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1、逆变电源在电梯电能回馈系统中的应用 中文摘要I逆变电源在电梯电能回馈系统中的应用中文摘要 常规电能利用率低下的现象广泛地存在于人们的日常生活中，必须将可利用的电能进行收集和回馈。逆变电源作为一种电能变换装置，在电力系统中发挥着重要的作用。它将直流逆变为交流，进而实现电能的再生反馈。电梯电能回馈系统就是采用逆变电源将变频器直流母线上的泵升电压进行逆变与能量反馈，从而达到节能环保、稳定工作环境的目的。然而逆变回馈需要在一定的条件下才能进行，逆变电源必须具有输出高质量电压波形的能力。逆变技术的日趋成熟和数字信号处理器的不断优化，使脉宽调制（PWM）技术在逆变电源中得到了广泛的应用。尤其空间矢量脉宽调
2、制（SVPWM）以其低谐波失真、高直流利用率、响应速度快和易于数字化实现等显著优点，广泛地应用于逆变、整流以及调速等控制领域。本文主要介绍了电梯电能回馈系统的总体设计方案，其中包括逆变控制与并网控制两个部分。主要以数字化的 SVPWM 脉宽调制方法以及空间矢量控制原理为基础，并结合德州仪器（TI）公司最新的高性能定点 DSP TMS320F28234 芯片强大的运算能力，设计了一种电能有源逆变控制系统。通过分析空间矢量脉宽调制（SVPWM）与载波调制（Carrier-Based PWM）之间的内在联系，将 SVPWM 控制算法推广至 PWM 逆变电源中，提出了一种统一的基于载波 PWM 的 S
3、VPWM 等效实现方法。该方法不需进行大量复杂运算，大大缩短运算时间，更易于数字化实现。根据TMS320F28234芯片的基本结构和性能，给出了逆变电源系统的硬件电路设计原理、软件控制算法及流程。该系统充分利用了TMS320F28234芯片丰富的外围部件，组成的电路结构简单，抗干扰能力强。实验结果表明，该逆变电源控制系统设计合理，在电梯能量回馈系统中采用SVPWM技术，既能提高能量回馈逆变电路对直流电压的利用率，又能减少逆变电能总谐波失真。关键词：关键词：能量反馈；逆变电源；空间矢量脉宽调制；载波PWM调制作 者：周哲 逆变电源在电梯电能回馈系统中的应用 中文摘要II指导教师：陈小平逆变电源在
4、电梯电能回馈系统中的应用 AbstractIIIApplication of Inverter Power Source in Elevator Power Feedback SystemAbstractThe phenomenon of low utilization of the conventional electric power wildly exists in peoples daily life. The energy that is available for collection and feedback must be made full use of. The inver
5、ter plays an important role as a power conversion device in the power supply system. It is an inverter that converts DC to AC to achieve the regeneration of the electric energy feedback. Inverter is adopted by the elevator power feedback system to drive the pump voltage on the DC bus to invert and m
6、ake energy feedback, so as to achieve energy saving and stable the working conditions. However, the feedback inverter needs to be carried out under certain conditions. And the inverter must have the ability to output voltage waveform of high quality. As the maturing of the inverter technology and th
7、e constant optimization of digital signal processors, the pulse width modulation (PWM) has been widely used in the inverter technology. Particularly, space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is becoming more popular in inverter technology, rectifier, the governor and other control systems for its
8、 low harmonic distortion, high current efficiency, fast response, easy-to-digital realization and other significant advantages.This paper describes the design of overall elevator energy feedback system, including the inverter control and grid control. Mainly based on the principles of digital SVPWM
9、and space vector control method, combined with the powerful computing capabilities of the latest high-performance fixed-point DSP chip TMS320F28234 of Texas Instruments (TI), a power inverter control system can be designed. By analyzing the intrinsic link between the space vector pulse width modulat
10、ion (SVPWM) and the carrier modulation (Carrier-Based PWM), the SVPWM controlling algorithm can be transplanted to the PWM Inverter, and a unified carrier-based PWM equivalent implementation of SVPWM is 逆变电源在电梯电能回馈系统中的应用 AbstractIVproposed. This method does not need a large number of complex mathema
11、tical operations, greatly reducing the computation time and making digital implementation easily. According to the basic structure and performance of the chip TMS320F28234, the hardware circuit design methodologies of inverter power system, the software, the control algorithms and processes are give
12、n. The system consisting of simple circuit structure takes full advantage of the rich peripheral components of the chip TMS320F28234, and has ability of anti-interference. Experimental results show that the inverter control system is designed reasonably. SVPWM technique which is adopted by the eleva
13、tor with energy feedback system can raise the energy utilization of the DC voltage for inverter circuit feedback, and reducing the total harmonic distortion of the inverter power.Keywords:Feedback；Inverter Power；SVPWM；Carrier-Based PWM；DSPWritten by：ZHOU ZheSupervised by：CHEN Xiaoping逆变电源在电梯电能回馈系统中的
14、应用 目录目 录第一章 绪 论11.1 本课题的研究背景11.2 交-直-交变频器概述.11.3 逆变电源的数字控制方式31.4 数字控制电路的优点41.5 数字信号处理器（DSP TMS320F28xxx）的结构及内部资源.51.6 DSP 在电力控制系统中的应用 .81.7 本课题的意义及研究主要内容8第二章 PWM 控制技术与有源逆变.102.1 方波逆变电路102.2 SPWM 逆变电路.102.2.1 等效面积方法.112.2.2 自然采样方法.122.2.3 规则采样方法.122.3 空间矢量脉宽调制（SVPWM）原理.132.3.1 Clarke 变换和 Park 变换142.3
15、.2 SVPWM 原理.162.4 SVPWM 方法与载波 PWM 方法的内在联系与统一性.232.4.1 两电平 SVPWM 方法与载波 PWM 方法的统一性232.4.2 三电平 SVPWM 方法与载波 PWM 方法的统一性282.5 无源逆变电路分析.352.6 整流与有源逆变电路分析.372.7 本章小结41第三章 电梯电能回馈系统硬件设计423.1 电梯电能回馈系统概述423.1.1 电能回馈系统工作原理.42逆变电源在电梯电能回馈系统中的应用 目录3.1.2 电梯电能回馈控制系统总体设计框图.433.2 电能回馈系统模拟装置433.3 逆变电源主要硬件电路设计443.3.1 逆变主电路与器件选择.443.3.2 驱动控制电路.463.3.3 IPM 模块简介.473.3.4 滤波器及参数设计.483.4 逆变并网控制硬件电路设计503.4.1 直流电压检测.503.4.2 电网频率相位检测.513.4.3 输出电流反馈.513.5 硬件模块连接及电源分布图523.6 本章小结53第四章 电梯
