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1、Section Writing 如何进行概要写作,题型剖析 概要写作提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要,考查学生准确获取关键词并对文章大意进行概括的能力,同时考查学生用简洁的语言转述文章重要信息的能力。考生要在正确理解短文的基础上,用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。因此,该题型是对阅读理解能力和书面表达能力的综合考查。 短文选材以说明文和议论文为主,文章结构比较明晰,通常包含4个左右的要点。考生要客观准确归纳要点,不照搬原文句子,要点之间要恰当衔接,全文内容要连贯,过渡要自然。,写作步骤 一、细读短文,明确篇章结构,确定要点数量。 做概要写
2、作首先要仔细阅读短文。阅读的目的是确定文章的体裁和主题,明确篇章结构。根据意义划分段落,段落的数量对应的是要点的数量。 二、处理文章,抓住主题句,删除细节信息。 明确全文结构之后,就要对文章内容进行处理。处理的目的是删除次要内容,保留主要内容。文中描述性的语言、细节和列举的示例都属于要删除的内容。剩余的主要部分要仔细研读,与主题相关的关键词句要重点标注出来,这些词句就是最后归纳转述的要点。,三、逐段进行归纳,提取关键信息,准确转述要点。 删除了短文中的细节、例证等细枝末节后,每段的主要内容已经明确,然后要用自己的语言准确地表述各段的要点。为避免和原文的句子重复,可使用同义转述的形式,也可以用句
3、子重构的方式来完成要点归纳。归纳时要分清主次,各要点的词数应根据文中对应的内容来定。同时,要选用适当的关联词来进行衔接,保证上下文连贯。 四、检查要点,修改错误,确定终稿。 初稿完成后,要检查要点是否齐全,各要点是否表述准确,检查是否有语法错误、拼写错误和标点符号错误等,还要检查词数是否符合要求。,阅读下面的短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Eating different healthy foods gives you energy to do your job,helps you grow the way you should,and can even keep you fro
4、m getting sick.However,if you choose the wrong kind of food,you might run out of energy before the day is over. Most kids have the choice of packing lunch or buying one at school.The good news is that a kid can get a healthy lunch by doing either one.But its not guaranteed(保证).Chances are that some
5、meals and foods served in the school cafeteria(自助食堂) are healthier than others.When you buy your lunch,youd better give the cafeteria menu a closer look.Read the cafeteria menu the night before.Knowing whats for lunch beforehand will let you know if you want to eat it!,A packed lunch isnt always hea
6、lthier than one you buy at school.If you pack chocolate cake and potato chips,thats not a nutritious(有营养的) meal!But a packed lunch,if you do it right,does have a clear advantage.When you pack your lunch,you can be sure it includes your favorite healthy foods.It is not a one-size-fits-all lunch.Its a
7、 lunch just for you.If your favorite sandwich is peanut butter and banana,just make it and pack itthen you can eat it for lunch.Or maybe you love olives.Go ahead and pack them! If you want to pack your lunch,youll need some help from your parents.Talk to them about what you like to eat in your lunch
8、 so they can buy those foods.Parents might offer to pack your lunch for you.This is nice of them,but you may want to watch how they do it and ask if you can start making your lunches yourself.Its a way to show that youre growing up.,思路剖析 1.判断体裁,分析结构。本文属于议论文,作者就学生自带午餐还是在学校餐厅吃饭发表自己的看法。第一段作者主要强调健康食品的重要
9、性;第二段说学生有两种选择:可以自带午餐,也可以在学校餐厅吃饭。如果在学校餐厅吃饭,前一天晚上应该看一下学校餐厅的食谱中是否有自己喜欢吃的健康食品;第三段说如果带午餐,要带自己喜欢吃的食物;第四段说,告诉父母你想吃什么,让他们为你准备。当然最好自己打包。 2.细读段落,列出要点。健康食品的重要性:healthy foods give you energy and keep you from getting sick;在学校餐厅就餐:give the cafeteria menu a closer look;know if you want to eat it;自带午餐:have a clear
10、 advantage;talk to them about what you like;include your favorite healthy foods;start making your lunches yourself。,3.确定主题,整合信息。在学校餐厅就餐和自带午餐各有特点,各有好处。餐厅的饭并非都符合自己的胃口,因此要提前看一下菜单;自带午餐并非比学校的好,要有自己喜欢吃的健康食品。要学着自己准备午餐。 4.理清思路,准确表述。本文的主题为健康饮食。先概述在学校餐厅就餐的情况,再写如何自带午餐的情况,最后写一下自备午餐:或父母准备,或自己动手。注意要用不同的词汇和句式进行转述。
11、,写作模板 Healthy food (1) (很重要).As school kids,you can choose (2) (在学校就餐或者自带午餐).Meals served in the school cafeteria (3) (并非总是健康),so youd better (4) (先看菜单)to know whether you like them.If you want to have a packed lunch,make sure (5) (包括你最喜欢的健康食物).Your parents may pack your lunch.However,it would be be
12、tter (6) (自己打包). 答案 (1)is of great importance (2)to eat at school or pack your lunch (3)are not always healthy (4)read the menu first (5)your favorite healthy food is included (6)if you pack it yourself,参考范文 Healthy food is of great importance.(要点1) As school kids,you can choose to eat at school or
13、pack your lunch.(要点2)Meals served in the school cafeteria are not always healthy,so youd better first read the menu to know whether you like them.(要点3)If you want to have a packed lunch,make sure your favorite healthy food is included.Your parents may pack your lunch.However,it would be better if you pack it yourself.(要点4),
