小石潭记 柳宗元 （唐代）从小丘西行百二十步，隔篁竹，闻水声，如鸣佩环，心乐之伐竹取道，下见小潭，水尤清冽全石以为底，近岸，卷石底以出，为坻，为屿，为嵁，为岩青树翠蔓，蒙络摇缀，参差披拂 潭中鱼可百许头，皆若空游无所依日光下澈，影布石上，佁然不动；俶尔远逝，往来翕忽，似与游者相乐 潭西南而望，斗折蛇行，明灭可见其岸势犬牙差互，不可知其源 坐潭上，四面竹树环合，寂寥无人，凄神寒骨，悄怆幽邃以其境过清，不可久居，乃记之而去 同游者：吴武陵，龚古，余弟宗玄隶而从者，崔氏二小生：曰恕己，曰奉壹桃花源记陶渊明（东晋末南宋初，诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家）原文 晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业缘溪行，忘路之远近忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷渔人甚异之复前行，欲穷其林 林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光便舍船，从口入初极狭，才通人复行数十步，豁然开朗土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田美池桑竹之属阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐 见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食村中闻有此人，咸来问讯自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。
问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食停数日，辞去此中人语云：“不足为外人道也 既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之及郡下，诣太守，说如此太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路 南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往未果，寻病终后遂无问津者Narcissus or Self-LoveFrancis Bacon（17世纪英国哲学家、散文家）Narcissus is said to have been a young man of wonderful beauty, but intolerably proud, fastidious, and disdainful. Pleased with himself and despising all others, he led a solitary life in the woods and hunting grounds; with a few companions to whom he was all in all; followed also wherever he went by a nymph called Echo. Living thus, he came by chance one day to a clear fountain, and (being in the heat of noon) lay down by it; when beholding in the water his own image, he fell into such a study and then into such a rapturous admiration of himself, that he could not be drawn away from gazing at the shadowy picture, but remained rooted to the spot till sense left him; and at last he was changed into the flower that bears his name; a flower which appears in the early spring; and is sacred to the infernal deities — Pluto, Proserpine, and the Furies.In this fable are presented the dispositions and the fortunes too, of those persons who from consciousness either of beauty or some other gift with which nature unaided by any industry of their own has graced them, fall in love as it were with themselves. For with this state of mind there is commonly joined an indisposition to appear much in public or engage in business; because business would expose them to many neglects and scorns, by which their minds would be dejected and troubled. Therefore they commonly live a solitary, private, and shadowed life; with a small circle of chosen companions, all devoted admirers, who assent like an echo to everything they say, and entertain them with mouth-homage; till being by such habits gradually depraved and puffed up, and besotted at last with self-admiration, they fall into such a sloth and listlessness that they grow utterly stupid, and lose all vigour and alacrity. And it was a beautiful thought to choose the flower of spring as an emblem of characters like this: characters which in the opening of their career flourish and are talked of, but disappoint in maturity the promise of their youth. The fact too that this flower is sacred to the infernal deities contains an allusion to the same thing. For men of this disposition turn out utterly useless and good for nothing whatever; and anything that yields no fruit, but like the way of a ship in the sea passes and leaves no trace, was by the ancients held sacred to the shades and infernal gods. 2。