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1、课时跟踪练(一) Introduction & Reading Pre reading.阅读理解AAustralian English began separating from British English shortly after the foundation of the Australian penal colony (罪犯流放地) of New South Wales in 1788. British convicts sent there, including cockneys (伦敦东区的人) from London, came mostly from large Engli
2、sh cities. They were joined by free settlers, military personnel and officials, often with their families. However, many of the convicts were Irish, with at least 25% directly from Ireland, and others indirectly via Britain. There were other populations of convicts from nonEnglish speaking areas of
3、Britain, such as the Welsh and Scots. The transportation of convicts to Australia ended in 1868, but immigration of free settlers from Britain. Ireland and elsewhere continued.The earliest form of Australian English was first spoken by the children of the colonists born into the colony of New South
4、Wales. This very first generation of children created a new dialect that was to become the language of the nation. The Australianborn children in the new colony were exposed to a wide range of different dialects from all over the British Isles, in particular from Ireland and the southeastern part of
5、 England.The nativeborn children of the colony created the new dialect from factors present in the speech they heard around them, and provided a way for the expression of peer solidarity (一致). Even when new settlers arrived, this new dialect was strong enough to turn away from the influence of other
6、 patterns of speech.Records from the early 19th century indicated the distinctive dialect had appeared in the colony since the first settlement. In 1827 Peter Cunningham, in his book Two Years in New South Wales, described that the nativeborn colonists spoke with a distinctive accent and vocabulary,
7、 with a strong London influence. Anthony Burgess wrote that “Australian English may be thought of as a kind of fossilised (僵化的) cockney (伦敦腔) of the Dickensian era”1Who didnt go to Australia with the convicts?AMiners.BSoldiers.COfficials. DFree settlers.解析：选A细节理解题。从文章第一段第三句可知，随着囚犯到澳大利亚去的人中没有矿工。2Who
8、created the earliest form of Australian English?AConvicts sent to Australia.BFree settlers into Australia.CThe nativeborn children of the colony.DPeople from Ireland and the southeastern part of England.解析：选C细节理解题。从文章第二段可知，在澳大利亚出生的孩子说话不同于自己的父母，是他们创造了最初的澳大利亚英语。3We can learn from the last paragraph th
9、at Australian English _.Ahad no identity of its ownBwas formed before the Dickensian eraCwas quite different from British EnglishDwas greatly influenced by London accent解析：选D推理判断题。分析文章最后一段可知，两位作者认为澳大利亚英语具有明显的伦敦口音特征。4What does the text mainly tell us?AWho came to Australia first?BHow Australia was co
10、lonized?CHow Australian English was formed?DWhat the earliest language in Australia was?解析：选C主旨大意题。综合全文可知，文章主要说明澳大利亚英语的形成。BIn an age when technology is everywhere, its not surprising that even young children are getting into the action. The iPad was released six years ago. This tablet computer from
11、Apple has a large, multitouch screen that kids can play learning games on.Sure toddlers can operate an iPad, but at what age is it safe to let them use it? According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, children under the age of 2 should have no screen time at all. This includes not only televisio
12、n but also other electronics, such as computers, cellphones, video games and tablets, including the iPad. During the first two years of life, childrens brains are growing significantly and it can be confusing for them to tell the differences between the real world and what they are seeing on the scr
13、een. After age 2, an iPad is fine in moderation (适度)Using the iPad can have benefits for kids. In a twoweek study conducted by PBS, involving children 3 to 7, it was found that educational apps can improve a childs vocabulary by as much as 31 percent in two weeks. Ann Densmore, an expert in speech a
14、nd language development, said in an article on Harvard Health that there are even iPad apps that are helpful for children in speech and language therapy (治疗)While there are some benefits to children using an iPad as an educational tool, there are also some disadvantages to be aware of. No electronic
15、 device can replace the role of human interaction. Its important that young children learn by doing and not by watching. Also an iPad can be addictive (上瘾的) when used too much. Even though its OK for 2yearolds to use an iPad, children up to the age of 3 will learn better from real world experiences
16、than from any type of electronics, expecially when it comes to language.When parents decide to let their children start using the iPad, its important that they establish some rules and limitations .5The American Academy of Pediatrics shows that _.Aparents usually let kids over two use an iPadBiPads arent different from other electronicsCkids
