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1、专项语法十二 名词性从句 要点精析 一、名词性从句的句法功能 名词性从句在句法上相当于一个名词，因此，它可以作为句子的主语、宾语、表语，以及名词的同位语。,1主语从句 That_the_earth_goes_around_the_sun is certain. 地球围绕太阳转是确定无疑的。 Who_will_be_the_next_president_of_our_country is still hard to say. 谁将成为我们国家的下任总统很难说。 有时为了避免头重脚轻，用it充当形式主语，把主语从句放到句末。,It is still hard to say who_will_be_
2、the_next_president _of_our_country. 谁将成为我们国家的下任总统很难说。 It is a pity that_you_missed_such_a_wonderful_ match. 你错过了观看如此精彩的比赛真遗憾。 另外，如果从句是一个完整的句子，仍要用that引导，不可省略。 That_the_earth_is_round is known to all. 众所周知，地球是圆的。,例 (2010成都外国语学校模拟)_children watch and learn from the people around them helps them to figu
3、re out how the world works. AWhich BThat CHow DWhat 解析：考查主语从句。句意：孩子们通过观察和向周围的人学习来了解周围的世界是如何运作的。句中动词watch和learn缺少宾语，因此空白处应填what。 答案：D,2宾语从句 We all know that_the_earth_is_round. 我们都知道地球是圆的。 We suppose that_running_water_is_pure_and_clean. 我们认为自来水很纯净。 宾语从句也常由it替代，真正的宾语放在句尾。 We take it for granted that_
4、running_water_is_pure_and_clean. 我们认为自来水很纯净。 I hate it when_people_smoke_before_me. 我厌恶人们在我面前抽烟。,例 (2009北京)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_it got any better. Awhen Bhow Cwhy Dif 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但还是决定给自己几个月的时间来看一看是否情况会有好转。从句中不缺少时间、地点、原因，排除A、B、C三
5、项。D项表示“是否”，符合题意。 答案：D,3表语从句 The problem is that_we_dont_have_much_time_left. 问题是我们剩下的时间很少。 My question is who_is_responsible_for_all_this. 我的问题是谁对这事负责。,例 (2010江苏泰兴市朝中调研)Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children? No, thats_they are mistaken. Awhere Bwhen Cso
6、Dhow 解析：考查表语从句。where引导表语从句，表示那就是她们的错误所在。 答案：A,4同位语从句 同位语从句用来解释说明前面的名词，通常由本身无意义的连词that引导，通常不可省略。一般在fact, news, idea, hope, doubt, fear, belief, dream, plan, advice, suggestion, decision等名词后有同位语从句，具体说明这些名词的内容。 We were shocked at the news that_dozens_of_ miners_were_killed_in_this_mine_accident. 许多名矿工死
7、于矿难，我们对这个消息感到震惊。,Word came that there would be another hurricane coming. 据说将会有另一场飓风。 There is no doubt that_he_is_the_best_person_for_ this_position. 毫无怀疑，他是这个位置的最佳人选。,例 (2009江西)The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. th
8、ough 解析：本题考查同位语从句。句意：近年来全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很多科学家感到担忧。该题同位语从句结构完整，故选连词that。 答案：C,二、名词性从句的连接词 名词性从句由从属连词引导，有如下几类： 1由本身没意义但在从句中不充当任何语法成分的连词that引导。 He told me that he would come to visit us on Sunday. 他告诉我他将在星期天来拜访我们。 The teacher suggested that the students buy the books. 这个老师建议学生买这些书。,2由具有意义但在从句中不担当成分的连词wh
9、ether或if引导。 I dont know whether he will go with us or not. 我不知道他是否和我们一块去。 He asked me whether I would accept him as a new member. 他问我是否能把他作为一名新成员接受他。,例 (2010海淀模拟)Kevin consulted his teacher about_he should study abroad after graduation. Awhether Bwhere Cwhen Dthat 解析：句意：Kevin就毕业后是否应该去国外学习征求了老师的意见。wh
10、ether he should study abroad after graduation作介词about的宾语。where与句中的abroad矛盾；when与句中的after graduation重复；that引导的宾语从句一般不作介词的宾语。 答案：A,3由带疑问意义的连接副词或连接代词who, when, where, how, which, whose等引导。 I dont know who will take his place if he leaves. 我不知道如果他离职谁将接替他。 We all know when and where the next Olympic Game
11、s will be held. 我们都知道下届奥运会将在何时何地举办。,4由连接代词what引导。 I dont know what he really likes. 我不知道他到底喜欢什么。 What he said proved true. 他所说的被证实是真的。 what作为连接代词，承担两重任务：连接句子和代替从句缺少的成分(可以代替从句主语、宾语和表语)。 What I want for the moment is a car.(主语从句中，what是want的宾语),我此刻想要的是一辆汽车。 What is left undone will be carried on by us.
12、(主语从句中what是主语) 未做完的工作将由我们继续做。 The city today is no longer what it was 5 years ago.(表语从句中，what是表语) 今天的这个城市不再是它5年前的样子了。 what在句子中除了可以代物(something)，还可以代人、时间、地点等。,Please tell me what you want./Please tell me the thing that you want.(what指物) 请告诉我你想要什么。 He is what is known as walking dictionary, for he kno
13、ws every word you dont know./He is the person that is known as a walking dictionary, for he knows every word you dont know.(what指人) 他就是人们所知的活字典，因为每个你不认识的字他都认识。,After a long journey, they finally arrived at what is now Boston./After a long journey, they finally arrived at the place that is now Boston
14、.(what指地点) 经过长途跋涉，他们终于到达今天的波士顿。 After what seemed hours of waiting, it was finally my turn./After a period of time that seemed hours of waiting, it was finally my turn.(what指时间) 等待了像是几个小时之后，最后终于轮到我了。,例 (2009江苏)Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be life s most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck. Aas Bthat Cwhich Dwhat 解析：考查名词性从句。宾语从句中缺少主语，因此选择what。 答案：D,
