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1、 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级Unit 3-4By Huang Heli形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语. 一、形容词和副词的概念形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前 。如: a new book, two big trees, a lucky boy等。二、形容词和副词的用法形容词放在系动词be 、look、 get、keep 、turn、feel、become、seem、 taste、 smell 、sound等之后。 如:1.I am short and
2、 heavy. 2.She looks fine.3.The trees turn green. 4. He feels happy.5.That sounds interesting. 6.I feel well. (adj.)如果形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。 如: something special nothing new somewhere interesting something else副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副 词之前 。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。 如: 1.She
3、works hard .（修饰动词）2.I am very busy.（修饰形容词）3.He runs too quickly .（修饰副词）4.We play happily. （修饰动词）5. I like math very much. （修饰动词）通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。slow _ real _usual _ careful_easy _ happy _heavy _ angry _lucky _ safe _terrible_ true _slowlyusually easilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrilyluckilysafel
4、yterriblytruly下列词既是形容词又是副词 如: hard, late, early, far, near, alone,straight, fast等He works hard.(副词，努力地）Its hard work. (形容词，难的) She is alone at home, but never feel lonely. She lives alone in Shanghai. (adv.) They stood there straight. (adv.) She has straight, black hair. (adj.) He is so early every
5、day. (adj.) He gets up early every day. (adv.)bigbiggerLook at the pictures and understand 看图并理解Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解bigbiggerbiggestfastLook at the pictures and understand 看图并理解fastfasterLook at the pictures and understand 看图并理解fastfasterfastestLook at the pictures and understan
6、d 看图并理解三、形容词和副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级 1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。small, good, pretty, big, manyhard, happily, slowly, quickly 程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容 词和副词的原级。如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting run quickly asas ,(与一样） not as（so)as （与不一样）中间用原级。 The story is as interesting as that one. This ques
7、tion is not as / so difficult as that one.2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示表示“ “较较 ”或或“ “更更一些一些” ”。标志词：than (比） 单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双 音节词通常在之前加more.如:smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder, thinner, happier, more loudy more interesting , more quickly3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。标志词：in+大范围, of all, of +the+具 体的数字表
8、示表示“ “最最”的意思。的意思。（两者以上用最 高级） 单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双 音节词通常在之前加most. 在形容词的最高 级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如 ： smallest, tallest, biggest, best, earliest, thinnest, most outgoing, most carefully 单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词 的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不 规则。变化如下：规则。变化如下：构 成 方 法原 级比 较 级最 高 级单 音 节 词 和 少 数 多 音
9、节 词一般在词词尾加-er/或-est/ist/coldcoldercoldestfastfasterfastest以字母e结结尾的形容词词，加-r 或-stnicenicernicestlargelargerlargest重读闭读闭 音节词节词 只有一个辅辅音 字母时时，应应先双写辅辅音字母 ；再加-es或-estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以“辅辅音字母+y”结结尾的双音 节词节词 ，先改“+y”结结尾的双音 节节词词，先改“y”为为“i”,再加- er或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest多音 节词 和部
10、分双 音节 词在词词前加more或mosttiredmore tiredmost tiredeasilymore easilymost easily不规则变化， 要多加注意哦 ！ good bad many little well badly much far betterbestworseworstmoremostlessleastbetterbestfartherfarthestworseworstmoremostimportant _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ good_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ man
11、y_ _ nice _ _ big _ _ heavy_ _ delicious_ _ much_ _给出下列词的比较级和最高级more importantmost important easiereasiest wetterwettest happierhappiest more carefulmost careful thinnerthinnest betterbest hotterhottest more easilymost easily moremost nicernicest biggerbiggest heavierheaviest more deliciousmost deli
12、cious moremostMore examples:1.Mary is cleverer than her little sister.2.The new building is higher than the old one.3.His shirt is more expensive than mine.4.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. 5.She is five years older than I am.6.He is 2 centimeters taller than her.7.This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one.比较级的用法： than 1.汤姆比杰克高.2.这只箱子要比那只箱子大.3.那些苹果
