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1、第四节 定语从句的写作,技法指导 一、写作中常用的几种定语从句 1关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。 In my opinion，those who have received her donation will be encouraged to study even harder and try their best to achieve success. (2014广东高考满分作文),But the best gift I have r
2、eceived is a watch，which my dad gave me on my last birthday. (2014重庆高考满分作文) 但我收到的最好的礼物是一块表，是上次生日我爸爸给我的。,2关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句是指when，where，why引导的定语从句。 The reason why people celebrate the festival is that they believe it is the time when the moon is at its fullest and brightest in the whole year，an
3、d people will gather together eating moon cakes and appreciating the full moon. (2013辽宁高考满分作文) 人们庆祝这个节日的原因是，他们相信这时候是一年中月亮最满、最亮的时候，人们聚在一起吃月饼、赏满月。,3“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句 Our class is made up of 52 students，all of whom are friendly and hardworking. (2014天津高考书面表达) 我们班由52个学生组成，所有人都很友好，很勤奋。,学以致用 用适当的关系词填空
4、 1Those who do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society. (2013广东高考满分作文) 2Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your DIY skills. (2014辽宁高考满分作文) 3My teacher advised me to repeat the materials severa
5、l times and read them aloud，which they think will help improve my memory. (2013四川高考书面表达),4I will never forget the days when we worked in the small town. 5She was educated at Beijing University，after which she went to have her advanced study abroad.,二、定语从句的写法 定语从句是比较难掌握而又是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，因此在写作时可采用“三步法
6、”： 第一步：写出两个简单句。 第二步：在一个简单句中找出一个要修饰的词汇，这个词在两个简单句中都有。 第三步：把另一个简单句改成定语从句，要特别注意引导词的选择。,【示例】 第一步：写出两个简单句。 The foreigner is from Canada. He visited our class yesterday. 第二步：在句中找出一个要修饰的词汇：the foreigner。 第三步：用句充当定语从句，the foreigner为先行词指人，句中的代词he指代the foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作引导词。 The foreigner who/that v
7、isited our class yesterday is from Canada.,学以致用 把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句 1Ive always longed for the days. I will be able to be independent then. Ive_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_independent. 2I have a friend. Her father is an engineer. I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_e
8、ngineer.,3They planted the trees. The trees didnt need much water. They_planted_the_trees_that/which_didnt_need_much_water. 4This is the best method. It can be used against pollution. This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.,5They sent the elderly some fruits，cleaned the rooms and
9、 had a good chat with them. The elderly always feel lonely. They_sent_some_fruits_to_the_elderly_who_always_feel_lonely，cleaned_the_rooms_and_had_a_good_chat_with_them.,三、定语从句写作的几点注意事项 1误用关系词 误：I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China. 正：I live in Beijing，which is the capital of China. 误：I ha
10、ve a friend，whos name is Liu Mei. 正：I have a friend，whose name is Liu Mei.,2句子残缺 误：There were many students took part in the English competition. 正：There were many students who took part in the English competition. 误：Those who in favor of the proposal，please raise your hands. 正：Those who are in favo
11、r of the proposal，please raise your hands.,3有多余词 误：The film I saw it last night was really very good. 正：The film I saw last night was really very good. 误：Last week，I returned to the village where I grew up there in my childhood. 正：Last week，I returned to the village where I grew up in my childhood.,
12、4定语从句与并列句的混淆 误：In fact，smoking is a bad habit，it does great harm to peoples health. 正：In fact，smoking is a bad habit，which/and it does great harm to peoples health. 误：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river，it didnt help. 正：His parents told him many times not to play beside the
13、river，which/but it didnt help.,学以致用 单句改错 1Those have work experience can find a job easily._ 答案 Those后加who 2Some songs remind us of the people which we love._ 答案 which who(m) 3This is the factory we visited it last year._ 答案 去掉it,4She has been a teacher for 30 years in the place where used to be a p
14、oor area._ 答案 where which/that 5As a child，Jack studied in a village school，it is named after his grandfather._ 答案 it which或在it前加and,演练提升 .完成句子 1曾经，我在学习英语中，尤其在词汇和语法方面面对着一个难题，依我看，它不可能被克服。 Once，I was faced with great difficulty in learning English，especially in vocabulary and grammar，which，from my poi
15、nt of view，is_unlikely_to_overcome (2014山东高考满分作文),2当今，父母为他们的独生子女做所有的事情，这使得这些独生子女非常依赖于父母。 Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children，which_makes_the_children_rely_on_their_parents badly. (2013福建高考满分作文) 3你知道，中国结非常受中国人的喜欢。 As_you_know，Chinese knots are very popular with Chinese peo
16、ple. (2013新课标全国卷满分作文),4从短文中，我们会了解到一个善良的洗衣女工，尽管工资低但她决定用节省下的钱捐助一所大学一笔钱，希望可帮助到那些财政有困难的学生。 From the passage，we have learned that a kind laundry woman who_got_paid_lowly decided to donate to a university a great deal of money she_had_saved by living a simple life，hoping to help those students with financial problems. (2014广东高考满分作文),5我经常想起被陌生人的言语伤害和侮辱的时候，甚至有时是来自熟悉的人。 I often think about the times w
