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1、第六节 介词,考点梳理,介词是一种虚词,用来表示词与词之间,词与句之间的关系,在句中不能单独作句子成分。 中考对介词的考查主要集中在： (1)表示时间的介词; (2)表示方位和运动方向的介词; (3)常用介词用法辨析; (4)介词与其他词类的搭配。 ,考点梳理,1. in (1) 在时间内(星期、月、季节、年份；上午,下午,晚上)： in March, in Spring, in the morning (2) 在大地点范围内： in China， in the world (3) 在一段时间后： I will return to my hometown in a week. (4) 用语言：
2、 Can you say it in English? (5) 穿衣服： The woman in blue is my mother. (6) 在某方面：His brother does well in maths.,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,2. on (1) 在上方（与物体有接触）： There is a book on my desk. (2) 在时间（具体某一天）： on Monday, on May Day, on a spring morning (3) 关于： This lecture is on science. (4) 在一边： on the left, o
3、n the right 3. at (1) 在地点（较小的地方）： at the airport, at home, at school,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,(2) 在时间点： at 4 oclock, at this time (3) 在 方面: She is good at dancing. (4) 朝方向： point at the tree (5) 表示速度与价格： You should drive a car at a high speed. (6) 对感到（情绪）： He is surprised at the news. 4. by 乘坐交通工具: We o
4、ften go to work by bus. (2) 用于被动语态： The cake is made by myself.,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,(3) 通过方式： We improve our English by speaking as much as possibly. (4) 在附近： The lady is sitting by the window. (5) 用 时间之前： They had finished the task by ten last night. (6) 从旁边经过： Lauran passes by the post office eve
5、ry day. 5. for (1) 一段时间： We have stayed here for a week.,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,(2) 为，给，适合于（对象）： These books are suitable for children. (3) 由于，表示原因： Polar bears cant feel cold for its warm coat. (4) 对于: Swimming is good for our body. (5) 前往某地： They will leave for London tomorrow. 6. of (1) 表从属关系，属于: a
6、 friend of his,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,(2) 由于，因为： die of disease/because of her illness (3) 某部分，或全部： Every of them passed this exam. (4) 表示某种性质或内容： a basket of apples (5) 表示数量和种类： all kinds of flowers, a cup of tea (6) 关于，对于： hear of (7) 表示同位： a city of Beijing,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,7. about (1) 大约： It
7、is about 100 meters high. (2) 关于： The film is about scientists. 8. over (1) 在上方： There is a bridge over the river. (2) 超过： Over 10 students go to school by bike in our class. (3) 越过： climb over the high mountain (4) 遍布于： all over the world,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,9. to (1) 给: Please give history book t
8、o me. (2) 对: be kind to sb. (3) 到: go to the zoo (4) 差多少时间： twenty to five 10. with (1) 和一起： My brother sometimes plays football with me. (2) 有: (表伴随状态)： a girl with a pair of glasses/a house with three rooms,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,(3) 用工具： cut watermelons with knives (4) 随着： With these words, the man
9、 came into the room. 11. without 没有： I went to work without breakfast this morning. 12. 穿过，通过，经过： (1) across （表面通过）: The dog swam across the other side of river.,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,(2) through （空间中穿过）: The red car goes fast through the tunnel. (3) past （路过，经过）: half past nine 13. since (1) 自从以来： s
10、ince then, since 1949 (2) 由于，既然： He was late for school since he got a cold.,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,14.除了 (1) besides (包含在内，除之外还有)： We are all here besides Tom. （包括Tom在内大家都到了。） (2) except (除外)： We are all here except Tom. (除了Tom之外，大家都到了。) (3) but: 相当于except,但but通常与表示否定的不定代词连用。 There is a nothing in th
11、e room but a bed.,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,(4) except for (表示整体除去其中的一部分)： Her composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 15. after (1) 在之后：After school, Simon joined the army. (2) 跟随： run after 16. before (1) 在地点之前： He stood before me.,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,(2) 在时间之前: I didnt go to bed befor
12、e I finished the homework. 17.behind (在后面)：a bloom behind the door 18.beside (在旁边)：a park beside my house 19.在之间 (1) between (两者之间): I sit between Lucy and Lily. (2) among (三者或以上之间): I am sitting among the trees.,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,20. around (1)大约： She is around 30 years old. (2)在周围，环绕着： The moon
13、 goes around the earth. 21. as 作为： As a student, I should obey the school rules. 22. under 在下方： a ball under the table,考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法,考点梳理,1.与动词搭配: consist of 由组成 dream of 梦想 get rid of 摆脱 think of (about)思考 instead of 代替； 而不是 be made of (or from) 由制成 receive from 接到 suffer from 生（病） separate from
14、把分开 believe in 相信 be interested in 有兴趣 base on 在基础上 depend on 依靠 rely on 依靠 belong to属于,考点2 常见的介词搭配,考点梳理,challenge to 向挑战 compare with 与比较 listen to 听 prefer to 更喜欢 arrive at (in) 到达 look at 看 stare at 盯看 ask for 请求 apologize for 因道歉 look for 寻找 pay for 为付款 prepare for 准备 search for 寻求 thank for 感谢
15、wait for 等候 agree with 同意 communicate with 与交流,考点 2 常见的介词搭配,考点梳理,2.与名词搭配: at first 首先 at last 最后 at that moment 在那时刻 at table 在吃饭 at most 至多 at least 至少 at home 在家 at school 在学校 by accident 偶然；意外地 by bus 乘坐公交车 all kinds of 各种各样的 by the way顺便提一下 in the end 最后；终于 in fact事实上 in time 及时 in surprise 惊讶地,考点 2 常见的介词搭配,考点梳理,in all 总共 in trouble 处于困境 in a hurry 匆忙地 in the open air 在户外 in line 排成一行 in bed 在床上 in hospital 在医院 on foot步行 on the way to 在去的途中 on duty
