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1、2012 考研英语阅读理解考前模拟题卷二 Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text1 Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes:
2、emoti onal reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “T he burnt child fears the fire” is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. B oth these examples also point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the one case the experience
3、 was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulativ e. The Nazis were influenced largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read. The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acqui
4、re attitudes from those adults whose wo rds are highly regarded by them. Another reason it is true is that pupils often devote their time to a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowle
5、dge of Mexico his teachers method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans. The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerabl e. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and
6、 safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom. these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions. However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the t eacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She
7、can achieve t he proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences. To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes a fter a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older
8、 children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips. Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence ca n be negative if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controve rsial issues and quest
9、ions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own deci sion as a result of objective analysis of all the facts. (377 words) Notes: point up (=emphasize)强调，突出。touch upon 触及。creed 信条，教义。incul cation 谆谆教诲。cajoling 哄骗。 21. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first
10、paragraph of t he text? A An assertion is made and two examples are given to illustrate it. B A controversy is stated and two opposite points of view are presented. C A widely accepted definition is presented and two men are described. D An idea is stated and two results of recent research are summa
11、rized. 22. The central idea conveyed in the above text is that A attitudes affect our actions. B teachers play a significant role in developing or reshaping pupils attitudes. C attitudes can be modified by some classroom experiences. D by their attitudes, teachers dont affect pupils attitudes delibe
12、rately. 23. In paragraph 6 the author implies that A the teacher should guide all discussions by revealing her own attitude. B in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lower grades. C people usually act on the basis of reasoning rathe
13、r than on emotion. D childrens attitudes often come from those of other children. 24. A statement not made or implied in the text is that A attitudes can be based on the learning of untrue statements. B worthwhile attitudes may be developed in practically every subject area. C attitudes cannot easil
14、y be changed by rewards and lectures. D the attitudes of elementary school-aged children are influenced primarily by the w ay they were treated as infants. 25. The text specially states that A direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones. B whatever attitudes a child learns in school have
15、 already been introduced at home. C teachers can sometimes have an unwholesome influence on children. D teachers should always conceal their own attitudes. Text2 An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential servic
16、es: for instance, electricity supply, water, r ail and road transport, and harbors. The area of dependency has widened to include remov ing rubbish, hospital and ambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central comp uter and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whol e economic system is in danger. It is this economic interdependenc
