TEM 4作文 How much you know about TEM4 Writing?ßHow many words? ßHow much time allowed for you to do the task?ßWhat score you get?ßHow a composition is assessed?ßHow to prepare a composition?ßHow to arrange your 35 minutes?ßWhat style? Requirementsß1，作文：200个单词左右，考试35分钟，总分15%ß2，便条：50-60字的通知，便条，请帖等等，考试时间10分钟，总分10% Word Limit: about 200 wordsWord Limit: about 200 words1. .如题目中给出主题句，起始句，结束句，均不得计入所写字数 2.只写一段者：0-4分；只写两段者：0-9分（指规定三段的作文）长度计分标准: ß 150～170词: 扣1分 130～150词: 扣2分 110～130词: 扣3分 90～110词: 扣4分 90词以下: 至多给5分 3.3.为为了了便便于于阅阅卷卷人人员员掌掌握握评评分分标标准准，，现现将将各各档档作作文文分分相相当当于于百百分分制制的的得得分分，，列列表表如如下下，，称称为为得得分分率率。
其其中中9 9分分的的得得分分率率为为6060（（相相当当于于百百分分制制的的6060分） 作文分作文分1515 14 1314 13 1212 1111 1010 9 9 8 8 7 7 得分率得分率100 94 87 80 74 67 60 54 47作文分作文分 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 得分率得分率40 34 27 20 14 7 Composition Marking Criteriaß15 15 points:ß文章内容切题，思想表达清楚，行文通顺流畅，论证严密，论据充分，基本上无语言错误ß14-12 14-12 points:ß文章内容切题，思想表达清楚，语言比较通顺、连贯、只有极少量语法错误ß11-9 11-9 points:ß文章内容基本切题，尚能表达中心思想，但说理不够清楚，文字连贯不够好，有少量语法错误ß 8-6 points:基本切题，思想表达不够清楚，连贯性差，语言错误多。
5-3 points:文章条理不清，语言缺乏连贯，句子错误很多，或语言虽通顺流畅，但完全偏题[注注意意：：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分] 作文评分原则ß1）是否体现主题思想ß2）组织结构是否合理ß3）语法文字是否有重大错误ß4）卷面布局是否整洁ß 写作顺序ß1）阅读文章标题，确定文章的中心思想ß2）确定文章体裁和写作方法ß3）列出提纲，拟写各部分的主题句ß4）文章草稿：扩展主题句ß5）修改后抄正ß 时间分配ß审题：1-2分钟ß写提纲，组织素材，细节和关键词：4-5分钟ß起草：20分钟ß修改定稿：4-5分钟（拼写/搭配/语法）ß Part I 引言段 （内容）ß1）描写法ß2）主题法ß3）数据法ß4）定义法ß5）对立法ß6）问题法 Part I1.Topic: (引出要讨论的主题)2 My attitude towards it (作者对这些问题的基本态度和看法，是赞 成还是反对) Why college students take a part-time jobßNowadays college students are seen waiting on tables, cleaning in stores, advertising in streets, teaching in families and doing whatever work they can find. It has become fashionable for college students to do some odd jobs in their spare time. No more video gamesßTeenagers are spending far too much time and money in video arcades these days. In my opinion, video games should be done away with. They are nothing but a waste of time,money and energy. Why college graduates have difficulties finding a jobßAccording to a recent survey by china daily, about 15 percent of college graduates have difficulties finding a job after their graduation ,and the number seems to be increasing.(通过引用数据引导出中心思想） Should Euthanasia be advocatedßEuthanasia, a quiet and easy death, or”mercy killing”(下定义）， has become a heated topic among people recently. Many people applaud it and argue that euthanasia should be advocated in our society（中心思想）. My view on easing school children’s study burdenßEver since the easing of school children’s study burden is advocated by educators,some teachers and parents frown at it, saying that it will exert bad effects on the children(引言先引出某些人的观点）。
But (通过转折引出自己的不同观点-全文主题）I think easing school children’s study burden will do good to school children both physically and mentally. Is money all powerful?ßIs money all powerful? If someone asks me such a question（引言句提出问题）, my answer is always the same: No money is by no means all powerful（通过回答问题引出全文主题）. Part II 主题段ß根据全文主题确定主题段的内容ß注意层次关系： General → Specific →details→ Specific →details 1.首句概括性句子(General) (简单地重复一下所持态度)2.阐述所持态度的理由一 2.1.Supporting Details (具体的事例论证)3. 阐述所持态度的理由二) 3.1 Supporting Details (具体的事例论证)4.