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1、,选修 8,英语教学课件系列,Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors,Using Language,The work on early people depends on the dates given to the bones that are found. If the dates are wrong, all the data about early people may also be wrong. So Zhou Heping is very interested to find out how archaeologists make sure that thei
2、r dates are accurate.,Listening and discussing,yogurt pots,orange skin,wastepaper,used envelopes,1 Listen to Part 1 of the tape and try to understand “the wastepaper basket” diagram on the right and fill in the layers.,It uses radioactivity to measure the amount of _ in living things. The _ in a dea
3、d body _ at a _ rate. We know how long that takes, so we can measure the amount of _ and _ how old a bone is.,carbon,carbon,disappears,fixed,carbon,work out,2 Listen to Part 2 and complete the passage below.,3 Look at this archaeological drawing of a section showing buildings at different times and
4、work out the order in which they were built. Write your answer below and check with your partner. Remember to give a reason for your answer in your discussion.,The oldest building is B because it has no layers underneath it. The second oldest building is C because it has no layer underneath it. That
5、 layer is the remains of the building in B. The most recent building is building A. It has two layers underneath. They are the remains of buildings B and C.,ZH: How can you tell how old bones are when you find them?,LISTENING TEXT(P42),DATING METHODS,Zhou Heping has come to ask the archaeologist, Ri
6、chard Leakey, how he dates the bones he finds. Part 1,RL: There are two main ways: the first uses layers in the ground and the second uses the radiocarbon dating. ZH: How does the layer method work? RL: Well, Look at the diagram in your book. Think of your wastepaper basket. When you came into work,
7、you threw the orange skin into it. Thats layer number 1. Later somebody threw yogurt pots into it. Thats layer number 2. ZH: Oh yes, and then I threw some paper into it. So thats layer number 3. RL: Yes, and finally someone threw some used envelopes. So how many layers are there in this wastepaper b
8、asket?,ZH: There are four RL: Good. Now which layer is the first and therefore the oldest? ZH: The orange skin. RL: And which is the last and therefore the most recent? ZH: Of course -the used envelopes. I see how it works now. But how does it help?,RL: Well, layers of soil are produced at different
9、 times like the layers in your wastepaper basket. Each time people live somewhere, they make a layer in the soil. If they live there for a long time, they make a lot of layers. Each layer has a different colour and texture which we use to find out how old it is. ZH: How splendid!,ZH: Now what about
10、radiocarbon dating? RL: This is more scientific. It uses the radioactivity to measure the amount of carbon in living things. The carbon in a deadbody disappears at a fixed rate. We know how long that takes, so we can measure the amount,Part 2,of carbon and work out how old a bone is. ZH: Thats very
11、clever. Is it accurate too? RL: There are some problems with very old bones, so you are always given two dates. ZH: How does that work?,RL: Well, the date for a bone may be between 9,900 years and 10,100 years old. ZH: I see! How old are the bones from the Zhoukoudian Caves? RL: They are between 250
12、,000 and 400,000 years old. ZH: Perhaps we could visit the site together sometime? RL: Of course. Whenever you like!,THE FEAST: 18,000 BC,北京人生活想象图,北京猿人的化石首次发现于1927年 1929年12月2日发现第一个完整的头盖骨 到1937年已发现的北京人的头盖骨共5个。 1941年12月太平洋战争爆发后,在几个美 国人手里弄得下落不明。 1966年又发现一个残破的头盖骨。 总共发现了属于40多个个体的北京人化 石。时间距今约七十万年至二十万年。,北
13、京 人, 能够制造和使用劳动工具 能使用天然火 摆脱了杂交的婚姻形态 生活艰苦,寿命比较短暂,北京猿人的特征,北京人使用过的石器,北京人石器制作法,山顶洞人, 距今时间:18000年前 地点:北京周口店龙骨山山顶洞穴 体形:同现代人大体一样,脑容量： 13001500毫升 生产和生活： 开始采用磨制和钻孔技术制造石器、骨 器制造骨针,缝制兽皮衣服产生了原始 宗教仪式过着氏族公社的生活,山 顶 洞 人 头 骨,山顶洞人,Draw the main idea of each paragraph.,Scanning,Para 1. Lala worried about the preparation
14、s for the feast and she hoped the feast could be as good as the one last year.,Para 2. Lala and her families made preparations for the feast.,Para 3. the description of Dahu.,Para 4. how did Dahu make tools.,This text is mainly an imaginative story about a family feast of _. A. a girl B. a man C. a
15、girl of the earliest people D. a modern girl 2. From the first paragraph, we can learn that the family groups lived on _. A. fish B. crops C. hunting D. farming,C,C,Choose the best answer.,3. Lalas guests came to _. A. dance B. talk about an important thing C. enjoy a feast D. see Lala 4. Dahu went
16、out to sharpen the scrapers to _. A. kill an enemy B. use them as weapons C. scrape the fish D. cut stones,C,C,5. From the text we can infer that family groups _. A. lived together B. lived far away C. lived in the same cave D. lived separately,D,1. Who works cooperatively and who does tasks alone? Both men and women work cooperatively. For example, Lalas mother and aunts were pre
