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1、路由器选择基本原理*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides
2、for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.路由器在数据报传输过程中的作用 路由器提供了将异构网互联的机制，实现 将一个数据包从一个网络发送到另一个网 络。路由就是指导IP 数据包发送的路径信 息。*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose
3、.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides
4、 for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.路由选择和路由器1.路由选择选择一条路径发送IP数据报的过程2.路由器进行路由选择的计算机3.IP互联网(1)IP互联网是由路由器将多个网络相互联接所组成的(2)IP互联网采用面向非连接的互联网解决方案路由器自治：各个路由器独立地对待每个IP数据报路由器负责为每个IP数据报选择它所认为的最佳路径*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created wi
5、th Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspo
6、se.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.什么设备需要具备路由选择功能？1.路由器 主要任务就是路由选择 2.多宿主主机 具有多个物理连接 发送IP数据报前，需要决定发送到哪个物理连接更好3.普通主机 具有单个物理连接 通过网络与多个路由器相连时，发送IP数据报前需要决定 发送给哪个路由器更优？ ？ *Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose
7、.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides
8、 for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.表驱动IP选路的基本思想在需要路由选择的设备中保存一张IP路由表IP路由表存储着有关可能的目的地址及怎样到达目的地址的信息在转发IP数据报时，查询IP路由表，决定把数据报发往何处*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Create
9、d with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20
10、04-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.路由表中的目的地址如何表示？1.大型互联网（如因特网）中有可能存在成千上万台主机 2.路由表中不可能包括所有目的主机的地址信息 内存资源占用巨大 路由表搜索时间很长 3.隐藏主机信息 IP地址：网络号（netid）和主机号（hostid） IP路由表中保存相关的目的网络信息*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created
11、with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004
12、-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.标准的路由表1.下一站选路的基本思想路由表仅指定从该路由器到目的地路径上的下一步，而该路由器并不知道到达目的地的完整路径2.标准的IP路由表包含许多（N,R）对序偶N：目的网络的IP地址（使用目的主机IP地址的较少）R：到N路径上的“下一个”路由器的IP地址*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspos
13、e.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspo
14、se Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.标准的路由表举例*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only
15、.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.路由表中的特殊路由1.默认路由如果路由表没有明确指明一条到达目的网络的路由信息，就将数据报转发到默认路由指定的路由器主要目的：缩短路由表的长度、减少路由计算时间2.特定主
16、机路由对单个主机（而不是网络）指定一条特别的路径主要目的：增强安全性、进行网络连通性调试和判断路由表的正确性*Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd
