单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,,,*,,,,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,,,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,*,,*,,,,,,,,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,*,,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,*,,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,*,,*,,定语从句,,专项复习,定语从句复习思路,1.定语从句分类,,2,.,关系词,,3,.,关系代词,及要记住的,特殊情况,,4,.,主谓一致,,5,.,关系副词,及,介词+关系代词,中介词的选择,,6,.,限制性定语从句和,非限制性定语从句,的比较,,7,.,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,,8,.as,引导定语从句用法,,,定语从句复习,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause,,限制性定语从句,,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause,,非限制性定语从句,,限制性定语从句,The man,who lives next to us,sells vegetables.,,You must do everything,that I do.,,I have found the book,which I lost.,,I visited the school,where I studied.,关系代词,,关系副词,注意事项:,,1.从句的位置,:,,2.翻译方法,:,,3.构成：,,先行词,,之后,“,…,.,的”,关系词,,,指人,指物,主语,宾语,that,,,,,which,,,,,who,,,,,whom,,,,,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,,,指人,指物,主语,宾语,that,,,,,which,,,,,who,,,,,whom,,,,,关系代词的用法,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,×,,×,,×,,×,,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做,宾语,时可以省略,whose=of which/ whom,关系代词的用法练习,1.,The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.,,,2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.,,,3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.,,,,4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.,,,,5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot.,,,The eggs,(that/which),I bought,them,were not fresh.,The friend,who/ that,,he,came to supper last night was not hungry.,He prefers the cheese,that / which it,comes from his parent’s farm.,The noodles,( which/ that ),you cooked,them,were delicious.,I don’t like the people,that / who they,smoke a lot.,,,,,,Exercises,1. The books _____ I borrowed from the library was newly published.,,2. The ID card _____ I lost last week was found in a supermarket.,,3. The newspapers ____ we have collected will be recycled.,,4. Most of the cars ____ were stolen have not been found yet.,,5. The students ____ are visiting the natural museum are very interested in the dinosaurs.,,that,which,which,which,who,1) A plane is a machine ________________ can fly.,,2) The car _________ my uncle bought last week,,was stolen.,,3) The students _________ don’t study hardwill not,,pass the exam.,,4) The woman ______________ you saw inthe park,,is our English teacher.,which/that,which/that,who/that,whom/that,The house __________ we live in is very old.,,Those are the shoes __________ I lost last week.,,That is the man __________ found my handbag.,,Lucy can’t eat food __________ has chocolate in it.,,The car __________ my uncle bought last month is,,very beautiful.,,,which/ that,,which/ that,,who/ that,,which/ that,,which/ that,6. The village _________ Guo Peng lives in is very far away.,,7. The boy________ is wearing the black jacket is very,clever.,,8. I hate people __________ talk much but do little.,,9. The detective found the thieves __________ robbed the,,Bank of Hawaii.,,10. My aunt works in a university __________ has over five,,thousand students.,,which/ that,,who/ that,,who/ that,,who/ that,,which/ that,Is this pen ___________ you bought ?,,Is this the pen ________ you bought?,the one that,that,只用that的：,1.,先行词是,指物,的不定代词，用that不用which,,all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing,,,everything, the one,等时。
I didn't understand the words all that he said.,,(先行词是指人的不定代词：,,everyone，anyone...反而多用who）,,Anyone who leaves the room last ought to,,turn off the light.,2.先行词由最高级、序数词所修饰This is the most beautiful place that I have been to.,,,3. 当先行词被the only, few，any，little，no，all，every，the very 等词修饰He is the only person that is reliable.,,4.先行词既包括人，也包括物They always like to talk about the man and the,,things that they see on the road.,,5. 当主句是以which 或who 开头的特殊疑问句时Who is the man that opened up the lab.,,,6.当先行词在从句中做表语,或关系代词在从,,句中做表语时。
that 可以省）,,He is not the man that he used to be.,,,7.以There be…开头，先行词,为物,时用that,,There is a room in the building that is still free.,,,,8. That 在从句中做介词宾语，介词不能前置,,Here is the car,that,I told you,about,.,,这就是我和你谈过的那辆汽车Fill in the blanks:,,1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle,,_______ were in the fields.,,2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _______ is in,,front of our school gate.,,3.This is the very thing ______ I was looking for.,,4.This is the second novel ______ I have ever read.,,5.There is nothing in the world,__,_ can frighten,,me.,,6.Who is the man _______ is reading under the tree?,,,that,that,that,that,that,that,用which的：,1.非限制性定语从句用which,,He was very crude to the customs officer, which of,,course made things even worse.,,2.介词后,指物,用which。
