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1、形容词与副词,明确这两种词的基本意义以及在语句中的功能和位置， 如形容词具有修饰和限定作用，一般用来修饰名词，在语句中可用作定语和表语；副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其它副词或者句子，一般位于动词之后、形容词之前或者句子之首。,形容词和副词的学习要求：,本课要掌握的内容：,一、形容词的构成 二、形容词的作用 三、形容词的比较级和最高级 四、形容词常用句型 五、副词,形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。 e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.,什么叫形容词?,形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分,一、形容词的构成:,forgetforge
2、tful helphelpful wonderwonderful useuseful carecareful beautybeautiful thankthankful colour -colourful,1、+ful,2、ed,exciteexcited worryworried surprisesurprised closeclosed interestinterested frightenfrightened,3、+ing,interestinteresting exciteexciting surprisesurprising followfollowing,sunsunny snow
3、snowy windwindy rain-rainy cloudcloudy healthhealthy,4、+y 所有表示天气状况的的形容词,wool-woolen wood-wooden,5、+ en,6、+ern (东西南北),east-eastern west-western south-southern north-northern,7.由“名词+ly”构成 friendly, daily, weekly, silly lively, lonely, lovely,eg: 1.He is a good student. 2. She is a beautiful girl. 3. I
4、 have a clever pet dog.,作定语,1.)单个形容词修饰名词或代词时顺序 直接放名词或代词前面,二、形容词的作用:,2)多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序有时，一个名词前出现有多个形容词作定语，这时，它们的顺序一般须根据它们与被修饰的中心词之间关系的密切程度而定。在通常情况下，它们的顺序为大致遵循以下原则：限定词（冠词等）-数量词-描绘形容词大小(长短高低)形状年龄(新旧)颜色国籍材料用途(类别)名词 Eg:I bought a nice(好看的) small(小小的) round(圆形的) new(新的) yellow(黄色的) French (法国产的) oak(橡木做的)
5、writing desk(写字台). 美小圆旧黄，中国木书房。,Eg: an old Chinese stone bridge 一座古老的中国石桥 some beautiful little red flowers 一些美丽的小红花,当形容词修饰由something/somebody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody, everything/everybody等不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后. e.g.,1.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ? 2. I have something
6、 important to tell you.,3.)修饰不定代词时常后置 “不形”,例题： 1. Sam is hungry, hed like to eat _delicious. A. some B. any C. something D. somewhere 2. Dont worry. There is _ about your illness. serious something B. anything serious C. nothing serious D. some thing There is _ in todays newspaper. Its boring. A. so
7、mething new B. interesting new C. nothing new D. new nothing -Who can help us? -_. well do it ourselves A. Everyone else B. Else everyone C. Nobody else D. Else nobody,C,C,C,C,The trees turn green in spring. We are alone on the island.,只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词,alone afraid awake asleep alive able,作表语,1. The
8、apple tastes _ and sells _ .A. well; well B. good; goodC. good; well D. well; good 2. Your answer sounds _ .A. correct B. correctlyC. correctness D. correcting 3. They watched a movie and felt quite _ .A. sad B. sadlyC. sadness D. sady,C,A,A,某些动词如make，paint，keep，find，like，want等后接名词或代词作宾语， 再接形容词作宾语补足
9、语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。 形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语,作宾语补足语,eg.1. Do you like your tea weak or strong? 你喜欢把茶泡浓一点还是淡一点？ 2.You must keep the classroom clean你应保持教室清洁。3.The boy was beaten black and blue男孩被打得青一块紫一块。 4.He made us happy. 5.Colour it green.,形容词和介词搭配,About be careful about 对小心be certain about 对有把握be anxious abou
10、t 对刚到忧虑be sure about 对有把握be worried about 对担忧be curious about 对好奇,Atbe angry atbe good atbe expert at 在有专长be experienced at 在方面有经验be surprised at 对感到惊讶,for,be famous for因而著名be ready for 准备好做get ready for为做好准备be sorry for 对感到抱歉be good for 对有好处be bad for 对有坏处be fit for 适合be unfit for 不适合be harmful for
11、 对有害,三、形容词的 比较级和最高级,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,biggest hottest fattest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer,narrowest cleverest,more difficult more popular more slowly,most difficult most popular most slow
12、ly,少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est,规则变化,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,巧记： 特殊形式比较级 共有三对二合一 坏病两多并两好 little意思不是小 一分为二有两个 一是老来二是远,四、形容词常用句型,形容词原级的常用句型,Tom is as tall as Mike.,1. as+形容词原形+as,There are as many students in our sch
13、ool as yours.,否定 not as+形容词原形+as “和 不一样”或 not so+形容词原形+as“不及不如,Tom is not as tall as Mike.,This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons.,2. so+ 形容词原级+that丛句such+名词that丛句,He is so big that he cant enter the room by the door ., too+原级+ to do sth.,He is too young to join the army.,形容词原级+ enough to do sth.,
14、3、比较级+thanTom is taller than John 能修饰比较级的副词及短：much(的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、a bit/alittle(一点儿)This city is much more beautiful than that oneToday is even hotter than yesterday.,4、 is the +比较级 + of the two.Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、数量 + 比较级 than He is three years older than his brot
15、her. 6、比较级+ and + 比较级， “越来越”Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热 7、The + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越，就越”The more , the better. 越多越好。The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖,1.one of the+最高级+名词复数,形容词最高级的常用句型,2.最高级+of (in)(三者及以上范围的),Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.,Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best.,
