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1、Unit 1,Text A American Characters,Text B What American Consumers Like,Text A：American Characters,If you choose to study or live in America, it will help a lot to get some idea of the main cultural differences before your departure. The following list may help you better understand American culture a
2、nd American characters. Individualism Remember, individualism is deeply rooted in American culture. Many Americans believe the ideal person is independent and self-reliant, and they like to think of themselves this way. People in the US do not just think of themselves as representatives of their fam
3、ilies, communities, or social class. Some international students consider this a “selfish” attitude but you will see examples of this individualism reflected in the classroom. Teachers expect students to be independent and individualistic, work alone and produce original work. Informality People in
4、the US treat one another very informally, even when there are great differences in age or social status. This is not through a lack of respect, but simply the custom in the United States. Americans do tend to be more informal than people from other cultures. It is not unusual for them to wear causal
5、 clothing to school and to greet professors by their first name. However, good manners and politeness are always appropriate.,课文,Personal Space The concept of personal “space” varies from culture to culture, but Americans seem to require more personal space than people in other cultures. If you get
6、a little too close to an American during your conversation, he or she will feel uncomfortable and will probably back away. People expect others to be at least an arms length away from them. If you get closer than this, people will move away from you. This is not because they dislike you, but simply
7、because you are “in their space”. You do not have to touch people to make them nervous. In general, you should try to avoid physical contact, since this may lead to discomfort. Unless you know the person very well, avoid putting your arms around their shoulder, touching their face, or holding their
8、hand. Shaking hands when two people meet or depart is acceptable, but the contact lasts only a short while as a show of politeness. Also, you will often hear people say,“ Excuse me,” although they have not actually touched anyone; it is part of the traditional politeness that requires people to say
9、“Please” and “Thank You”. No matter where you are, give people plenty of space and observe this custom of politeness. Socializing Americans are fond of social gatherings; so dont be surprised if you get invited to someones home, or to join them in an activity. By all means accept their invitation. H
10、owever, if you are busy, you may decline the invitation, but politely suggest that another time would be better. Your host will not be annoyed.,For a casual dinner invitation, do not arrive more than 5 minutes early, because your host may still be busy with preparation. Arriving more than 10 minutes
11、 late is considered impolite, particularly if it is only a small gathering. It is a good idea to bring the host a bottle of wine, some fruits, candy, a small potted plant or, maybe, a bunch of flowers (but not roses as these tend to be associated with romance). If you wish to thank the host for his
12、or her invitation, it is acceptable to phone or send a brief written “Thank You” note the next day. Tipping Tipping is only necessary in restaurants offering table service. You do not tip the cashier in a fast food restaurant. Restaurants do not normally include a service charge in the bill, unless
13、you are paying by Credit Card, so you should tip the waiter about 15% of the total bill. However, the quality of service may not be the same everywhere, so its up to you how much you tip. There are still other differences in the American character, its culture and social customs, which are not all c
14、overed here. Once you arrive in America and after you have lived there, you will find many more to add to this list. (676 words),New Words character n.性格，个性；特征;人物 departure n.离开；出发 *individualism n.个人主义；利己主义 ideal a.理想的；完美的 n.理想 independent a.独立的；自主的 *self-reliant a.依靠自己的；信赖自己的 *representative n. 典型
15、；代表 a. 象征的；代表的 *reflect v.反射，反映；表达，表现 *individualistic a.个人主义的；利己主义的 *informality n.非正式；不拘礼仪 informally ad.非正式地；非正规地 lack n./ v.缺乏；缺少 custom n.风俗；习俗；惯例 unusual a.不寻常的；奇异的；独特的 casual a.偶然的；随便的 clothing n.(集合)衣服,生词,manners n.（复数）习惯；风俗；社交行为 concept n.观念；概念 require vt.需要；要求 physical a.身体的；物质的；物理的 observe v.看；观察；遵守（规则等） *decline v.婉拒；变弱；（指太阳等）落下 n. 逐渐变弱；衰落 annoy