Do you know the boy to whom I spoke just now.,,3.当先行词本身是that或是those且,指物,时,,Paul has found that which he lost yesterday.,,4. 如有两个定语从句，其中前一句用关系代词that,,则后一句应用whichLet me show you the novel that I borrowed from,,the library which was newly open to us.,,用who的：,1.先行词是one,ones, anyone,,those,指人,时用who,,Those,who,want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.,,2.先行词是人，后面有较长修饰语时用who,,Do you know the teacher in blue with a book in his,,hand who is standing at the gate?,,3.以There be…开头，先行词,为人,，常用who,,There is a pretty girl who wants to see you.,,4.先行词是I, you, he, they等时（多用于谚语中）,,He who doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a true man.,,5.介词前置时只,用whom,。
In the dark forest, there was not a single person to,,whom she could turn for help.,6. 一个句子中指人的先行词有时带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用that，另一个则多用whoThe boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.,难用的,whose,The house is mine.,,The window of the house is broken.,The house,whose,window is broken is mine.,,whose=the house’s,window,The house is mine.,the window of which,is broken,of which the window,is broken,主谓一致问题,1.先行词决定从句谓语动词的数,“,one of＋,可数名词复数,”,引导的定语从句,而,“,one of＋,可数名词复数,谓语动词应用复数,,而,“,one of＋,可数名词复数,”,前有,the，only,或,the only,,修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数。
He is,one of the students,who,study,very hard at school.,He is,the,,(only/the only) one,of the students who,studies,very hard at school,关系副词和先行词的关系,I still remember,the day,,when,I came here.,,,,This is,the house,,where,I lived last year.,,,,,There are many,reasons,,why,people like traveling.,,,,I don’t like,the way,,that,you speak.,,,on,the day =,when,in,the house=,where,for,the reasons =,why,in,the way =,that,关系副词实际上是,介词＋先行词,1.,I’ll never forget the days__________ we,worked,together.,,,,2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we,spent,together.,,,,,3.I went to the place,,I,worked,ten years ago.,,,,4.I went to the place _____________ I,visited,ten years ago.,,,,5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late.,,,,6.,This is the reason _____________________ he,gave,.,,,when /in which,which,where/ in which,which,why/ for which,that/which,几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋,which”,引导定从注意,,1,介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素,,A.,与先行词的搭配关系,,1,）,I will never forget the day _____________ I,,joined the army.,,2) I will never forget the days ____________ I,,worked in the school.,,3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son,,went to college.,,4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday____________,,most people had had supper.,on which,during which,in which,by which,B.,与从句谓语动词的搭配习惯,,1）,Have you found the book ____________ I paid,,29 US dollars?,,2) Have you found the book _____________ I spent29 US dollars?,,3) Have you found the book _____________ we,,learnt a lot?,,4) Have you found the book ____________ she,,often talks?,,for which,on which,from which,about which,当关系代词作,look after, look for,等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短语的宾语时,,,介词不可以提前。
固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前,.,,常见的这类动词短语有,:,,look for/after/forward to,,,care for(,照顾，喜欢）,,hear of/about/from, take care of,等,.,,This is the right place I’m,looking for.,,The girl whom he is,looking after,is his sister.,,用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句1. I disagree with the facts ______ which your argument is based.,,2. The song, ______ which he was interested, will never be heard again.,,3. This is the reason ______ which he often comes to school late.,,4. I will never forget the way ______ which my teacher taught me.,,5. This is the hero ______ whom we are proud.,on,,in,,for,in,of,6. I want to find the very pen ______ which I wrote that letter.,,7. They are the students ______ whom our teachers are thinking highly.,,8. It is important to choose good friends ______ whom you can share your feelings and thoughts.,,9. It will not be necessary to name the person ______ whom the card belongs.,,10. I would always like to do business with those people ________ whom I can rely.,with,of,,with,to,on / upon,Fill in the blanks.,,1. I still remember the day _________ we spent in,,the forest.,,2. I still remember the day ____________ I first,,came to Beijing.,,3. The factory _________ we will visit is large.,,4. The factory ____________ his father works is large.,,5. I’ll never forget the time _____________ we work,,on the farm.,,6. This is the house ____________ we lived last year.,that/which,when/on which,that/which,where/in which,when/at which,where/in which,归纳,:,关系副词,when,指时间,,,关系副词,where,指地点,,,,在定语从句中作状语。
