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1、专题探究 语法突破14：情景交际,一、告别(Farewells) 常用表达法： 1Im afraid I must be leaving/going now. I think its time for us to leave now. Its time I met/did./I had to go now. Its about time I was going, Im afraid. 2Goodbye! (Byebye! Bye！) See you later/tomorrow.(See you.) Good night.,3Keep in touch. Mention/Remember me
2、 to your family. Say hello to your parents. Im glad to have met you and your friends. Hope to meet you again. Its very good of you to come to see me off. Have a pleasant journey. Take care. Bye! Goodbye and good luck. Drop in again whenever you have time. Please give my best regards to your parents.
3、,注意： (1)当彼此双方作短暂告别时，可以使用如Goodbye; Byebye; See you; See you later等表达法。 (2)如若去送别某人且双方分别时间较长，甚至再也见不到双方了，则一般在说Goodbye前用比较正式且严肃的告别用语，如Take care; Give my best wishes to your family。,(3)人们经常使用挥手来表示告别。 (4)告别时，易犯汉语习惯式的表达错误：Ive wasted a lot of your time.和Im sorry to have taken up so much of your time.后者主要是用在你
4、请别人花费很多时间帮忙时。,(5)如果你不想扫了其他客人的兴致，而你又必须提前离开，按照中国人的习惯，则常用：“Ill go first; Im leaving now”来表示“先走一步，你们继续谈吧”，但是按照英美人的习惯，却应说：Im afraid I have to go now. But dont let me break up the party.(恐怕我现在得走了，但不要因为我中断了聚会。)另外，送客时国外一般只送到大门口，作为客人无需说：Stay where you are; Dont come any further.等，这并不是西方人不够热情，而是中外文化传统不同罢了。,二、
5、感谢和应答(Thanks and responses) 常用表达法： 1Thank you (very much)/Thanks a lot./Many thanks./Thanks for./I really dont know how I can thank you enough. 2Its very kind of you to./Not at all./Its./Thats all right(OK)/Youre welcome./Im very glad you enjoyed it./Its a pleasure./My pleasure./Please dont mention
6、it./It was nothing./Forget it.,注意： (1)感谢的表达法在国外几乎用于一切场合，家人之间、陌生人之间、师生之间等等，哪怕是一件小事情，甚至是理所当然的事，也得说声谢谢。但不能“谢”得过头，否则会被认为是一种不真诚，更不要照搬中国的“道歉式致谢”方式，如：Im sorry to have wasted your time. (2)在大多数场合，仅说：Thanks; Thank you; Thanks a lot是不够的，还需说些其它表示感激和非常高兴之类的话。如感谢别人的宴请，可以这么说：The dinner was delicious. Thank you fo
7、r your invitation.,三、道歉、遗憾和应答(Apologies, regrets, sympathies & responses) 常用表达法： 1Sorry./Pardon. Im terribly/awfully sorry./Im sorry for(about) Im sorry to./have done that. I apologize. Forgive me (for.) I really didnt mean that at all.,2Excuse me (for.) Be afraid that. What a pity/shame！/Its a pity
8、 that. 3Thats all right. It doesnt matter. Thats nothing. Dont worry about it. Never mind./Forget it. It cant be helped. Its OK. It really isnt worth mentioning.,注意： (1)道歉场合很多，用语也很多，有时候，在一些特殊情况下，我们也得考虑要求别人为某人或某事道歉。比如我们有时觉得朋友受到不公正待遇时，可以理直气壮地向对方说：Im sorry, but I had to say that you owe my friend an ap
9、ology./Apologize to him for your rudeness. (2)无论是向别人道歉还是回答别人的道歉，一定要注意语言和表情的一致性，即神情一定要诚恳，另外，说道歉用语时，一律须用降调。,四、邀请和应答(Invitations and responses) 常用表达法： 1Will you come to.? Would you like to.? Id like to invite you to. Wed be very pleased if you could come to dinner this evening. Why dont you.? Perhaps y
10、oud care to.?,(2)Oh./Sure, why not? OK. Thats a terrific/great idea. That sounds very nice. Yes, Id love to (.) Yes, its very kind/nice of you. (3)Id love to, but. Im really sorry, I cant. Im afraid I cant because.,注意： (1)如果不是见面时的临时邀请，在西方，特别是关系不是很亲近的人，往往在一到两个星期前提出，以便对方能调整自己的时间表。 (2)无论是书面还是口头邀请，都有多种表
11、达法，但要注意避免使用命令式的口气。如：You come to our dinner this evening. (3)在被邀请时，如若不去，应当找出适当的理由向对方说明，免得对方误认为你不愿意与其交往。当然作为邀请者，你也可以在表示遗憾时，对他说没关系，以后还可以找机会。,五、提供(帮助等)和应答(Offers and responses) 常用表达法： 1Can/Could/Shall I help you? Would you like me to.? Is there anything(else) I can do for you? Do you want me to.? What c
12、an I do for you? Let me do/carry/help.(for you) Would you like some.?,2Thanks. That would be nice/fine. Thats very kind of you. Thank you for your help. Yes, please. Here, take this/my. 3No, thanks/thank you. No, thanks/thank you. I can manage it myself. Thank you all the same. Thats very kind of yo
13、u, but.,六、请求、允许和应答(Asking for permission and responses) 常用表达法： 1May I? Can/Could I? I wonder if I could. Would/Do you mind if I open the window? May I ask a favor of you? Would you do me a favor? Be kind enough to tell me the truth.,2Yes./Sure./Certainly. Yes, (do) please. Of course(you may) Go ahea
14、d, please. Thats OK/all right. Not at all. Well, if I can. Id be glad to. With pleasure.,3Im sorry, you cant. Im sorry, but. Youd better not. Id like to, but I 注意： 在此类交际项目的肯定表述中，With pleasure一定要与表示回答感谢的Its a pleasure/My pleasure.区别开来。,七、打电话(Making phone calls) 常用表达法： 1Hello! Is(Tom)in? May/Could I s
15、peak to.? Is that.(speaking)? Can you put me through to 34284390? Id like the number of the Peace Hotel, please.,2Hold on a moment, please. Just a minute, please. Hello, who is it? He/She isnt here right now. Can I take a message for you? Someone wants you on the telephone. Do you want to leave a me
16、ssage? Sorry, youve dialed the wrong number. 3Hello, this is.speaking. I called to tell/ask you.,注意： (1)打电话时，第一个词便是Hello，它不像中文中的“喂”那样连喊几声，只要说一次就可以了，紧接着可自报姓名，告诉对方你是谁，并告知想与某人通话。 (2)如果你发现对方要找的是另一个人，或拨错了号码，这时，你最好能重复一下你的号码，然后应很快告诉对方，可以使用简单回答：Sorry, wrong number.不要一声不响地就挂断电话。同样，若是你拨错了号码也应该这样做。 (3)另外，特别注意打电话用语中英汉的差别。比如说：你是谁？我是。,八、考纲以外的表达法 现在有许多考题虽然考查环境属于大纲里，但是其语言运用已超越了大纲范围，比如：2003年高考：No way(没门); 2000年：Yes, sir?
