无，抗，防，非，没防，非，没””之意之意 • •nonnonsensesense（（n.n.胡说、废话）胡说、废话） • •nonnon- -violentviolent（（adj.adj.非暴力的非暴力的 ) )• •nonnonpoisonous无毒的无毒的 • •nonnonexistentexistent不存在的不存在的• •nonnonsmoking smoking 不准吸烟的不准吸烟的• •nonnonstop a.stop a.直达的直达的 5.ab-,ab-.ab-,ab-加在词根前，表示加在词根前，表示" "相反，离去相反，离去”如：如：• •ababnormalnormal（（ab+normal ab+normal 正常的）反常的正常的）反常的•ababuseuse滥用、错误使用、虐待滥用、错误使用、虐待 6 6.mis.mis－加在动词、名词之前－加在动词、名词之前• •mismisunderstand understand 误解误解• •mismisjudge judge 误判误判• •mismisleading leading 误导误导• •mismisfortune fortune 不幸不幸 Exx:根据语境，用所给词的否定形式填空1．It is ________ (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol. 酒后开车不合法不合法。
2．___________ (lead) advertisements are not allowed by law.误导误导的广告为法律所不允许3．It is _____________ (reasonable)to stick to this absurd proposal.坚持这种荒谬的建议是不合理的不合理的4．There exists the ___________ (balance) between the rich and poor countries.富国与穷国之间存在着不平衡不平衡5.The government ________ (close) that another ambassador had been arrested for spying.政府公开公开另一个外交大使园间谍罪被逮捕illegalillegalMisleadingMisleadingirresponsibleirresponsibleimbalancedimbalanceddiscloseddisclosed 6．His identity is ________ (know) to us so we have to confirm.他的身份为为我们所不知所不知，所以我们得证实。
7．He seems to be ________ (aware)of the trouble he is making.他似乎不知道不知道他正造成的麻烦8．Jim is ________ (patient)with his little sister who is so noisy.吉姆对他吵闹的小妹妹不耐烦不耐烦9．The ____________ (expect)death of her son made hei sad.她儿子意外的意外的死亡使她伤心10.Her illness had made her completely ________ (mobile)．她的病使得她完全不能活不能活动动了unknownunknownunawareunawareimpatientimpatientunexpectedunexpectedimmobileimmobile 11．Running a business without a budget(预算)is ________ (practical)．经营生意而没有预算是不实际的不实际的12．The bright dress is ________ (proper) for a funeral.鲜艳的衣服对葬礼来说不合适不合适。
13．Students get a ________ (count) of 25% on plane tickets.学生享有25%的机票折扣折扣14．The water is ________ (fit)for drinking and you have to gowithout water.这水不适宜不适宜饮用，你只能不喝水了15.You must be ________ (literate) if you have not heard of Shakespeare.如果你没听说过莎士比亚，那你一定是文盲的文盲的impracticalimpracticalimproperimproperdiscountdiscountunfitunfitilliterateilliterate 16．He ________ (like)wearing a tie，so you will never see him in tie.17．___________ (amaze/surprise) , he should lose his temper in public.18．_____________ (expect), the injured athlete came first in the 100meter dash.19．The mother __________(dress) her baby and gave it a bath.20.This delay was __________ (avoidable) so we had to be patient.延迟不可避免,所以我们得耐心dislikesdislikesAmazinglyAmazinglyUnexpectedlyUnexpectedlyundressedundressedunavoidablyunavoidably 21．His income is ________ (adequate) to meet his basic needs and he has to find another job.他的收入不足以满足基本要求，他得再找份工作。
22.It's ________ (honesty)to lie about one's age.谎报自己的年龄是不诚实的23．The injured man was ________ (capable) of walking, so he had to be carried.那个受伤的人不能走路，所以他得被人背着24．He was ________ (ability) to sleep at night because of his anxiety.由于焦虑，晚上他不能入睡25.The fish is a bit ________ (smell). We can't eat it.inadequateinadequatedishonestdishonestincapableincapableunableunablesmellysmelly Assignment today:Assignment today:<<<<导与练导与练>>P154>>P154 。