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1、Author(s): Arno Kumagai, M.D., 2009License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNoncommercialShare Alike 3.0 License: http:/creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/,We have reviewed this material in accordance with U.S. Copyrig
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9、older, author, or law permits you to use, share and adapt. , Content Open.Michigan believes can be used, shared, and adapted because it is ineligible for copyright. , Content Open.Michigan has used under a Fair Use determination. ,DIABETES MELLITUS,M2 - Endocrine SequenceArno K. Kumagai, M.D. Divisi
10、on of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Medical School,Winter 2009,DIABETES MELLITUS,Diabetes (fr. Ionian Greek): “To pass through”,DIABETES MELLITUS,Mellitus (fr. Latin) = “Sweet” or “Honey-like”,Renaissance England: “The Pissing Evile”,17th
11、 Cent. England. Thomas Willis: Diabetic urine contains sugar. Diabetes due to “sadnesse and longe griefe.”,18th Cent. England. Matthew Dobson: Diabetic serum contains sugar.,4th Cent. A.D. India: Susruta and CharakaUrine from polyuric patients tasted like honey, was sticky to the touch and attracted
12、 ants.Two types of people with this disorder: old, obese people and young, thin people who did not survive very long. “Madhumeh” = “honey disease”,DIABETES: THE GROWING EPIDEMIC,U.S. News Magazine June 25, 2001,Diabetes Mellitus: The Growing Epidemic,CDC Diabetes Care, 23:1278, 2000. (All Images),CD
13、C Study of Diabetes in the United States: 1990-1998,1994,1998,DIABETES MELLITUS,BUT,Approximately 8% of the U.S. population, some 18 million individuals, have diabetes.,ONE THIRD of the people who have diabetes are unaware that they have the disease.,Approximately 1.5 million people are diagnosed wi
14、th diabetes mellitus each year in the US alone.,DIABETES MELLITUS,Diabetes disproportionately affects ethnic minorities in the United States.,?,Currently, there are no nationwide prevalence data for Asian Americans. Based on regional studies, risk appears to be between 1.5-2 times higher than that f
15、or White Americans.,NIDDK National Institutes of Health,% in Adults 21 yo,DIABETES MELLITUS,Annually, 34,000 deaths are attributable to diabetes, making it the 6th leading cause of death. BUT, Diabetes is a significant contributing factor in the deaths of 320,000 Americans each year.,Approximately 6
16、5% of individuals with diabetes die of cardiovascular disease (MI and stroke).,DIABETES MELLITUS,A. Kumagai,DIABETES MELLITUS,Diabetes Mellitus,A. Kumagai,DIABETES MELLITUS: The Socioeconomic Impact,BANK,HEATLH CARE RESOURCES,A. Kumagai,DIABETES MELLITUS: The Socioeconomic Impact,BANK,HEALTH CARE RESOURCES,$92 BILLION (direct) and $39 BILLION (indirect) annually is spent on diabetes and its related problems*,* 2002 costs (American Diabetes Association),