阐述所持态度的理由三) 4.1 Supporting Details (具体的事例论证) Part III 结语段 (Conclusion) ß1，总结式ß2，复述式ß3，展望式ß4，建议式ß5，警示式 Why college students take a part-time jobßThe significance for college students of doing a part-time job means more than money and experience: it will broaden their out-look and exert a profound influence on their personality and life. The necessity of voluntary blood donationßSince voluntary blood donation is beneficial to the blood receivers, to the donators themselves and to the society, why don’t we all join in the line? Why do I choose to live in the suburbsßLiving in the suburb is becoming a predominant pattern, and with the improvement of traffic and the perfection of services, it will prove to hold great superiority over city life. The advantages and disadvantages of private tutoringßGenerally speaking, the disadvantages of private tutoring overweigh the advantages. Therefore, greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and practice, on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of the pupil’s potentialities.（提出建议） Only in this way can a new generation be healthily brought up（作出展望）. Ease burden of our school childrenßIf we don’t ease our school children study burden now, just imagine what would become of our children in a few years: their eyes short-sighted, their backs hunched, they are nothing but book worms（指出效果）. Therefore, easing our children’s study burden is not a necessity, but a must（得出结论）. 作文分类ß1，立场选择型(评论型议论文)ß2，问题解决型ß3，道理论证型(分析型议论文)ß4，比较对比型 文章体裁分类ß分析原因类作文ß叙述理由类作文ß比较型议论文ß分析型议论文ß评论型议论文ß批驳型议论文 一，立场选择型作文题目ßA OR B?ßIs it wise to make friends on the internet?ßSaving Money or spending Tomorrow’s money?ßYES OR NO?ßWill phones kill letter writing? 评论型议论文ß第一段： 引言句引出要评论的事物， 说明在这事物上两种不同的看法ß第二段： 1赞成的观点或事物的优点 2承上启下的过渡句，引出下面另一种看法 3反对的观点或事物的缺点ß第三段：平衡这两种看法，总结出作者自己的观点 Should the old people live with their adult children?ßNowadays it becomes a hotly debated issue whether old people should live with their adult children or not. What do you think of this issue? ß第一段：Nowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic/---has become the most popular/---is a popular phenomenon.(指出新热点，交代争论的背景）I think---(表明自己的观点和态度）ß第二段：Firstly/In the first place/First of all/On one had---(阐述一方面理由）ßSecondly/In the second place/On the other hand/Furthermore（阐述另一方面理由）ß第三段：In short---/To sum up/In one word ßP 17ßNowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic to --- ßFirstly, it may interfere in adult children’s independence and freedom.ßSecondly, people of different ages have different ways of life.ßThirdly, people of different generations have different views and values.ßIn short---- 问题解决型作文常见题目ßThe best way to stay healthyßOne way to solve the problemßMy idea of a university arts festivalßMy idea of a successful interviewßMy idea of city traffic ß第一段：引言，对现状、形势、或困难的描述，提出问题ß第二段：原因，途径与方法，列举做某事的途径或问题解决的种种方法ß第三段，评价 ßIn modern society, most people seem to be under great success, which has caused a lot of psychological problems among them and serious social problems too. What do you think of it? How to solve the problems? Give your opinion. ß第一段：Currently—becomes a hot issue of the society—contributes to a lot of psychological and social problems(交代文章背景，并且指出问题的严重性）ß第二段：There are several ways to—(总体指出解决方法）First—second—third---(分别阐述不同的解决方案）ß第三段：By doing so, you’ll find yourself with---（最后总结全文，指出这样做的好处） ßCurrently , how to cope with stress becomes a hot issue of the society. Too much stress contributes to a lot of psychological and social problems.ßThere are several ways to cope with stress. First, you have to revaluate the priorities of your life.---Second, regular exercise will help you relieve your stress. Third, you should learn to relax.ßBy doing so, you’ll find yourself with enhanced physical strength---- 三，道理论证型ßThe benefits of volunteeringßThe importance of keeping a good moodßTravel broadens the mindßThe importance of extracurricular activities 分析型议论文主要是判断和分析所讨论的事物或观点的性质。
