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1、新标准大学英语综合教程新标准大学英语综合教程 1课后参考翻译课后参考翻译Unit 1英译汉：Today, a gap year refers mostly to a year taken before starting university or college. During their gap year, American students either engage in advanced academic courses or do some volunteer work to improve their knowledge, maturity, decision-making, le
2、adership, independence, self-sufficiency and more, thus improving their rsums before going to college. British and European students, however, take a much more holiday-style approach to the gap year by generally working for 36 months and then travelling around the world before college begins. This i
3、s intended to expand their minds, personal confidence, experiences and interests prior to college. It is a much less structured approach than taken in the United States, and is generally viewed by parents as a formative year for young adults to become independent and learn a great deal of responsibi
4、lity prior to engaging in university life.参考译文：如今，间隔年最为普遍的含义是指上大学前的一年。在这一年中，美国学 生或是学习高级学术类课程，或是做一些志愿服务，以此来提高自己的知识水平、成 熟度、决策力、领导力、独立性、自给自足以及多方面的能力，力求在上大学之前让 自己的简历变得更加完善。然而，英国和欧洲的学生更倾向于把间隔年当作假期来看 待。他们通常用 3-6 个月的时间打打工，然后利用剩余的时间在大学开学前环球旅行。 这样，在上大学前，他们可以增长见识，提升自信，丰富阅历，培养兴趣。与美国的 间隔年不同，英国和欧洲的做法没有那么周密的安排。家长
5、们通常把间隔年看作是年 轻人成长起来的一年，他们在开始大学生活之前变得独立，并学会承担很多责任。汉译英：今天，很多中国的大学非常重视培养学生的创新意识和创业精神 （entrepreneurship） 。很多知名大学与多家公司建立长期的合作关系。这些公司会定 期从大学中录用合格的毕业生。此外，有些校友还创建启动资金，支持学生创办自己 的企业。一些大学的校长表示，创业与学习并不矛盾，鼓励学生创业可以帮助他们将 专业知识应用于实践，提升自身的竞争力(competitiveness） 。参考译文：Today, many Chinese universities attach great importa
6、nce to cultivating innovation awareness and entrepreneurship. Many prestigious universities establish long-term relationships with a lot of companies. These companies recruit qualified graduates from the universities on a regular basis. Whats more, some alumni even create start-up funds to support s
7、tudents in starting their own business. The presidents of some universities say that doing business and studying are not in conflict and that encouraging students to set up businesses can help them put their specialized knowledge into practice and raise their competitiveness.比如，把冰糖和梨放在一起蒸是很好的药膳，可以起到
8、润肺（moisten lung） 、化痰 （dissolve phlegm） 、止咳（arrest cough）的作用。 For example, pear steamed with rock sugar is a medicated diet, good for moistening the lung, dissolving phlegm and arresting cough. 药膳不仅具有药物的疗效，还具有食物的美味。 Chinese medicated diets have not only the efficiency of medicine, but also the delica
9、cy of food. 药膳是中国人日常饮食的重要组成部分，现在就连外国人也开始喜爱、接受中国药膳。They are an important part of Chinese peoples daily meals. Even people from other countries have come to love and consume Chinese medicated diets.Unit 2英译汉：Table manners are the rules of etiquette that should be observed by diners. In the UK, the hos
10、t or hostess takes the first bite after all food is served and everyone is seated. Food should always be tasted before salt and pepper are added. It is acceptable to take some butter from the butter dish with a butter knife and put it onto a side plate. This prevents the butter in the dish from gath
11、ering bread crumbs as it is passed around. It is impolite to reach over someone to pick up food or other items. Diners should always ask for items to be passed along the table to them. Food should always be chewed with the mouth closed. It is rude to eat noisily. Talking with food in ones mouth is a
12、lso seen as very impolite. When someone has finished eating, they should place the knife and fork together on the plate and place the napkin unfolded on the table.参考译文：餐桌礼仪是就餐者必须遵守的礼仪规范。在英国，要等到所有的饭菜端上 桌、所有的就餐者都就座后，男主人或女主人才带头开始吃。应该在尝过饭菜之后再 加盐和胡椒。可以用黄油刀从黄油盘中取一些黄油放在小寸盘子中，这样可以防止黄 油在盘子传递的过程中粘上面包屑。不要探起身子隔
13、着人去拿食物或其他东西，这样 做不礼貌。就餐者应请同桌的人把需要的物品递过来。嚼饭菜的时候一定要闭着嘴, 吃 饭吧唧嘴不礼貌。而且边吃东西边说话也是很不礼貌的行为。吃完后，应该把刀叉放 在盘子上，把用过的餐巾展开放在餐桌上。汉译英：中国药膳（Chinese medicated diet）源远流长，是中国宝贵的文化遗产，也 是中医养生学的重要内容。药膳对预防疾病和强身健体有着显著的功效。比如，把冰 糖和梨放在一起蒸是很好的药膳，可以起到润肺（moisten lung） 、化痰（dissolve phlegm） 、止咳（arrest cough）的作用。药膳不仅具有药物的疗效，还具有食物的美 味。
14、药膳是中国人日常饮食的重要组成部分，现在就连外国人也开始喜爱、接受中国 药膳。参考译文：Chinese medicated diets have a long history. They are part of the valuable cultural heritage of China and an important part of Chinese health study. Medicated diets have a notable effect on the prevention of diseases and improvement of physical fitness. Fo
15、r example, pear steamed with rock sugar is a medicated diet, good for moistening the lung, dissolving phlegm and arresting cough. Chinese medicated diets have not only the efficiency of medicine, but also the delicacy of food. They are an important part of Chinese peoples daily meals. Even people fr
16、om other countries have come to love and consume Chinese medicated diets.中国的父母历来重视孩子的教育。 Chinese parents pay a lot of attention to their childrens education. 他们认为，如果孩子做事时能得到大人适当的指导，就会更愿意完成复杂的工作，因 此， “手把手教”被视为教育孩子的最佳方式。 They hold that children are more willing to accomplish complicated tasks if adults can give them proper guidance. Therefore, “teaching by giving step-by-step directions” is taken as the best way to educate children. 近年来，受西方教育观念的
