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1、专题十二 特殊句式及其它,怎么考 此专题是语法填空及短文改错的冷考点，侧重考查倒装、强调及主谓一致。 怎么学 在平时的阅读练习中，注意体会倒装句、强调句、省略句的用法。 怎么解 1.掌握基本句型，以不变应万变；2.拓宽思维，注意变式与特殊形式；3.辨别考查的综合性和情景性。,.体验考向 单句语法填空 1.(2015全国卷)This cycle_(go) day after day. 2.(2015全国卷)Yangshuo _ (be) really beautiful. 3.(2015湖南卷)It was when we were returning home _ I realized wha
2、t a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.,4.(2015重庆卷)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized. 5.(2014全国卷)It_(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 6.(2014湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart _ you k
3、eep good relationships with others. 7.(2014陕西卷)No sooner_ Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.,答案 1.goes 主语是this cycle，且此处表示目前的情况，所以用goes。 2.is 阳朔真的很漂亮。此处是客观陈述，故应该使用一般现在时。 3.that 考查强调句。句意：正是当我们回家的时候，我意识到帮助那些困难中的人是多么好的感受。 4.that 考查强调句型。句意：巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪初他的音
4、乐才能才得到完全认可。强调句式its.that.，此处强调的是时间状语not until the early 19th century。,5.was 叙述的是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，由于主语是It，因此此处谓语用was。 6.will 考查倒装。句意：只有当你能找到内心的安宁时，你才能与他人保持良好的关系。题干为only状语(从句)位于句首所引起的倒装，主句应用部分倒装结构，且根据语境，此处表将来的情况，故应用将来时态。 7.had 考查倒装。句意：莫言一登上舞台，观众就报以雷鸣般的掌声。no sooner.than.一就，no sooner所在的句子用过去完成时，位于句首时要把ha
5、d提前构成部分倒装。,.考点集训 集训 完成句子 1.(2014大纲全国卷)Not only _(护士想) a pay increase，they want reduced hours as well. 2.(2014湖南卷)Its not doing the things we like，but liking the things we have to do _(让生活快乐). 3.(2014福建卷)The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，_(如果有)，reaching 30 in summer.,4.(2013天津
6、卷)_(直到将近信的结尾) she mentioned her own plan. 5.(2013浙江卷)There are some health problems that，_(如果不及时处理)，can become bigger ones later on. 6.(2013江西卷)_(如果有人要求) look after luggage for someone else，inform the police at once.,7.When we _(的确犯错误)，we must correct it fully，openly and as quickly as possible. 8.At
7、 the top of the hill _(有个古老的小屋) which has a wonderful view of the whole city. 答案 1.do the nurses want 2.that makes life happy 3.if ever 4.It was not until near the end of the letter that 5.when not treated in time 6.If asked to 7.do make a mistake 8.lies an old cottage,集训 根据提示，完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵短文，体会特殊句
8、式的用法。 Every man and every woman here _1_ (have) a good reason to be proud of the work done by Mrs.Green.Every day after she went home，_2_ (如果不累) from work，she always helped in the kitchen.But today it seemed different.She was shut in._3_ (尽管努力) she might，she didnt open the door.She _4_ (的确希望) that s
9、omeone could help her.She shouted for,help as if _5_ (cry).For a moment nothing happened.Then _6_ (声音传来) all singing together.The door was opened，_7_ (跑进来) his son.After that，she saw a big birthday cake on the table.Only then _8_ (她意识到) that it was her families _9_ shut the door on purpose in order
10、to give her a surprising birthday party._10_ (多么令人难忘的生日) it was!,答案 1.has 主谓一致。every.and every.的谓语用单数第三人称。 2.if not tired 省略。if she was not tired。 3.Try as as引导的让步状语从句，应采取倒装结构。 4.did hope 强调句式。do，does，did谓语动词原形。 5.crying 省略。she was crying。,6.came voices 倒装。表示时间、地点或方位的副词放在句首，且主语是名词时，全部倒装。 7.in ran 同第
11、6题。 8.did she realize 倒装。only修饰副词、介词短语或状语时，应部分倒装。 9.that/who 强调句。it was.that/who(人)。 10.What an unforgettable birthday 感叹句。what(a/an)adj.n.主语谓语！,知识胸有成竹,一、强调的2种方式 1.强调句型 强调句型由“Itis/was被强调部分that/who.”构成，可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语；被强调部分是指人的名词或代词时用who和that均可，其他情况一律用that。 2.使用助动词do(does，did)强调 强调句子谓语动词时，将助动词do(do
12、es，did)置于动词原形之前，用来加强语气。,二、倒装的两种形式 1.部分倒装 (1)表示否定意义的词或短语置于句首时句子用部分倒装。 (2)not only.but (also).连接两个分句，not only.置于句首时，前一个分句用部分倒装。 (3)在no sooner.than.，hardly(scarcely).when.结构中，no sooner/hardly(scarcely)置于句首时，主句部分用部分倒装，且用过去完成时，than/when后的句子用一般过去时。,(4)在not.until.结构中，当not until.置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 (5)only强调状语置于
13、句首时，主句用部分倒装。 (6)so，neither，nor置于句首表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时。 (7)在so/such.that.句型中，so/such.置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 (8)虚拟条件句中如果有were/had/should，省略连词if时，were/had/should要提到主语之前，构成部分倒装。,2.完全倒装 (1)表示地点、方位的词(短语)，或there，here，now，then等置于句首，且主语是名词时用完全倒装结构。 (2)主系表结构中的表语置于句首时。 Present at the meeting were Professor Zhang and man
14、y other guests.,三、省略的2个原则 1.复合句中的省略 在as if，if，though，when，where，while，no matter what，until等引导的从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。 2.动词不定式符号to的省略及不定式的省略 在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时，往往将不定式符号to省略；在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号to。,四、主谓一致3原则 1.语法一致原则 主语后跟有with，to
15、gether with，as well as，like，but，except，along with，rather than，including，in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 2.就近一致原则 由or，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。,3.意义一致原则 由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)时，谓语动词用单数。 The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活很重要。,集训 改写句子 1.I found it so difficult to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.(倒装句) So difficult _ to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. 2.I unde