具体地说就是阐述其重要性，正确性，必要性或荒谬性，危害性等题目通常如下：uThe benefits of making friends of different kinds; uThe importance of making cities greener;uThe harmful effects of heavy exposure to TV. uThe benefits of volunteeringuThe importance of keeping a good mooduTravel broadens the minduThe importance of extracurricular activities ß第一段：开篇引出题目要求评论的论点，直奔主题ß第二段，详细阐述支持这个看法的两个到三个理由ß第三段，总结全文，并给出自己的见解 ßNowadays, the suicide rate of college students has been increasing, which arouses more and more public attention. Many universities and colleges offer courses to the enrolled students concerning mental health. Besides, they also provide psychological consultation to those in need. Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: The importance of psychological education is college ß第一段---has recently become a heated topic./Nowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic that---/more and more people pay attention to---/---attract a lot of public attention./Currently,---has become a matter of concern/more and more people begin to realize the importance of---(引出主要话题，作文全文的铺垫）ß第二段： This phenomenon is never accidental.(自然过渡，开始阐述个点理由）Firstly/In the first place/first of all/on one hand(阐述一方面理由）secondly/in the second place/on the other hand（阐述另一方面理由）ß第三段：I believe that--- is very important to--/--will help ---(再次指出---的重要性，总结全文） ßThe mental health of college students has recently become a heated topic.----ßThis phenomenon is never accidental. Firstly, mental health is equally important to our daily life.---Secondly, people need professional suggestions to care more about their mental conditions.---Furthermore, university students are in a special adolescence period in which they grow more mature.ßI believe that--- ßA major advantage/disadvantage of advertising on televisionßThe main difference between my college life and my middle school lifeßThe advantages and disadvantages of a part-time jobßWhere to live---in the city or in the country? ßWhich is your pastime ---- watching TV and listening to music or taking part in sports and games?ßDo you prefer to live independently after marriage or continue to live together with your parents? 同一个事物ß第一段，开篇引出对这一事物或做法的不同看法ß第二段，分别阐述这些看法的立足理由及其优劣ß第三段，总结并给出自己的见解 ßNowadays, a lot of people buy books online. Some people may think it is convenient; but others may be concerned about its safety. Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic: Advantages and disadvantages of buying books online ß第一段：---has been a fashion./Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in ---/there is a hot debate over---指出新热点，交代背景）ßFrankly, there are both advantages and disadvantages about---(提出自己的观点，指出各有利弊）ß第二段：Firstly/In the first place/First of all/On one hand---(阐述一方面理由）secondly/in the second place---(阐述另一方面理由）However,there is also a disadvantage about---(介绍不利的一面）ß第三段，As far as I am concerned, I’d prefer to—/To sum up/In one word/In short---(再次重申自己的观点） 两个事物ß第一段：引言句（描述现象或者提问法）引出要比较的两个事物，主题句指出两个事物存在明显差异或不同特点。
