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1、- 2009 年卫生新书 (蓝色标题为 09 年新增文章)第六部分第六部分 完形填空完形填空第一篇Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure is Found (C 级) The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about
2、eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs . Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic d
3、rugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international
4、 health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others. The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects
5、of a two- month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions woul
6、d take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve. The World Health Organization developed the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuber
7、culosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment. Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more
8、than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses. 第二篇：Exercise Cuts Cancer Deaths in Men(C 级)Men who exercise often are less likely to die from cancer than those who dont , new research published in the B
9、ritish Journal of Cancer revealed yesterday. A team of scientists from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden looked at the effect of physical activity and cancer risk in 40, 708 men aged between 45 and 79. The seven-year study found that men who walked or cycled for at least 30 minutes a day had an 34
10、per cent lower risk of dying from cancer than the men who did less exercise or nothing at all. During the period studied, 3,714 men developed cancer and 1,153 died from the disease. The researchers suggest that half an hours walking or cycling a day increased survival among these men by 33 per cent.
11、 The researchers surveyed men from two counties in central Sweden about their lifestyle and the amount of physical activity they were usually doing. They then scored these responses and compared the results with data on cancer diagnosis and death officially recorded in a central cancer registry over
12、 a seven-year period. Lead author, Professor Alicja Wolk, said: “These results clearly show for the first time the effect that very simple and basic daily exercise such as walking or cycling has in reducing cancer death risk in middle-aged and elderly men”. Dr Lesley Walker, director of cancer infor
13、mation at Cancer Research UK, said: “This study gives us a clear indication that men who exercise are less likely to die from cancer, and that they are more likely to survive the disease if they get it. Its not entirely clear from this study what role exercise plays in preys in preventing cancer in
14、men, but we do know that a healthy lifestyle can prevent up to half of all cancers and regular exercise forms a key part of this.”第三篇： One Good Reason to Let Smallpoxn 医天花 Live(C 级级) 理工第三篇 Its now affair bet that we will never see the total extinction 消失, 消灭 of the smallpox virusn.微病毒. The idea was
15、to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs the are supposed to have itone in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves? In reality, o
16、f course, it was naive 天真的 to imagine that everyone would let go of such a potent 有力的, 有效的 potential 潜在的 weapon.1 Undoubtedly 无庸置疑 地, 的确地 several nations still have a few vials. And the last “official” stocks of live virus bred 繁殖, 教养, 抚养 mistrust 不信任, 猜疑 of the US and Russia,2 for no obvious gain. Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, op
