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1、 Chatting with Tom, I had a lot of fun in the pub.chatting 是主句的伴随状语。伴随状语的定义 伴随就是陪衬， 可有可无，若去掉后，也是完整的句子。 状语可修饰动词（初中）；状语也可修饰句子（高中） 用现在分词做状语修饰句子 。Exercises on Page 5Q： 句子的主语？谓语？伴随状语？从句中的现在分词与本句主语 的关系？(关键)Present participle as adverbial(1) 伴随状语还可表示时间，原因，结果，条件，让步和方式现在分词前可加:if, when ,while, although etc.表时
2、间Walking down the street, I ran to Sue.Climbing to the top the mountain, we saw a magnificent view. 十分强调同时发生，可用上when/whileWhile( when) flying over the English Channel, the pilot saw the Atlantic Ocean. 表原因，可放句首或句末Being sick, I stayed at home.Living in the country, we had few social engagements. 表示让步
3、Although knowing all this, they still made me pay for the damage.表示结果It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.表示方式或伴随He stood, leaning against the wall.Present participle as adverbial(2)以上全部都是同时发生或时间相隔很短 发生的动作,那 么如何表
4、示相隔时间较长的前后两种动作呢? 用现在分词的完成时态 表示 某种动作发生在真正的 谓语动作之前 表示时间前后/表原因Having noted down our names and address, the policeman dismissed us. 以上doing与having done 皆属于现在分词伴随状语的主 动语态,是因为 主句的主语也是伴随状语的主语那如何对付主语与动词间的被动关系呢? done (过去分词 ）Written in haste, the composition is full of mistake.Present participle as adverbial(3)