ß第二段：直接评述A的主要特点，拓展---ß指出B的主要特点，拓展—ß第三段，通过比较得出倾向性的结论，表明作者态度 ßIn our daily life, we have more and more chance to contact foreigners. Have you ever noticed the difference between American culture and Chinese culture?ßDifference between American culture and Chinese culture in daily life ß第一段，with the reform and opening-up—(指出新热点，交代背景）It is not hard to notice the difference between—In my opinion, their differences outweigh their similarities(指出两者差异，并且说明自己的观点—差异多过相似处）ß第二段，On one hand—On the contrary/on the other hand, Another difference is—ß第三段，From all these cases, we would conclude that there are lots of differences between--- 便条扣分规则ß1，格式（日期，称呼，结尾）：3分ßYours Sincerely(扣一分）ß正确：Yours sincerely,ß2，内容：2分ß3，语言：5分ß关于字数：不到50或超过80，扣1分。
II.内容ß按便条具体内容的各项功能给分. 以2002年的便条要求为例:ßYou have heard that your friend, Jack, wishes to sell his walkman. Write him a note expressing your interest in it, asking him about its condition and offering a price for it.ß本便条内容必须包括以下三项:ß1. Expressing your interest in it.ß2. Asking Jack about its condition.ß3. Offering a price for it.ß缺内容扣分; 语言表达较差扣0.5~1.5; 拼写及语法错误超过3个的扣一分. ßLily, your roommate, is looking for a part-time job in the coming summer vacation. You saw an ad for a private English tutor for a schoolboy. Write her a note, telling her what the job is and strongly recommending it to her.ßMarks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. 1，审题ß1,to whom: Lily, a roommateß2,why: recommendß3,what:an ad about a part-time job and recommending it to Lily ß23rd,AprilßDear Lily,ß I heard that you’re looking for a part-time job in the coming summer vacation. I have just seen an ad for a private English tutor for a schoolboy in my campus. Since you’re good at English and like teaching, I think this job is very suitable for you, because it not only help you earn some money but also practice yourself. So please think about it.ßYours,ßLiming Four partsDateSep. 10, April 21stSalutationDear TomDear Mr. WilliamsDear Schoolmates,/Dear President/Dear Madamebody--Complimentary closeYours,CharlesYours sincerely/sincerely yours,/Faithfully yours,/Yours faithfully 1,邀请类ß日期：右上方ß称呼：另起一行，最左边，朋友或同学可以直呼姓名，不太熟悉的或长辈，职位较高者要加上相应称呼ß下一行写主体部分ß右下方署名 ßYour friend Mary interests in musical performance very much. Occasionally ,you have got two admission cards to the Italian National Band’s performance in the Beijing Grand Theater. Write a note to invite her to the performance . Tell her the exact time, place and other details. ßJuly 1ßDear Mary,ß The Italian National Band will give a performance in the Beijing Grand Theater tomorrow evening.(告知） I think you may like to watch it. If you are interested in it, I will leave you an admission card. The performance will begin at seven o’clock sharp（解释）. If you come with me, I will wait for you at the theater entrance（询问）. Please let me know whether you are prevented from coming or not（确认）.ßJohn 二，接受/谢绝邀请ß日期ß称呼ß感谢邀请ß表示欣然接受邀请并表达热切期待赴约的心情ß署名 ßYour friends, Mr. and Mrs. Kramer, will hold a cocktail party on April 18th. They have sent you the invitation. You are happy to join them. Write a note to accept their invitation and express your appreciation to them. ßApril 15ßDear Mr. & Mrs. Kramer,ßMany thanks for your kind invitation to the cocktail wine party held in your house on April 18th（致谢）. Jane and I are all pleased to attend the party and want to share the happy hour with both of you（取悦）. We are looking forward to seeing you soon（期待）. I hope that the party will go on well（希望）.