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1、 第三讲 先秦诸子散文（二） 论语 英译情况概览论语 英译史1687 拉丁译本Confucius, Sinarum Philosophus1688 法译本La morale de Confucius philosophe de la Chine1691 英译本 The Life and Morals of Confucius, a Chinese Philosopher who flourished above Five hundred Years before the Coming of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, Being one of the
2、Choicest Pieces of Learning Remaining of that Nation.1809 The Works of Confucius, Containing the Original Text with a Translation， by Joshua Marshman 1860 The Chinese Classics, with a translation, critical and exegetical notes, prolegomena and copious indexes, by James Legge1898 The Discourses and S
3、ayings of Confucius : A New Special Translation Illustrated with Quotations from Goethe and Other Writers, by Ku Hungming 序出版年译译者译译本名出版社 11809Joshua MarshmanThe Works of ConfuciusSerampore: Mission Press 21828David Collie 柯大卫The Lun Yu (Dialogues), 见The Chinese Classical Work Commonly Called the Fou
4、r BooksMalacca: the Mission Press31861James Legge 理雅各/李雅各The Chinese ClassicsHongkong: The Author; London: Trbner London: Trbner Agent in U.S.A.: The F.H. Revell Co. 91938Arthur Waley The Analects of ConfuciusLondon: George Allen New York: Penguin Books 131991李天辰、孔 凡富 佟光武、任 国生The Analects of Confuci
5、us 论语 汉英对照读本 济南：山东大学 出版社141997Chichung Huang 黄继忠The Analects of Confucius New York: Oxford University Press 151997Simon Leys 利斯The Analects of ConfuciusNew York: W.W. Norton序出版年译译者及其 译译名译译本名出版社161998Roger T. Ames Tractate of Actions and Their Retributions1898 保罗卡鲁斯Paul CarusLao-tzes Tao-teh-king1934
6、 亚瑟威利Arthur WaleyThe way and its power ; a study of the Tao t ching and its place in Chinese thought出版年译译者译译本1936HU TSELING胡子霖 LAOTSU TAOTEH CHING1945Chu Ta-Kao初大告Tao te ching: a new translation1963刘殿爵Tao Te Ching中国经典:道德经1972 冯家福(Gia-fuFeng 后于1968 年出版全译(The Complete Works of Chuang Tzu )。1974年, 冯家福(
7、Gia-fa Feng)和Jane English合译庄子内篇(Chuang Tsu: Inner Chapters)1981年, 葛瑞汉 (A. C. Graham) 庄子 （Chuang-tzu: The Seven Inner Chapters and other writings from the book Chuang- tzu）1997年，汪榕培、任秀桦庄子 (Zhuang Zi)1999年，Thomas Cleary在他的 道家经 典(The Taoist Classics)中译出了 庄子 的部分篇目。字词层面的翻译关键术语的翻译王宏印：有必要选择 一种文外注释的方法 ，或采取一
8、种综合性注释的方法所谓“综合性注释”，就是根据一个词在中 国文化典籍中的基本涵义和所指意义，编 写一个综合性的知识性条目，说明它的来 源、所指、扩充的意义，以及可能的引申 义，以便定下一个基本的调子，提供一个 基本的语义场 ，作为整个文本和其他地方 理解和掌握这一词汇 的基础。（王宏印， 17）字素分析孔颖达诗关雎序疏“中心为忠，如心 为恕”理雅各在注释中说明“忠and 恕, which seem to be two things, are both formed from 心, the heart, 忠being compounded of 中, middle, center, and 心,
9、 and恕 of 如 as, and 心. The center heart = I, the ego; and the as heart = the I in sympathy with others. 忠is duty-doing, on a consideration, or from the impulse, of ones own self.”彭子游：“Zhong is written as 中(middle, center) and 心(heart, mind), meaning the mind is at the center, not biased; doing what o
10、ne is capable of, loyal, devoted, and honest. Shu, written as 如(like, such as)and 心(heart, mind), means like the mind or such as the mind, consideration for others, forgiveness. ”Ezra Pound 學而時習之，不亦說乎？Pound： He said: Study with the seasons winging past, is not this pleasant?君子坦蕩蕩，小人長戚戚Pound: He said
11、: the proper man: sun-rise over the land, level, grass, sun, shade, flowing out; the mean man adds distress to distress. 仁William Jennings: Composed of 人, jin, a man, and 二, rh, two, plurality. The connexion here is obvious. As man cannot live without his fellow-men, he must stand by them, and they
12、by him.We have no exact English equivalent for it. It is the virtue of humanitas, the right feeling of man to his kind. 仁William E. Soothill: Composed of 人 man and 二 two, indicating the right relationship of one man to his fellows; in other words, a man of 仁 considers others as well as himself. 仁Rog
13、er T. Ames Queen, a chief or principal man, and often a magistrate. chee means son. Quun-chee, therefore, which is the highest, as well as the most common terms used by Confucius to denote a good man, approaches nearly to the term gentleman in English, taken in its original meaning. As this term, ho
14、wever, is now used in a wide and vague sense, the honorable man is preferred as better adapted to express the idea conveyed here by the sage. But it should be understood that honorable thus used, refers to conduct rather than to birth.词义演变分析文D.C. Lau: (Wen) in the first place signifies a beautiful p
15、attern. Applied to man, it refers to the beautiful qualities he has acquired through education. It includes skills like archery and charioteering, writing and mathematics, but the most important fields are literature and music, and conduct befitting the gentleman.wen can be used for the culture of a
16、 society as a whole. Thus wen is a word with a wide range of meanings covered by a variety of words in English, such as ornaments, adornment, refinement, accomplishment, good breeding and culture.语境分析学，好学有朋自远方来 to employ the people as if you were assisting at a great sacrifice; Ku Hung-ming(1898: 96): Ano
