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1、高考英语阅读、完形填空长难句教学探索,尤溪一中 周尚清 2013.4,长难句教学探索,一问题引入 内容摘要： 二问题分析 三问题对策,一问题引入：什么是“长难句”,一副网络对联：,上联：在乎你的我只在乎我在乎的是是否在乎在乎你的我，我在乎的你是否和在乎你的我在乎我在乎的你一样在乎在乎你。,下联：想念我的你只想念你想念的是是否想念想念我的你，你想念的我是否和想念我的你想念你想念的我一样想念想念你。,2013厦门质检语文试题把下面这段文字改写成三个短句：3月6日国家税务总局某官员基于个税起征点提高到3000元已让纳税人的人数减少三分之二的事实对全国政协会议代表们继续提高个税起征点的呼吁表示不可能。
2、 （1）_ （2）_ （3）_,英语“长难句”定义： 1. “长句”+ “难句” 2. “句长”“难句”,二问题分析：长难句“难”在哪,1. 心理因素（注意力，思维接受能力，心理承受能力等）,2. 英语多从句，句子长且结构复杂,Decision thinking is not unlike poker it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. (NMET2000. C 篇) 做决策像打扑克牌，起作用
3、的不但是你怎么想的，还包括别人对你的想法是怎么看的以及你对别人的看法是如何考虑的。,An idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到了一个主意。 A strange peace came over her when she was alone. 她独处时便感到一种特殊的安宁。 Not a sound reached our ears.我们什么也没听到,3. 英语多被动结构,4. 标点,1) I confess that when first I made acquaintance with Charles Strickland I never for a moment dis
4、cerned that there was in him anything out of the ordinary.,2) And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolbox - and often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.(2012湖北卷B篇),加标点： Woman without her man is nothing,Woman, without her man, is noth
5、ing.,Woman! Without her, man is nothing., I think China is a great country. China, I think, is a great country.,5. 干扰成分,Jone plays football as well as, if not better than, David.,6. 隔裂现象（动词与宾语，名词与定语，名词与of，等）,1. Employers will certainly require as their employees students with higher qualifications t
6、han were sought a few years ago.,2. The acceptance of this concept is the basis of the many suggestions to teachers to make clear to children, by discussion, by visits and excursions, and in other ways the social relevance of the schools activities.,三问题对策：如何攻“长”克“难”,（一）在思想上消除“畏难怕长”情绪。,如何看待长难句？,足够长就好
7、。不怕长，只怕短。,A: Stop! B: Why? A: Money. B: No. A: Kill! B: Ah-.,（二）在阅读中调动多种感官提高长难句理解能力。,从眼、口、耳、脑、手等多种感官入手，促进英语长难句教学。,. 眼,找谓语，把握核心。,例题：Tennis star Chris Evert, who retired from the game after eighteen years, perhaps _ more than anyone to make womens professional tennis a widely respected career. A. who
8、did B. has done C. and doing D. to do,找名词，了解大意。,They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or，in summer，they may think it is the heat. However，the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time about eight hours after you wake upyour body temperature goes down. This is what
9、 makes you slow down and feel sleepy. (NMET 2008 四川卷C篇),提主干，去除枝叶。,例句：The smallest and appropriate references to persons and places and events contained in the accounts of the Exodus, for instance, or the biographies of such Biblical heroes as Abraham and Moses and David, can lead, if properly consid
10、ered and prusued, to extremely important historical discoveries.,The references can lead to discoveries.,寻找句子主干的时候要注意，一般句子开头的第一个独立名词（前面没有介词或关联词）就是句子主语.,eg. 1. In the classroom, my teacher is writing 2. That she was coming here is a surprise to me.,如果看到两个名词重叠，基本可以断定第一个名词是主语，而第二个则是修饰它的定语从句的主语，如： The b
11、oy the girl The pen Mr Smith The city you,另外，提取句子主干往往要进行跳读：跳读插入语、介词词组、非谓语动词、分隔现象、定语从句、状语从句等。,例句：I know even of a case where the husband, because he did not want to exact his mark of selflessness from his wife who was sick and in bad health, refused, when urged by the wife, to take a concubine, but t
12、he wife, without his knowledge and consent, not only bought a concubine, but actually forced him to take the concubine into the house.,“Case”的主要内容： The husband refused to take a concubine, but the wife not only bought a concubine, but (also) forced him to take the concubine into the house.,寻关联，辨认逻辑。
13、,例句：They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or，in summer，they may think it is the heat. However，the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time about eight hours after you wake upyour body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.,还真相，降低
14、难度。,难句往往有省略、插入语、前置、倒装、强调、被动、双重否定等非常规结构。我们可以利用还原法，还复杂句型以本来面目 。,No longer will the public accept the old attitude of “Buy it，throw it away，and forget it”(NMET2001 C篇),还原成：The public will no longer accept the old attitude of “Buy it，throw it away，and forget it”,Decision thinking is not unlike poker ,简化
15、成： Decision thinking is like poker ,看标点，理清思路。,标点符号(特别是逗号)在句中的主要作用是:断句衔接和引导插入语。,逗号与并列的句子成分,He stood up，put on his coat(,) and went out. They reached home at last, cold, tired(,) and hungry. We swear that we all obey the rules, that we must work hard(,) and that we should love our motherland.,逗号与做状语的非
16、谓语动词,“We cant go out in this weather,”said Bob, looking out of the window.It being Sunday, there were no students having classes in the school.,逗号与定语从句,As is well known to all, China is a large country with a long history.试比较： His son who works in Xiamen came back last week.（不止一个儿子） His son, who works in Xiamen, came back last week.（只有一个儿子）,