ßDavid 谢绝ß日期ß称呼ß感谢邀请，并对不能赴约表示遗憾ß解释不能赴约的理由，并致歉ß署名 ßYou are Dr. Smith. Several days ago, your friend, Professor Wang, on behalf of his institution, invited you to give a speech in his department on December 20th. Although you would like to accept it, you are not feeling well recently. Write a note to reject their invitation. ßDecember 15ßDear Prof. Wang,ß I am very fortunate that both you and your institute offer me the honor to give a speech on December 20th in your department（致谢）. Although I would like to accept the invitation（取悦）, I do not feel well in recent days（解释）. So I am sorry to say that I am not lucky enough to make the appointment this time（抱歉）. I wish that I can have that honor next time（留机会）. Have a good time(祝福）.ßDr. Smith 三，祝贺类ß日期ß称呼ß祝贺事件，贺词ß署名 ßYou are Jean. You have got a letter form your friend Eric, which tells you his marriage lately. Write a note to express your heartfelt congratulations and wish a good future to the new couple. ß Feburuary 14ßDear Eric, ß I have just received your letter telling me of your recent marriage.(获悉）This happy event in your life prompts me to offer you my hearty congratulations and good wishes.(祝贺）You are lucky!(取悦）I sincerely wish that peace,health and happiness may attend both you and your wife forever(祝愿）.All in all , I offer my best wishes to you.(期望）ßJean 四，慰问类ß向别人所遭遇的不幸表示慰问，关心ß日期ß称呼ß事件，慰问ß署名 ßYour name is Mary. Your friend Jacobson was not doing well with his business in recent days. Write a note to offer your sympathy and comfort him. ßJuly 25Dear Jacobson, I am sorry to hear that you have not been successful in your recent business.(获悉） Although I am sending you my sympathy（慰问）, I feel you ought not to be unduly distreesed at the result（鼓励）. Right now, you’d better relax and have a good rest（建议）. You are always excellent. I am confident that the situation will be better soon（期望）. Good Luck（祝福）! Mary 五，致歉类ß向对方表示歉意ß道歉原因ß解释ß补救措施 ßYou are Katherine. You have made a meeting with your business partner Sam on Mar 6.Unfortuantely ,you have to be out of town that day. So you want to postpone the date to the same time two days later. Write a note to tell him the delay and make an apology. 六步ß致歉ß解释ß补救ß请求原谅ß再度致歉ß期待回复 ßMarch 3ßDear Sam,ß I am sorry to say that I shall be out of town on business on Mar.6, so I am afraid I will have to postpone our meeting to Friday,Mar.8 at the same hour. I hope that you can still come, and I am regretful for the inconvenience that this postponement brings to you. Please tell me if you can come on Friday.ßKatherine 六，询问类/回复ß询问对方，希望获取信息ß日期ß称呼ß说明询问的原因并征询具体的信息，以及期待回复和提前表示感谢ß署名 ß寒暄ß询问事件ß告知方式ß感激ß期盼 ßYour name is David. You have attended a conference on the pollution issue. During the conference, you heard Samantha’s speech and got interested in her opinions. Write a note to ask for the copy of her speech. ßNovember 1ßDear Samantha,ß Congratulations on your excellent speech at the conference. I am deeply impressed by your unique opinions about the pollution issue. I would be grateful if you do me a favor to send a copy of your speech to me. Thank you very much for your kindness. Hope to hear from you soon.