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1、Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3
2、.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一.宇宙速度 问题：1.抛出的石头会落地，为什么卫星、月球没有落下来 ？2.卫星、月球没有落下来必须具备的条件是什么？l牛顿的思考与假设：1.抛出物体的速度越大时，落地点越远，速度不断增大， 将会出现什么结果？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Cr
3、eated with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created w
4、ith Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.物体不落回地面，那么它将环绕地球表面做圆周运动，所受的地球引力 恰好提供物体做圆周运动的向心力一.宇宙速度 探究问题一：以多大的速度抛出这个物体，它才会绕地球 表面运动，不会落下来？(已知=6.6710-11Nm2/kg2 , 地球质量M=5.891024kg, 地球半径R=6400km) 代入数据G=6.6710-11Nm2/kg2，地球质量M=
5、5.981024kg，地球半径 R=6.4106m，得v=7.9km/s思考一下，还有没有别的计算方 法能够计算第一宇宙速度？这个速度就叫 第一宇宙速度Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pt
6、y Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一.宇宙速度 在地球表面，万有引力等于重力，所以第一宇宙速 度还可以这样来算 Evaluation only.Evaluatio
7、n only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0
8、.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一.宇宙速度第一宇宙速度（环绕速度）v1=7.9km/s它是人造卫星在地面附近绕地球做匀速圆周运动的度n说明：（）如果卫星的速度小于第一宇宙速度，卫星将落到地面 而不能绕地球运转；（）等于这个速度，卫星刚好能在地球表面附近作匀速圆 周运动；（3）如果大于7.9km/s，而小于11.2km/s，卫星将沿椭圆轨 道绕地球运行，地心就
9、成为椭圆轨道的一个焦点 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slide
10、s for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一.宇宙速度Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides
11、 for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty L
12、td.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一.宇宙速度 当物体的速度等于或大于11.2km/s时，卫星就会脱离 地球的引力，不再绕地球运行，这个速度叫做第二宇 宙速度，也叫脱离速度。这是卫星挣脱地球的引力束 缚，成为绕太阳运行的人造行星的最小发射速度如 果人造天体的速度大于11.2km/s而小于16.7km/s，则 它的运行轨道相对于太阳将是椭圆，太阳就成为该椭 圆轨道的一个焦点 当卫星的速度等于或者大于16.7km/s,则这个时候 卫星会脱离太阳的引力，不再绕太阳运行，而是 飞到太阳系意外的地方，这个速度叫做第三宇宙 速度，也叫逃逸速度。Evaluation
13、 only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client
14、Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.第一宇宙速度的计算 例1、金星的半径是地球的0.95倍，质量为地球的 0.82倍，那么（1）金星表面的自由落体加速度是多大？（2）金星的第一宇宙速度是多大？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5
15、 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client
16、 Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.探究问题二：人造卫星的轨道（1）如图所示，a、b、c三轨道中可以作为卫星轨 道的是哪几条？abc提示：卫星作圆周运动的向心力必须 指向地心卫星的轨道必须是以地心为圆心的圆周轨道Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET
