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1、 申请浙江大学工学硕士学位论文 基于基于 NETOMAC 的电力系统建模与分析的电力系统建模与分析 硕士研究生： 邵 伟 导 师： 徐 政 教授 申请学位级别： 工学硕士 学科、专业： 电气工程、电力系统及其自动化 提交论文日期： 2002 年 2 月 20 日 答辩日期： 年 月 日 授予学位单位： 浙江大学 授予学位日期： 年 月 日 Modeling and Analysis of Power System by NETOMAC by Shao Wei Supervised by: Prof. Xu Zheng A Thesis Submitted to the Academic Com
2、mittee Applying for the Degree of M.E. Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R.China February, 2002浙江大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 基于基于 NETOMAC 的电力系统建模与分析的电力系统建模与分析 摘 要摘 要 解除管制是世界各国电力改革的必然趋势。我国电力市场化改革正处于起步阶段，急需适应于我国国情的一系列电力市场技术理论，特别是相应于电力市场运行核心预调度计划的技术理论。 励磁系统对于电力系统稳定性有很重要的影响。虽然其性能指标在各种标准中有明确要求，但仍没有一种适用于各种模型的励磁系统参数整定方法，以
3、使其性能指标满足要求。 传统的电力系统小扰动稳定性分析法是特征值法，但分析大规模电力系统时遇到的计算量过大问题限制了它的应用。而以传递函数矩阵为基础的频域法在这方面具有很大的优势。 本文基于 NETOMAC 仿真软件， 以发电市场预调度计划模型及算法、 励磁系统参数整定和电力系统小扰动稳定性分析为研究内容，主要做了以下工作： 建立了以整个预调度计划周期内的市场购电价格最小为目标的发电市场预调度计划模型，并根据预调度计划问题状态数多、变量多、混合整数、非解析的特点，将预调度计划模型的目标函数简化为各时段的市场清算电价最小，设计了三段式预调度算法：用静态规划法求解整个预调度计划周期内的优化问题；
4、用优先级法求解机组组合问题； 用改进的 Powell 法求解最优潮流问题。 提出了一种励磁系统参数整定方法：首先以大信号特性技术指标为目标，用Gause-Newton 法对励磁系统参数进行辨识，确定符合标准的励磁系统参数；接着按照时间乘绝对误差的积分（ITAE）准则，用 Gause-Newton 法对励磁系统参数进行优化，以提高励磁系统的小信号调节性能。然后针对我国励磁系统概况，以 IEEE AC1、AC2 和 ST1 型标准励磁系统为例，对其参数进行了辨识与优化，并对每种励磁系统模型给出了一套动态性能符合国家标准的参数，以供仿真计算或规划设计使用。 提出了一种基于测试信号的小扰动稳定性分析方
5、法测试信号法，用于分析电力系统低频振荡问题。其理论基础是机械导纳理论和模态辨识理论。理论分析和算例仿真结果均表明本文提出的测试信号法能够方便有效地应用于电力系统小扰动稳定性分析和电力系统稳定器（PSS）设计。 关键词：关键词：NETOMAC；电力市场；预调度计划；励磁系统；参数辨识与优化 小扰动稳定性分析；测试信号法；低频振荡；电力系统稳定器 - I - 浙江大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT Modeling and Analysis of Power System by NETOMAC ABSTRACT Deregulation is the inevitable trend of the
6、 electric power industry. In China, deregulation is only in a starting stage, therefore, it is necessary and urgent to research a series of technology and theories about electricity markets, especially tecknology and theories on pre-dispatch schedule, the kernel of electricity markets. Excitation sy
7、stems can impose significant effects on the stability of power systems. Although performance indexes of excitation systems are stated in all kinds of standards, there isnt a parameter setting method for excitation systems in order that their performance indexes can meet the requirements in the stand
8、ards. Although eigenvalue method is the traditional method for power system small signal stability analysis, its application is limited by the problem of large quantities of computation when analyzing bulk power systems. Frequency domain method, however, takes an advantage in the aspect. Based on NE
9、TOMAC, a software package for power system simulation, the model and algorithm of pre-dispatch schedule in generation markets, excitation system parameter setting, and power system small signal stability anaylsis are studied in this thesis. The main work is as follows: A model of pre-dispatch schedu
10、le is proposed, whose target is to minimize the market purchasing price (MPP) in the whole pre-dispatch period. Then according to the characteristics of pre-dispatch schedule, the model of pre-dispatch schedule is simplified to minimize the MPP in each pre-dispatch time, and a three-step algorithm o
11、f pre-dispatch schedule is designed: Dealing with the optimal problem in the whole period of pre-dispatch with static planning method, Solving the problem of combination of machines with PRI method, resolving problem of optimal power flow (OPF) with modified Powell method. A new method of parameter
12、setting for excitation systems is proposed. Firstly, the large signal performance simulation test of the excitation system is conducted and the objective response of the excitation system is described with its large signal performance indexes, and then the parameters of the excitation system are ide
13、ntified. Secondly, the small signal performance simulation test of the excitation system is done and the parameters of the excitation system are optimized by the ITAE rule in order to enhance the small signal regulation performance. IEEE AC1, AC2, and ST1 excitation systems are selected as examples,
14、 and their parameters - II - 浙江大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT are identified and optimized in order that the performance indexes of the excitation systems can meet the requirements of the standards. A method based on some test signal (Test Signal Method) is developed to find the dominant oscillating frequencies
15、and dampings associated with any generator in the system. The method can be realized easily by time domain simulation using electromechanical transient programs. The theoretical background of the test signal method is the theory of mechanical admittance and mode identification, which is based on the
16、 frequency scanning of the test signal and has already been used widely in mechanical engineering. The study cases show that the test signal method developed in this paper can be effectively applied in small signal stability analysis and PSS design. Keywords: NETOMAC, Electricity markets, Pre-dispatch schedule, Excitation systems Parameter identification and opt