ßDavid 七，留言类ß日期ß称呼ß时间的具体信息ß署名 ßYou are Wang Ming. Today, you went to visit Li Hua, a friend of yours. You heard an American professor would give a speech in your school this Sunday, so you were going to ask Li Hua if he was interested init. However, he was not at home at present. Leave him a note for the whole thing. May 1 Dear Li Hua, Just now I came to your house, while you were out. I want to tell you an important matter that an American professor will give a speech in our school this Sunday. If you would like to listen to the speech, we could go together. Please contact me as soon as possible.Wang Ming 四步ß留言原因 You were outß留言目的 I want to tell you an important matter that---ß详细解释 An American professor will give a speech in our school this Sunday.ß期待答复 Please contact me as soon as possible. 八，告示/广告类ß发布信息/分配工作①日期②称呼③事件及诚挚邀请④署名 ßYou are a member of the school drama group. This Saturday evening, your drama group would give a performance in the school theater. Write a note to tell all those people to come if they would like to. You should tell them all the detailed information about the performance. ßJune 3Dear schoolmates, There will be a performance of our drama group on Saturday evening, June 7, at seven in the school theater. We are prepared for three months for the excellent performance. Every schoolmate who is interested in the performance is welcomed. We are expecting your attendance.The School Drama Group 五步ß告知 There will be a performanceß解释 On Saturday evening, June 7, at seven in the school theater.ß宣传 We have prepared for three months for the excellent performanceß资格 Every schoolmate who is interested in the performance is welcomed.ß希望 we are expecting your attendance. 分析原因类作文分析原因是英语议论文写作的一个常见题型，作文要求考生对这类社会现象或社会问题进行解释。
例如：ßWhy do today’s young people have difficulty in reading and writing?ßWhy is the world getting smaller and smaller? ßWhy has the divorce rate in China increased in recent years? Part IßS (1) Problem (general) （普遍存在的社会现象或社会问题 ）ßS (2) Problem (specific) （某一具体社会现象或具体社会问题 ） Part IIS(3)Topic Sentence 论点句 (作者对这一社会现象或社会问题的基本看法)S(4)Cause I（原因一，解释这一现象或问题的主要原因，客观原因或间接原因)S(5)Supporting Detail 1 （细节1，详细阐述第一个原因）S(6)Supporting Detail 2 （细节2，详细阐述第一个原因）S(7)Cause II（原因二，与第一原因并行，主观原因或直接原因）S(8)Supporting Detail 1 （细节1，具体说明第二原因）S(9)Supporting Detail 2 （细节2，具体说明第二原因） Part III S(10) Conclusion （总结局，提出解决问题的建议或方法） ß叙述理由和分析原因是属于同一类型的英语议论文。
所不同的是后者是解释某一社会现象或社会问题，而前者则解释写作者——我，为什么要干某事或不干某事例如：ßWhy do I prefer to spend most of my time reading? ßWhy is English my favorite subject in college studies? ßWhy have I chosen teaching as my lifelong career? PartⅠ Ⅰ S(1) Topic Sentence （主题句，引出文章要讨论的主题）S(2) Writer’s attitude towards it （论点句，作者对这个主题的基本态度） PartⅡⅡS(3) First Sentence ( more specific ) （承上启下，具体重复S (2)，简略说明持这样态 度的理由）S(4) Reason Ⅰ(具体的理由I一) S(5) Supporting detail (作为细节更具体地论述理由I )S(6) Reason Ⅱ(具体的理由二I ) S(7) Supporting detail (作为细节更具体地论述理由II )S(8) Reason Ⅲ(具体的理由I三) S(9) Supporting detail (作为细节更具体地论述理由III ) Part ⅢⅢ S(10) Conclusion (全文的总结) (Taking all these into account , it is small wonder that…) 比较型议论文有两种写法两种写法: 一是运用比较的手段来阐述自己的观点.例如： ØWhere to live --- in the city or in the country? ØDo you prefer to live independently after marriage or continue to live together with your parents? ØWhich is your pastime ---- watching TV and listening to music or taking part in sports and games? 显然，这种类型的作文，要求学生在比较所讨论的两个事物的优缺点时，有自己的观点，有自己的倾向。
在具体写作时，对赞成的事物，其优点要多写详写，而对其缺点要少写，甚至略过；而对反对的事物，其优点要少写略写，一笔带过，对其缺点则要不惜笔墨，大写特写这样处理，作者的观点才能得以体现这种作文可有两种结构两种结构: 1, A1A2A3---B1B2B3 整体比较法整体比较法;2, A1B1--- A2 B2---A3B3 分项比较法分项比较法; 。