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1、名词性从句1名词性从句：在句子中起到一个名词的作用，并充当句子的主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。分别称之为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键。判断依据：1. 看在从句中有无具体意义；2. 看在从句中有无充当成分。如有，是充当什么成分常见的关联词：which, how, why, whenever, what, whether who, when, whom, whose, that，whatever, whoever, where, whomever, wherever，whichever，if，however一、名词性从句的关联词的分类、词义
2、和用法见下表：类别词义在从句中的作用连接词_无任何词义仅起连接作用，不作成分连接词_是否起连接作用，不作成分连接代词_有各自含义引导从句，并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语连接副词_有各自含义引导从句，在从句中作状语二、从句中that和what的区别连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而what在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。表“的东西/事情/样子/的话/的地方”，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。 1. I wonder if this is _you are looking for. 2. Our school i
3、s quite different from _ it was before. 3. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer. 4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind. 5._the earth is round is known to us all. 6. Is _ he told us true ? 7. I have no doubt _ he will come. 8. I have no idea _
4、he did that afternoon. 三、who 与 whoever ；what 与 whateverwhoever, whatever等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而who, what等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。1._ was said here must be kept secret.2. _we need is more time.3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.4._ breaks the law will be punished. 四、that 引导同位语从句
5、与that 引导定语从句的区别引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义, 不作从句的任何成分, 而引导定语从句的that 从句的某个成分。He told me the news that our team won the match. (同位语从句)He told me the news that was very exciting. (定语从句)五、if 与whether1. 主语从句：whether引导主语从句位于句首,if引导主语从句不能位于句首Whether we will succeed is still a question.It is not known if he will com
6、e.2. 表语从句：只能用whether ，if不能引导表语从句The problem is whether the film is worth seeing.3. 宾语从句：whether 与if 有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether介词后的宾语从句Everything depends on whether it is fine tomorrow.whetheror not的宾语从句I dont know whether or not shell like it. 复合不定式只能用whether Tell us whether to go or stay here. 六、在have
7、no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.七、it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型1it作形式主语的常用句型(1)It系动词形容词 (necessary/right/likely/unlikely/ wrong/ important/ certain等)that从句(2)Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)that从句(3)Itbe过去分词(said/told/reported/
8、decided等)that从句(4)It特殊动词(seems, appears, happens, matters)that从句(5)It doesnt matter who/whether/if等从句2it作形式宾语的常用句型动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe, guess, suppose, assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。八、有用的句型1. 的原因是1) The reason for + 名词 + is that2) The reason why + 句子 + is that他缺席的原因是他。
9、1) The reason for his absence is that2) The reason why he was absent is that2. This / That / It is + where / why / how / because, 表示具体的地点、原因、方式1)这就是我们为什么应该保持健康的原因。 This is why we should keep healthy.2) 这就是我停车的地方。 This is where I parked my car.过关强练：.用正确的关联词填空1. 我的问题是我没有时间和他交流。My problem is_ I have no
10、 time to communicate with him.2. 问题是这本书是否值得一读。The problem is_ this book is worth reading.3. 她没有去上学的原因是她生病了。The reason_ she didnt go to school was_ she was ill.4. 我的意见是你不该一个人去。My opinion is_ you shouldnt go alone.5. 今天的中国已不是过去的样子了。China today is no longer_ she used to be.6. 那是因为这两兄弟想要打赌。Thats_ the tw
11、o brothers wanted to make a bet.7. 我的建议是我们明天应该早点出发。My suggestion is_ we (should) set off early tomorrow.用宾语从句或表语从句完成下列句子1a. Where is the post office？b. He doesnt know that.He doesnt know_.2a. How should we do the work？b. Did she say anything about it?Did she say anything about _？3a. Will that man tu
12、rn up in time？b. Its a question.The question is_ 4a. Yesterdays game makes me feel excited.Yesterdays game is _.5a. He told me something that I should read.He told me _.用主语从句改写下列句子1a. Is he coming or not？ b. It is still uncertain.It is still uncertain _.2a. Why did he do it？ b. It remains a mystery.
13、_ remains a mystery?3a. Something controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. b.It is pretty well understood.It is pretty well understood_4a. Such a thing happened in your class. b. It was a pity._5 The thing that you need is more practice._.用同位语从句改写下列句子1a. They are familiar with the opinion. b. All matter consists of atoms.They are familiar with the opinion_.2a. Where did you get the idea？ b. I coul
