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1、罗斯福：国会珍珠港演说罗斯福：国会珍珠港演说美国第 32 任总统富兰克林D罗斯福(Franklin D. Roosevelt )(19331945)，一直被视为美国历史上最伟大的总统之一，是 20 世纪美国最孚众望和受爱戴的总统，也是美国历史上惟一连任 4 届总统的人，从 1933 年 3 月起，直到 1945 年 4 月去世时为止，任职长达 12 年。曾赢得美国民众长达 7 周的高支持率，创下历史记录。富兰克林德拉诺罗斯福出生于纽约。父亲詹姆斯罗斯福是一个百万富翁。母亲萨拉德拉诺比父亲小 26 岁。罗斯福曾就读于哈佛大学和哥伦比亚大学。1910 年任纽约州参议员。1913 年任海军部副部长。
2、1921 年因患脊髓灰质炎致残。1928 年任纽约州长。1932 年竞选总统获胜。执政后，以“新政”对付经济危机，颇有成效，故获得 1936 年、1940 年、1944 年大选连任。第二次世界大战初，美国采取不介入政策，但对希特勒采取强硬手段，以“租借法”支持同盟国。1941 年底，美国参战。罗斯福代表美国两次参加同盟国“三巨头”会议。罗斯福政府提出了轴心国必须无条件投降的原则并得到了实施。罗斯福提出了建立联合国的构想，也得到了实施。63 岁时由于脑溢血去世。很多网友相信都看过电影珍珠港(Pearl Harbor)，第二次世界大战在欧亚大陆打的如火如荼，而跨海相隔的美国却隔岸观火，仿佛事不关己
3、。直到 1941 年 12 月 7 日早晨 7 点 53 分，日本突袭美军在夏威夷的基地珍珠港。次日，美国总统罗斯福在国会愤然发表了这篇的演说，至此，太平洋战争全面爆发。Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.昨天，1941 年 12 月 7 日它将永远成为国耻日美利坚合众国
4、遭到了日本帝国海空军预谋的突然袭击。Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.And this morn
5、ing, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.昨天日本政府也发动了对马来地区的进攻。昨夜日本军队进攻了香港。昨夜日本军队进攻关岛。昨夜日本军队进攻菲律宾群岛。昨夜日本军队进攻威克岛。今晨日本军队进攻了中途岛。在线收听：演讲下载【罗斯福：国会珍珠港演说(Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation)MP3 下载链接】演讲全文：Pearl Harbor Address to the NationMr. Vice President, Mr. Speaker, Members of the Senate, and of the House
6、of Representatives:Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in con
7、versation with its government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American island of Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State
8、a formal reply to a recent American message. And while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was d
9、eliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American
10、 naval and military forces. I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night, Japanese f
11、orces attacked Hong Kong.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.And this morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughou
12、t the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.As commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures b
13、e taken for our defense. But always will our whole nation remember the character of the onslaught against us.No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.I believe that I interpret the will
14、 of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are
15、in grave danger.With confidence in our armed forces, with the unbounding determination of our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph - so help us God.I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December 7th, 1941, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.