即使先行词是时间地点,,,若,,作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词,that, which.,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful.,,Kenli,,,where I live,,,is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.,,Mr Wang,,,who is kind,,,is popular with the students,.,,形式,作用,能否省略,翻译,限制性定语从句,,,,,非限制性定语从句,,,,,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful.,,Kenli,,,where I live,,,is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.,,Mr Wang,,,who is kind,,,is popular with the students,.,,形式,作用,,翻译,限制性定语从句,,,,,非限制性定语从句,,,,,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,能,不能,…,.,的,能否省略,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.He failed in the exam,.,_______ made his parents angry.,,3.He failed in the exam,,,_______made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons,.,Both of ________ are teachers.,,5.He has two sons,,,both of ________ are teachers.,,This,which,,whom,them,×,,that,as,引导的非限制性定语从句,The earth is round._____ is known to all.,,,The earth is round,_____ is known to all.,,,_____ is known to all, the earth is round,,,______ is known to all,that,,the earth is round.,It,which,,/ as,,As,It,as,具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：,,as,you know/,as,you see/,as,we planned/,,as,we expected,定语从句在句首时只能用,as,,as,引导的非限制性定语从句,(1),This is the same pen,as,I lost.,,,,This is the same pen,that,I lost.,Please compare:,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。
这本书就是我丢的那本as,引导的限制性定语从句,(2),This is,such,an interesting book ____ we all like.,,This is,so,interesting a book _____ we all like.,,,,This is,such,an interesting book ____we all like,it,.,,This is,so,interesting a book ____we all like,it,.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书定语从句,),这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢结果状语从句,),关于,as,引导定语从句的问题,,,as,引导定语从句主要用于非限制性定语从句和,the same…as,，,such…as,，,as…as,的结构中1.,as,与,which,都可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，并代表前面整个句子或主句中的表语He married the girl,，,as(which)was natural.,,He seemed a foreigner,as(which)in fact he was.,不同的是：,as,引导的定语从句可以前置，而,which,不行。
As was natural, he married the girl.,This is such an interesting book ____ we,,all like.,,This is so interesting a book ___ we all,,like.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书定语从句,This is such an interesting book ____we all like,it,.,,This is so interesting a book ____we all like,it,.,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢结果状语从句,定语从句与同位语从句的区分：,1.,作用不同定语从句是修饰和限制某一名词和代词的从句，同位语从句则是补充说明某一名词，表示该名次具体内容的从句2.,功能不同定语从句中关系词在从句中充当句子成分；同位语从句则由连词,that,引导，引导词不充当任何成分The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.,,The news that he lost his first match was really disappointing.,Finish the attributive clauses below:,1. The lesson __________ we studied yesterday was hard to understand.,,2. You can take any book ____ interests you best.,that,which / that,Revision,3. People like to live in a place _____ there’s fresh air and little noise.,,4. The girl __________ you saw at the meeting is a well-known swimmer.,,5. He is the very worker _____ picture we saw in the newspaper yesterday.,,6. He was very happy on the day ______________ he entered the university.,where,,whom / that,/who,whose,on which,when /,7,.,Alice received an invitation from her boss, _____ came as a surprise.,,8,.,The weather turned out to be very good, _____ was more than we could expect.,,9,.,__ is expected, the England team won the football match.,As,which,which,1,0.,Is that the student _______,__,you lent,,your dictionary?,to whom,在介词后面，指事物用,which,，指人用,whom,1. George Orwell __ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name,Exercises,D,2. Anyway, that evening, ___ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. A. when B. where C. what D. which,D,3. What surprised me was not what he said but _______ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which,A,,4. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ___ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which,D,5. The English play ___ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which,6. