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1、40/1509年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以 及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的 简短文章。考生应能：、理解主旨要义；、理解文中具体信息(细节题)；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出简单判断和理解；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图和态度。高考阅读技巧猜测词义0608年重庆卷阅读理解试题分类情况题题目设计设计 数量200620072008试试 题题 设设 计计 分 类类事实细节实细节 题题787主旨大意 题题445词义词义 猜测测 题题222推理判断 题题7661. The underlined word “ ” refers to (means) .2. Wh
2、ich of the following words can take the place of the word “ ”?3. What is the meaning of “ ” as the words are used in the text?4. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ ”? 常见词义猜测题型常用词义猜测技巧一、依据针对性解释二、依据内在逻辑关系三、根据构词法猜测词义常用词义猜测技巧一、依据针对性解释 1、利用定义线索2、利用解释说明线索3、利用举例线索一、依据针对性解释常用词义猜测技巧
3、1、利用定义线索特征：常有 be, be called, mean, refer to, be defined as等词语来提示。例1 ,nrpldiAnthropology is the scientific study of man. Anthropology means _.人类学例2 Desert can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation to support human life. Desertrefers to_.沙漠一、依据针对性解释常用词义猜测技巧2、
4、利用解释说明线索特征：常有 that is(to say), in other words, namely,or 等词语来 提示或者利用同位语或定语从句 。例1 In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields.To irrigate means_.注：or=mean 表示一词语对另一词语的解释关系 或为其同义词语例2His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on anima
5、ls. Zoologist refers to _.动物学家灌溉例3 simntiksSemantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently. Semantics means_. 例4The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. Herdsman refers to _.牧人 语义学一、依据针对性解释常用词义猜测技巧3、利用举例线索特征：常有 for exampl
6、e, for instance, such as, like等词语来提示 。例1,piridiklYou can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. Periodicals means_.期刊，杂志例2silebritiLike people in any country, Americans enjoy following the lives of celebrities: movie stars, sport
7、s heroes, famous artists, politicians, and the like. The word “celebrities”means_.名人常用词义猜测技巧二、依据内在逻辑关系 4、利用对比关系线索5、利用因果关系线索6、利用同类关系线索7、利用一般常识线索三 常用词义猜测技巧4、利用对比关系线索特征：常有but, however,while,unlike,in contrast,on the contrary,instead,despite 等表示对比或反义的词语来提示。二、依据内在逻辑关系例1Andrew is one of the most supercili
8、ous men I knowHis brother，in contrast，is quite humble（谦虚的） and modestsupercilious means _.傲慢的，目空一切的例2 Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. Grubby means _.肮脏的常用词义猜测技巧5、利用因果关系线索二、依据内在逻辑关系特征：常以 because, so that, so/suchthat 等词汇及结构来体现 。例1Tom is considered an autoc
9、ratic administrator （管理人员） because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of othersautocratic means _.独断专行的例2 The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow（浅的 ）. Turbid means _.浑浊的常用词义猜测技巧二、依据内在逻辑关系6、利用同类关系线索特征：常有and,or, like, similarly, also 等表示词语来提
10、示。例1 Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your healthThey also regard drinking as harmful detrimental means _.有害的，不利的例2 The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbour all called her an eccentric lady. eccentric means _.奇怪的常用词义猜测技巧二、依据内在逻辑关系特征
11、： 一般能够根据自己的生活经验及 生活常识来判断词义。7、利用一般常识线索例1My parents went out and got a new TV. That afternoon an antenna was put on the roof.antenna means _.天线例2 The students were jubilant when they learned that their school had placed first in the competition. jubilant mean_.兴高采烈的 常用词义猜测技巧三、根据构词法猜测词义 8、利用构词法中的词缀法9、利
12、用构词法中的合成法10、利用构词法中的转化法常用词义猜测技巧三、根据构词法猜测词义特征：1、利用前缀和后缀构成新的单词2、利用合成两个意义不同的词组合构成 新的单词3、利用转变单词的词性构成新的单词前缀： 1. in-, im-,il-,ir-,non-, un-, dis-,mis-常表示否定,如： incorrect, impossible, illegal,irregular, nonstop, unfair ，disappear， mislead后缀:1. adj.-ness,如： happiness, illness, selfishness2. V.-ment,如：equipmen
13、t, entertainment, movement3. V.-tion,如：education, communication,operation4.形容词词性的词缀：-able, -cal, -ish, -ful, -ous, -al, 如： comfortable, physical, childish, hopeful, delicious, dangerous, national例1When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him.impassable means_
14、.无法通过的例2Saint Valentines Day is a time of happiness for loversBoys like to give girls flowers as presentsOn that day，he came to see me with a forget-me-not in his hand forget-me-not means _.勿忘我例3 Today its his turn to empty the rubbish.empty means_.倒空小试身手：1 Archaeology is the study of the buried rem
15、ains of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and weapons. A. 地理学 B. 生态学 C. 心理学 D. 考古学 2Though Mr. Smith has been general manager for just three months, he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors.A. 上级 B. 前任 C. 同事 D. 下级 3 The football game was getting more and more exciting, however, the old lady was still as dozy as she usually was.A. 昏昏欲睡的 B. 亢奋的 C. 欣喜若狂的 D. 麻木的 4. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, beca
