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1、The Attributive ClauseThe Attributive Clause学习方法指导概念： 用一个句子放在一个名词或代词的 后面作定语。She is the girl whom I am looking for. 先行词关系代词This is the village where she grew up.先行词关系副词一、引导定语从句的关系词 指代人 who，whom，that指代事物 which，that所属关系whose，of which，of whom指地点 where指时间 when指原因 why指人指物主语语宾语宾语thatwhic h whowho m关系代词在从句中
2、可以：何时可以省略？关系代词（副词）在定从中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. 5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. 6. I like the person to whom yo
3、u just talked. 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. 8. We shall never the days when we lived together. 一、关系词选择的步骤第一步：先判断是什么从句一般定语从句的结构是 “先行词+关系代/副词+从句”。(牢固树立这一概念后，可减少很多 不该出现的错误。)第二步：是关系代词，还是关系副词 关键是 如何选择关系词。方法一 依据在从句中所做的成分 关系代词(that， which，who， whom等)主要用作主语和宾语； 关系副词(when， wher
4、e，why)主要 用作状语； 作定语时用whose。 方法二： 完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。 及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用 关系代词； 而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。 This is the village where I stayed last year. This is the mountain village which/that I visited last year. 第三步：看先行词如选择关系代词：是人还是物 如选择关系副词：地点时间原因（reason) 是用关系代词还是关系副词 1May 1 is the day _Ill never forget 2May 1 is the
5、 day_we spent together 3May 1 is the day _I joined the army Athat /which Bwhen 误：This is the house where we lived in last year 正：This is the house which that we lived in last year 译：这是我们去年住过的那个房 子。 定语从句中的关系副词when, where, whywhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当 于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。Ill never forget the day when I joined
6、 the league.on whichwhere在定语从句中作地点 状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代 词（which）This is the house where I lived two years ago.in whichwhy在定语从句中作原因状语， 相当于“介词for+ 关系代词which ）”。 Do you know the reason why she was late. for which“of + which/whom”可用来限定名 词、代词、分数词、数词等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ s
7、he could turn for help. A.that B. who C. from whom D. to whom二、考点：介词+关系代词1 . 根据从句中动词或形容词与 介词的习惯搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.关系代词前介词的确定 The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. He is the man _ whom I think you can d
8、epend .foron He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar. Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities dolphins are expert.within2.根据从句中动词与先行词的 逻辑关系，请体会： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which
9、you often write articles?3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯 ，请体会： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased. This is our classroom ,_which there is a teachers desk.atin the front of1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live. 2
10、. The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class. 3. Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me. 4. Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?without aboutonfor三.非限制性定与从句中，要表示 先行词的一部分时，可用“名词/数词/代词 + of + which/whom”的结构，如：e.g. There are 50 s
11、tudents in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing. The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women. The book contains 50 poems, most of _ was written in 1930s. There are two left, one of _ is almost finished ,and the other of _ is not quite. I have a sentence , the meaning of _ I d
12、ont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whom四. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系 代词”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.There are 20 students in this
13、class, _ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose 五.主语和谓语一致 1、关系代词在定语从句中主语 ，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致 。例如： The boy who is standing at the door is my son. 2、在one of the +复数名词+定语从句” 结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代 词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词 用复数形式。例如： This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject. 3、在“the only one of the +复数名词 +定语从句”结构中，one 是先行词， 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓 语动词用单数。例如： This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.
