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1、第四章 光现象Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.知识回顾光在同种均匀介质中沿 传播 光遇到水面、玻璃以及其他许多物体的 表面会发生 . 光从一种介质进入另一种介质时，会发 生
2、什么现象？直线反射Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.汤姆大叔漫画思考:为什么会发生这种状况？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created
3、with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.筷子放在装满水的碗中，在水面处出现了什么现象？ 筷子在水面处折断了思考：筷子怎么折断了？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NE
4、T 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 C
5、lient Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.从上面的动画中你们看到了什么现象？光在空气中沿直线传播光在水面处发生了反射现象光从空气斜射入水中时，传播方向发生了改变（ 偏折）光从空气斜射入水中时，传播方向发生了改变（ 偏折）的现象，这种现象叫做光的折射注意：注意：当光从一种透明物质当光从一种透明物质斜射斜射入另一种透明入另一种透明 物质里时，在这两种透明物质的分界面上，其物质里时，在这两种透明物质的分界面上，其 中一部分光线发生反射，另一部分光进入另一中一
6、部分光线发生反射，另一部分光进入另一 种物质里而发生折射。种物质里而发生折射。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.水空气NNOAB明确几个基本概念入射光线： AO法 线： NN
7、入 射 角： AON折射光线： OB折 射 角： BON Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.对比与猜想（光的折射规律）1）、反射光线、入射光线和法线在同一平面内；2）、反射光
8、线和入射光线分别位于法线两侧；3）、反射角等于入射角。光的反射规律：折射折射折射折射Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.如何验证我们的猜想是否正确呢？进行实验用刚才演示光的折射
9、现象的装置就可以 研究光的折射规律Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.实验器材：半圆形玻璃砖、激光笔等Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Crea
10、ted with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created wit
11、h Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.实验探究光的折射规律Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyrig
12、ht 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.交流与评价2、当光从玻璃（或水）斜射入空气时，折射光线 （偏向/偏离）法线方向。4、当光从一种介质射入另一种介质时,入射光线、折 射光线和法线在_平面内。折射光线和入射光 线分别位于法线两侧。441、当光从空气斜射向玻璃(或水)中时，折射光线 （偏向/偏离）法线方向3 、当光垂直射入玻璃（或水）中时，传播方向 偏向偏离不变同一折射的原因：这是因为光在不同介质中的传播速 度不同。也就是说，光在透明介质中传播时，若 因介质的变化而导致光速变化时，便会发生折射 。Evalua
13、tion only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.水空气NNOAB折射光路可逆吗？现象：如果让光逆 着折射光线的方向 射到界面，那么， 它被折射后就会逆 着原来的入射光的 方向射出。结论：在折射现象中，
14、 光路也是可逆的。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1、折射光线、入射光线、法线在同一 内；2、折射光线和入射光线分别位于 两侧；3、光从空气斜射入另一种介质时,折射角 入射
15、；角 ； 4、光从另一种介质斜射入空气时,折射角 入射角；5、光垂直入射时,传播方向_, 折射角 入射角；6、入射角增大，折射角跟着增大。7、在光的折射中光路是可逆的Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 As
16、pose Pty Ltd.根据光在不同介质中的传播速度不同。 （V空气 V其他介质）空气水玻 璃空气空气玻 璃Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.玻璃砖错思考：光路图对吗？12Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Clien
