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1、 给人改变未来的力量中公考研 http:/介词是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词，它不能单独作句子成分，后接名词、代词等作其宾语。一、介词搭配介词常与名词、动词、形容词等搭配。(一)与名词搭配如：in deficit (赤字，逆差)approach to (的方法)in the wake of (紧紧跟随，随着而来)from scratch (从零开始)例句： China also signed a long-term trade agreement with the EEC in 1978 while trade with the USA has increased rapidly in
2、 the wake of the normalization of diplomatic relations at the beginning of 1979.分析： 该句是并列句。译文： 1978 年中国还与欧洲经济共同体签署了长期贸易协议;随着 1979 年初与美国外交关系正常化的到来，中国与美国的贸易也迅速增长。(二)与动词搭配如：move along (沿着)bustle about (匆忙)buoy up (上升)rein in (抑制)pass down (使流传)例句： The decline was partly caused by Indias reining in of i
3、ts budget deficit and the short-term effects of the implementation of strong emergency stabilization measures.分析： 该句是简单句。 给人改变未来的力量中公考研 http:/译文： 衰退的部分原因是印度抑制其预算赤字及推行强有力的紧急稳定措施的短期效果。例句： Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage， either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a fath
4、ers line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. (选自 2009 年 Text 2)分析： 该句是复合句，句子主干是 most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either.or.引导的并列短语作 a single lineage 的同位语，which is passed down only from mothers 是一个修饰 mitochondrial DNA 的非限制性定语从句。译文： 然而，许多血统检测仅仅考虑一个单一的血统，
5、要么是遗传来自父亲家庭里的Y 染色体，要么是仅从母亲那里遗传下来的线粒体 DNA。(三)与形容词搭配如：amenable to (对负责)conducive to (对有益)awkward for (对不便，对不合适)例句： Korea traditionally has made things awkward for foreigners in terms of its financial systems, its real estate laws and so forth.分析： 该句是简单句。译文： 韩国传统上一直在金融体制、不动产法等方面让外国人感到极不方便。二、介词分类(一)简单介词
6、介词由一个单词构成，常见的有：aboutaboveacrossafteragainstalongamong(a)roundasatbeforebehind 给人改变未来的力量中公考研 http:/belowbeneathbeside(s)betweenbeyond butbyconsidering(考虑到) concerning(关于)despite(尽管，任凭) downduringexcept for fromin insideintoincluding likenearof offonopposite outsideoverpast regarding(关于)sincethrough t
7、illthroughoutto toward(s)underupwithwithinwithout例句： Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response: causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. (选自2008 年 Text 1)分析： 该句是复合句，主干部分为 st
8、udies.have shown that.。分词 causing.作状语表示伴随，其逻辑主语是 sex hormones。译文： 对人和动物的研究已经表明性激素荷尔蒙以某种方式会影响对压力的反应;结果造 成在同等条件下，妇女处于压力下会比男人产生更多的诱发性的化学物质。例句： Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single moth
9、ers like Bullock. (选自 2011 年 Text 4) 给人改变未来的力量中公考研 http:/分析： 该句是复合句。that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present 是一个定语从句，修饰 image of parenthood，介词短语 like Us Weekly and People 作后置定语，修饰 celebrity magazines。译文： 当然，我们周刊、人物等名人杂志中呈现出来的父母形象非常不切实际，尤其当母亲是布洛克这样的单亲妈妈时更是如此。(二)成语介词成语介词由两个或两个以上的单词构成
10、。如：according toahead ofalong withapart fromas foras tobecause ofdue toexcept forin view ofirrespective of(无论)out ofprevious toprior tothanks totogether withup toby means ofby way offor the sake ofin the event ofin front ofinstead ofon the point ofon account ofowing towith a view to(为了)with regard to
11、as well asin addition toother thanapart from例句： He must store a large quantity of grain instead of consuming all his grain immediately. (选自 2000 年 Cloze Test)分析： 该句是简单句。译文： 他必须储存大量的粮食，而不是马上将其全部消耗掉。例句： Corporations and labor unions have conferred great benefits upon their employees and members as wel
12、l as upon the general public. (1999 年第 37 题)分析： 该句是简单句。译文： 公司和工会为公司员工、工会成员和广大公众都带来了极大的利益。 给人改变未来的力量中公考研 http:/三、介词短语的用法介词在句中不能独立使用，它后面必须接一个宾语构成介宾短语，又称介词词组，在句中可作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。(一)定语(后置修饰语)例句： Chinas powerful Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade will be monitoring trade signals from the ne
13、w Clinton Administration.分析： 该句是简单句。译文： 强大的中国对外经济关系与贸易部将密切注视克林顿新政府的贸易动向。例句： At times, more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than into the writing of features and editorials.分析： 该句是复合句，在 than 后面省略了 more care goes。译文： 有时，报纸杂志的广告创作比特写和社论写作更费心。(二)表语(用于系动词 be, look,
14、 remain 后)例句： Many of the actors and actresses are on location now.译文： 许多男女演员现在正在拍外景。例句： In speaking, the choice of words is of the utmost importance.译文： 说话时，选词是最重要的。(三)状语(修饰谓语动词或整个句子，可置于句首、句中、句末)例句： In the long run, however, this hurry to shed full-time staff may be as harmful to industry as it is
15、to the workforce. (2000 年第 15 题)分析： 该句是复合句。译文： 但是从长远来看，草率地解雇全职员工，既不利于职工，也有害于产业。例句： The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result，radically higher standards of living. (选自 2009年 Text 3) 给人改变未来的力量中公考研 http:/分析
