英语语法学习,Grammar For IELTS,,没有语法基础 （1）阅读中读不懂长难句 （2）听力中听不懂长难句 （3）口语中讲不出有高水平语法结构的话(4 ) 写作中只懂写简单句，不懂复合句或长难句,雅思阅读,,雅思写作,,Grammar & vocabulary,Grammar 无规矩不成方圆Vocabulary 巧妇难为无米之炊Reading ＞ ＞ ＞Writing Listening ＞ ＞ ＞Speaking,语法的主流趋势,,,请发email给我 喂狗喝水 我流口水了 点燃希望 你不要骗我,Email me please,Water the dog,My mouth is watering,light up the darkness,Don’t Clinton me.,动词化语法无绝对， 词性无绝对语法学习要建立语境意识,我要喝点东西 I want a drink.a water, a beer, a coffee创新是必须的 Innovation is a must. 语法在“进化”,语法的主流趋势,,,1. 句子成分： 主谓宾+定状补 2. 简单句：五大基本句型 3. 并列句 4. 复合句： 宾语从句，定语从句，状语从句 5. 动词四类和五大基本时态,,第一讲 主要句子成分—主谓宾,S+V+O 我爱你。
I love you. I love you.Subject(主语) + Verb(谓语） +Object（宾语）,主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示 但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面Exercise: 找出下列句子的主语 During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. We often speak English in class. One-third of the students in this class are girls. Smoking does harm to the health. The rich should help the poor. There are many children in the garden. Who cares?To swim in the river is a great pleasure. It is necessary to master a foreign language.,To swim in the river is a great pleasure.,to do 做主语 打招呼很容易 To say hello is easy.to do 做主语，常用it做形式主语。
It is easy to say hello.,It is necessary to master a foreign language.,,When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.,When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.,句子做主语=主语从句 That he is still alive is a wonder. Whether they would support us was a problem. How this happened is not clear to anyone. What we need is money. 形式主语代主语从句 It is ……,写作口语万能句型 It is easy to do A, but you’ll find it difficult to do B. 恋爱容易，婚姻不易，且行且珍惜 生存容易，生活不易，且行且珍惜 学习容易，学懂不易，且行且珍惜Being in love is easy, being married is not. It is to be cherished.--BBC,谓语--说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后 找出下面句子的谓语 He drinks milk every morning. You jump, I jump. You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. We are students.,谓语可以是行为动词情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形 系动词 如 am, is , are,,及物动词，直接跟宾语，如eat, drink, know, play, watch,不及物动词，可以不直接跟宾语，如 jump, sit, stand, think, sleep, wait, die, fight, run, live,,谓语动词单一性原则 ：在一个句子中，有且只有一个 谓语动词 I am a student study economics. (×) I am a student studying economics (√) 非谓语动词 ： 现在分词 V-ing过去分词 V-ed(P.P.)不定式 to do,,宾语 表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
Exercise: 找出下列句子的宾语 They went to see an exhibition yesterday.The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. They helped the old with their housework yesterday. He pretended not to see me.I enjoy listening to popular music.I think（that）he is fit for his office.,名词,代词,数词,名词化形容词,不定式短语,动名词短语,宾语从句,句子做宾语=宾语从句 The boy believes me. The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party. None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.,将下列简单句改成宾语从句 1. He has gone to Hunan. I forgot that_______ . 2. She said, “They are waiting for a bus.“ She said that__________________. 3. Whose bag is it? Do you know _______ . 4. What will you do? He asked _______ . 5. Who teaches you maths? He asked me _______ . 6. I have seen him. I remembed that _______ . 完成句子 1. I wanted to know_______________________________(她在和谁交谈) 2He said_______________________________________(他以前见过我) 3 I'm sorry for__________________________________(我所做的事),he had gone to Hunan.,they were waiting for a bus.,whose bag it is?,what you would do.,who taught me maths.,I had seen him.,whom she was talking with,he had seen me before,what I have done,4． The teacher asked______________________________(谁能回答这个问题) 5． Jane said that__________________________________(她将乘飞机去那里) 6． I wanted to know_______________________________(她是否有一些钱) 7． We haven't decided____________________________(我们下一步该做什么) 8． I think that English is___________________________(没有数学难) 9． I‘m not sure___________________________________(明天天气是否晴朗) 10．He asked me__________________________________(是如何处理这件事的) 11．Do you know_________________________________(是否要下雨) 12．I wanted to know______________________________(她是否来还是不来),who could answer the question,she would go there by plane,if/whether she had any money,what we should do next,not so difficult as maths,whether she would come or not,if it is going to rain,what I did with the matter,if/whether it will be sunny tomorrow,（1） Lend me your dictionary, please. S + Vt + O1 + O2 双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）（2） They elected him their monitor. S + Vt + O + C 复合宾语（宾语+宾补）,找出下面句子的宾语补足语 His father named him Dongming. They painted their boat white. Let the fresh air in. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. We saw her entering the room. We found everything in the lab in good order. We will soon make our city what your city is now.,名词,形容词,副词,不定式短语,现在分词,介词短语,从句,次要句子成分---定语定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
定语可由以下等成分表示： Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词） China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词） There are thirty women teachers is our school.（名词） His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词） Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语） The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词） He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语） The last thing that students want to do is perhaps to take tests.（定语从句）,。