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1、,Grammar,1. The man lives next door is a writer. 2.The woman I visited last week is a famous writer. 3. Beijing is the city has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games. 4. A dictionary is a book you can use to learn more words. 5. The little boy eyes are blue is holding a dog. 6. The house roo
2、f was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.,who / that,who / whom / that/-,which / that,which / that/-,whose,whose,when,I began to work in Beijing in the year _New China was founded. Do you know the reason _ he didnt come?,why,9. I cant remember the place _I put my book.,where,一、定语从句的定义： 用来修
3、饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般是由关系代词或关系副词来引导的。,定语从句归纳总结,二、关系代词和关系副词的作用： 1、引导作用 2、替代作用 3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用 eg: 1.Those who want to go please sign your names here. 2.This is the house where he was born. 3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,whom,who,
4、which,that,whose,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,关系副词的用法,指代,所做成分,是否可省略,when,time,adverbial（状语）,no,where,place,adverbial,no,why,reason,adverbial,no,关系副词, that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first
5、 book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,1) 当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词或被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few, only等修饰时.,2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。,3)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时,(5) 先行词是who或who引导的主句。 Who is th
6、e girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished. (6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago. (8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that. Which is the book that you bought last week?,(4)当先行词既有人又有物
7、时, 用关系代词that,We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools that we had visited there.,关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况,（1）在介词之后 This is the question about which weve had so much discussion. （2）当主句中的主语被that修饰时。 eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.,(3) 在非限定性定语从句中必须用which不能用that。
8、 They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them., that和who在指 人的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用who而不用that。,1.先行词为those, one, ones, peoples时 Those who are from Qingdao come this way. 2.当先行词是用-body或-one构成的不定代词时 Is there anybody else who should be invited,关系副词when, where, why的用法,关系副词都等
9、于一个适当的介词which，在从句中作状语 When=in/at/on/during+which; Where=in/at/on/+which; Why=for +which,1.Do you still remember the day when(on which) we went to visit the museum together? 2.This is the factory where(in which)my father once worked. 3.This is the reason why(for which) he was late.,A. I know a place
10、where we can have a picnic.,I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.,Compare :关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的不同成分（注意事项）,B. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.,I will never forget the days that / which we spent together.,C. This is the reason why he was
11、dismissed.,This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.,注意:关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或whom a.This is the boy with whom he worked. b.This is the boy whomhe worked with. c. This is the boy who he worked with. d. This is the boy he worked with. e. The house where we li
12、ve is not large. f. The house in which we live is not large. g. The house which we live in is not large. h. The house we live in is not large.,as 从句的先行词是the same, such, 或被他们所修饰；在从句中做主语或宾语； e.g. Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started. It was raining hard, which / as was unexpe
13、cted. 常用于as is known to all, as you know, as is expected，the sameas, suchas, asas, soas 句型中，as不可省略,1.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. 2.Lets discuss only such questions as concern every one of us. 3.Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday, Mum? 4. As
14、we all know, John is an honest man.,Which 和as 在引导非限定性定语从句时可以指代一件事， 如： The gentleman admired Mrs. Brown, which surprised me. As we had expected, his performance was excellent. 在这时as可以在句首， which 不可以； as 有正如的意思， 而which 没有。,八、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,1限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时
15、不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。 如： a) What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there? 站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字? b) Toronto is a city (that) I ve always wanted to visit. 多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。,2非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。如： a) Rome, which is
16、 the capital of Italy, has a very long history. 意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。 b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London. 昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。 c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed. 他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。,3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。 eg. A middle-aged woman killed he
