《高二英语单元1~3》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高二英语单元1~3（47页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 The Past Participle: 过去分词 Form: 规则动词的过去分词-v-ed 不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则Function: 1.作定语(Attribute) 2.作表语(Predicative) 3.作宾补（O.C） 4.作状语 (Adverbial)一般来说,过去分词含有“完成”或“被动”的双重意义.B.被动意义 An honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人A.完成意义 A retired teacher 一位退休的教师Meaning:1.单个过去分词作定语, 一般放在名词的前面.注意点: 过去分词修饰something,nothing,somebody等
2、 不定代词或指示代词those时,要放在这些词的后 面.fallen leaves a risen sun已升起的太阳boiled water a broken glass被打破的玻璃杯1. He is one of 1. He is one of thosethose invited. invited.2. 2. nothingnothing reported ( in the newspaper) reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.interested him.the the changingchanging world world t
3、he the changedchanged world worldboilingboiling water water boiledboiled water waterfadingfading flowers flowers faded faded flowersflowersa a developingdevelopingcountrycountrya a developeddeveloped country country（正在变化的）（正在变化的） （变化了的）（变化了的）（正在沸腾的）（正在沸腾的）（ 已经沸腾过的）已经沸腾过的）( (正在凋谢的正在凋谢的) () ( 已经凋谢的）已经
4、凋谢的）( (发展中的发展中的) () ( 发达的）发达的）in the given timein the given timewith the words given with the words givena wanted person a wanted personworkers wanted workers wanteda concerned look a concerned lookthe people concerned the people concerned在既定的时间内在既定的时间内用所给的单词用所给的单词被通缉的人被通缉的人招聘工人招聘工人关切的神情关切的神情有关人士有关人
5、士有些过去分词作前置定语或后置定语时意义不同.2.如果是过去分词短语作定语,要放在名词的后面,其功能相当于一个定语从句.We lived in the house built by my father.We lived in the house which was builtby my father.过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当 于一个定语从句。于一个定语从句。 The stolen bike belongs to Jack.The stolen bike belongs to Jack. The bike The bike which
6、had been stolenwhich had been stolen belongs to Jack.belongs to Jack. The lecture The lecture given by Professor Zhanggiven by Professor Zhang is about environment protection. is about environment protection. The lecture The lecture which was given by which was given by Professor ZhangProfessor Zhan
7、g is about the is about the environment protection.environment protection. 过去分词与现在分词的区别：1 语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动 注：不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义，而不表示被动an inspiring speech the inspired audience鼓舞人心的演说受到鼓舞的观众The falling leaves the fallen leaves落叶（正往下落的）落叶（已经落到地面的）2 时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“动作正在 进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性
8、”。 过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词表 示的动作” 或“ 没有一定的时间性”1.Do you know the boy _(lie) under the big tree? 2.The woman _ (sell) vegetables has gone. 3.The wheat is watered by water _ (bring) from a pond. 4. He is a leader_ (respect) by the people.lying selling brought respected 3 及物动词的过去分词(done)与现在分词的被动式 (being
9、 done)都可以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个 完成了的动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作.the problem discussed yesterday The problem being discussed 4. 过去分词（done）与现在分词的完成被动式 （having been done）都表示“完成”和“被动”，但前者 的时间性不变，而后者更加强调分词动作明显先于 谓语动作。1.He is a teacher _(respect) by all. 2. _ (tell)to stay in Beijing, the boy Decided not to returned to h
10、is village.respectedHaving been told1. The telegram that was sent by my sister brought the news of my dear grandmas death.2. Lets try the bookstore that was opened last month.3. Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.The telegram sent by my sister brought the
11、 news of my dear grandmas death.Lets try the bookstore opened last month.Nine out of ten women interviewed about theproduct said they like it.4. The three guns, which had been stolen from the police station, were found in the house.5. I dont like going to supermarkets thatlocated in the center of th
12、e town.The three guns, stolen from the police station, were found in the house.I dont like going to supermarkets located in the center of the town.过去分词作表语, 无“被动”的意思,只是 表示主语的状态或思想感情等,结构为:be feel/look /seem /get/ become+done常见作表语的过去分词有： amazed, disappointed, excited, interested, moved, pleased, satisf
13、ied, surprised等。For example She looked worried.I am interested in the book.He was lost in thought.The door remained locked.(1)He looked worried after reading the letter.when we heard of it, we were deeply moved.(2)The glass is broken.The glass is broken by Tom last night.(表示状态) (表示动作)注: 过去分词作表语不要与被动
14、语态混为一 谈.(1)用作表语的过去分词,主要表示一种状态,此时相当于一个形容词.(2)用作被动语态的过去分词,句子的主语是动作的承受者,后常跟by短语.有的已成为固定搭配 ：be covered with be lost in thoughtbe caught in the rain be separated frombe interested in被覆盖陷入沉思被雨淋从分离对感兴趣2)、过去分词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别；(1)V-ing一般表主动或主语的性质和特性，“令人” 主语多为物(2)PP主语的感受或状态，“感到” 主语多为人EG：How disappointed he felt
15、 at the result of the election (他感到失望）How disappointing he is.He should not have failed in such an election (他令人失望）interesting interestedexciting exciteddelighting delighteddisappointing disappointedencouraging encouragedpleasing pleasedsatisfying satisfiedpuzzling puzzledsurprising surprisedworrying worried使人感兴趣的 感兴趣的 令人激动的