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ___ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which,,C. its price D. the price of whose,7.The two things ___ they felt very proud were Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.,,A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which,8. She is a teacher of much knowledge, __ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom,,9. I have bought two ball pens, ___ writes well. A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them,,,Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.,,2. My mother has a good book,,,which cover looks terrible.,,3. This is the very pen that you gave it,,to me before.,,4. There is an old woman, that is holding,,a stick.,———,whom,———,whose,\,——,who,5. I’m using the pen which he bought it,,yesterday.,,6. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.,,7. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never forget.,∧,to,that,/which,8. I’m going to work in the hospital where needs me.,,,9. Those that haven’t been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.,that/which,who,10. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.,gives,11. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.,,,12.The bike by which I travelled was his.,as,on,,13. This is the place where we visited many times during the past ten years.,,,14. They have decided to stay at home, that is, I think, a wise choice.,,15. The day will come which the people all over the world will enjoy true freedom.,where → that / which,或去掉,where,that → which,which → when,16. He is a man of great experience, from who we can learn much.,,17. Antarctic, which we know very little, is covered with thick ice all the year round.,,18. It was a meeting which importance I didn’t realize at that time.,which → whose,who → whom,which,前或,little,后加,about,1. (2007,山东,) We are just to reach a point ___both sides will sit down together and talk.,,A where B that C when D which,,Key:,A,,,解析：,本句中先行词,a point= a stage in sth's development,表发展的阶段，地步，为抽象地点，故选关系副词,where,引导定语从句。
真题解析,2. The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.,,,A,、,until B,、,that C,、,when D,、,where,,key:,C,,,解析：,本题考察定语从句，主句中的先行词,the hours,被其它成分分割，只要考生能够认清真正的先行词，就不难得出答案，,the hours,表示时间，所以应该选择一个表示时间的关系副词，即,when,1. [2007,山东卷,] —Where did you get to know her?,,—It was on the farm ___ we worked.,,A. that B. there C. which D. where,,2. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ___ wanted to buy it. [2007,安徽卷,],,A. none of them B. both of them,,C. none of whom D. neither of whom,D,D,3. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___ she needed to decide what to do. [2007,江西卷,],,A. that B. what C. which D. where,,4. Today, we,’,ll discuss a number of cases,,____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. [2007,陕西卷,],,A. which B. as C. why D. where,D,D,5. Those successful deaf dancers think,,that dancing is an activity ____ sight,,matters more than hearing.,,[2007,天津卷,],,A. when B. whose,,C. which D. where,D,6. Human facial expressions differ,,from those of animals in the degree,,____ they can be controlled on,,purpose. [2007,重庆卷,],,A. with which B. to which,,C. of which D. for which,B,6. The girl ____ is taking care of the baby is my,,aunt’s baby-sitter.,,7. All the women _____ were working in that factory,,had a day off on Women’s Day.,,8.,吉姆住的房间看起来很漂亮,,The room _________________ looks very nice.,,9.,那就是刚才偷我钱包的那个人.,,That is the man ___________________________.,,10.,昨天抢银行的小偷被抓住了,,The,,thieves _______________________ were caught.,,11. He talked happily about the men and books____,,__________ interested him greatly in the school.,who,who,which Jim lives in,who stole my purse just now,who robbed the bank yesterday,that,Corrections:,,1. The man just said hello to me is my chemistry,,teacher.,,,,who,2. Who is the man you just shook hands with him.,,3. Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.,( where,which,),4. This is the best dictionary which I have ever used.,( which,that,),5. The house where we live in is not very large.,( where,which/that,),6. The house that it was built in 1970 stayed up in,,the earthquake.,,1. That book that you want,it,is on the desk.,,2. Is this factory that we visited last week?,the one,This factory is,the one,that we visited last week.,3. He is the person for whom you are looking.,,,,,for,4. The person to whom you talked is Lily.,,,,The person whom you talked to is Lily.,,归纳：,1,定语从句要避免成分重复,,,2,定语从句要避免漏用先行词,,,,3,含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,。