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1、第三部分 中考题型解读第四节 阅读理解阅读理解 Listen attentively阅读理解是每年广州市中考试题的“重中之重”。此题型的分值为40分,约占整套试题总分的36%。阅读理解主要考查考生通过阅读短文而获取一定信息的能力。近几年的中考试题考查的文体多为记叙文、说明文、应用文等,考查内容比较广泛。不仅如此,阅读理解的文章在体裁方面也越来越多样化,广告、图表等应用文是近年来中考试题的新体裁；在内容方面,也更加体现了时代性和可读性,题材包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等方面。题型突破阅读理解 Listen attentively掌握中考英语阅读理解题的应试技巧,正确地理解和分析问题,考生应从
2、以下几个方面入手：1.抓住文章的首句和末句文章段落的首句和末句,一般表达文章的主题和段落的中心思想,其他句子只起补充、说明、解释或引申的作用。因此,首先要搜索目标,找出文章及段落中的主题句。了解了它们的含义,就可以顺着提供的主要线索去捕捉文章的相关信息,从而获得解决问题的答案。解题技巧阅读理解 Listen attentively2.进进行合理推断对文章有了详细而全面的理解之后,就要按照文章内容和上下文的逻辑关系,作出推理判断。阅读理解涉及词汇、语法、句型、段落结构、文化背景等各方面知识。答题时,要领会句子之间的逻辑关系,特别是相邻句子之间的关系,这样有利于理解全文。表示逻辑关系的标志词是连接
3、词、副词、代词、介词短语、关系词、插入语等,通读时应特别注意。解题技巧阅读理解 Listen attentively如：if，because，though，as，which，it，and,but,however,therefore,so,for example，so that,so.that,on one hand.,on the other (hand).等词语。它们在上下文中具有条件、原因、让步、指代、递进、对比、列举、结果、目的、承上启下等作用,正确理解并掌握这些词汇的作用,对做阅读理解题是大有好处的。解题技巧阅读理解 Listen attentively 3.猜测测推敲生词词 阅读短文
4、时,常常会遇到一些生词。这时,考生要沉着、冷 静,细心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。通过对全篇 短文的理解,就有可能猜测出生词的大意。另外,还可以从 含有生词句子的上下文,以及句子和段落之间的关系来判 断、理解生词以求获得其真正含义。 猜测生词的另一种 方法是,根据构词法推测。遇到生词后,可从构词法角度分 析判断生词。例如： inexpensive一词,其中词根expensive 的含义是“贵的”。in前缀是“不”的意思,因此可以猜知,此词 词义为“不贵的,便宜的”。解题技巧阅读理解 Listen attentively4.利用常识识解题题多了解一些常识性知识有利于阅读理解。如果对文章的相
5、关背景有所了解,读起文章来一定既省时又省力。因此,在学习过程中,了解各方面的背景知识是十分重要的。考生应了解下列知识：(1)著名作家、艺术家及其主要作品；(2)了解西方社会风土人情、社交活动、新年、圣诞节活动、宗教信仰、风俗习惯等；解题技巧阅读理解 Listen attentively(3)多看新闻联播、世界各地和各类英语讲座等节目；(4)使用各种工具书,查阅各类名词、术语、重大事件等；(5)熟记常用的缩略词语。解题技巧阅读理解 Listen attentively5.正确理解题题干纵观历年中考试题,阅读理解试题一般有以下几种题型：一是直接回答who,whom,which,what,where
6、,when,why,how等疑问词引起的细节问题；二是猜测词义题；三是推理判断题；四是综合概括题。 在做阅读理解题时,一定要仔细看完、看清楚试题要求再作答,特别要注意NOT,TRUE,EXCEPT等词。解题技巧阅读理解 Listen attentively有时,要先看题后阅读文章,带着问题去读短文,可缩短阅读时间,效果也许会更好。总之,阅读理解试题是中考试题中非常重要的一项内容,占有举足轻重的地位。如果学生按上述答题方法去做,再做些适当的练习,一定会在阅读理解试题上取得比较理想的成绩。解题技巧阅读理解 Listen attentively(2016广州)阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分4
7、0分)阅读下列短文，从2645各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。（A）“Save the whales!” Thats what the picture on Jake Smiths bedroom wall said.Jake liked having a picture that said something important; that showed he cared.He just never expected to get a chance to save a real whale，one right in his own neighbourhoo
8、d.真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentivelyIt was a Saturday morning when thenewspaper first reported the whalescoming.A group of the animals were swimming close to thebeach in Jakes hometown.All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them.They were expecting a beautiful show，better than a movie，but noth
9、ing theyd have to do anything about.真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentivelyThen one whale swam in their direction，directly towards land.It came in with the waves，and when the waves receded, it stayed.Its huge body rested on the sand.Suddenly，Jake and his family and all the others were no longer sightseers.They
10、had to become rescuers.A few people ran towards the animal.They pushed and tried to force the whale back into the water，but it was no use.真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentivelyAn animal rescue service team soon arrived in a truck with heavy lifting machinery，to help move the animal.Jack and his family couldnt
11、do much on the beach，so they went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the rescuers.At least，Jake thought，they could help in some way.Back at the beach，they offered the food to the rescuers and were happy to see that it was真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentivelyneeded.It was getting dark.Some
12、 people lined up their cars along the beach and shined the headlights on the sand.The rescuers would not give up.After trying many times they were finally able to lift the whale into the water.Everyone cheered when it headed out to sea.It swam out about a mile and then disappeared for a moment under
13、 the sea.Then，in what looked like a jump of joy，真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentivelyit rose high above the watera thank-you to those who had worked so hard to save its life.( ) 26.What does the picture on Jakes wall tell us about him?A.He lived near the ocean. B.He cared about the environment.C.He worked as
14、an animal rescuer. D. He thought whales were the most beautiful animals. 真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentively( ) 27.Why did the local people go down to the beach that morning?A.To swim with the whales. B.To help rescue the whales.C.To see the whales swimming. D.To watch a movie about whales.真题分析阅读理解 Listen a
15、ttentively( ) 28.The underlined word “receded” in Paragraph 3 means _.A.didnt move B.went back out C.washed over D.got up真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentively( ) 29.How did Jake and his family help save the whale?A.By calling the rescue service. B.By asking their neighbours for help.C.By giving the rescuers f
16、ood and drink. D.By controlling the people on the beach.真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentively( ) 30.In what order did the events of the whale rescue take place?a.The whale disappeared under the sea. b.People turned on the lights of their cars.c.Rescuers lifted the whale into the water. d.Animal rescue service brought its truck.e.People pushed the whale towards the sea.A.e-d-b-c-a B.e-b-c-d-a C.d-b-e-a-c D.a-e-b-d-c真题分析阅读理解 Listen attentively【答案与解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要
