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1、名词性从句精讲名词性从句精讲主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 名词性从句是由 if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功能同名词一样。一主语从句 -主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓 语动词之前或由形式主语 it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。 1. It 作形式主语和 it 引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要 是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而 it 引导的强调句则是对 句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，
2、都可用连词 that。被强调部 分指人是也可用 who/whom。 如 It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window. 2. 用 it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is 名词从句 It is a fact that 事实是It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is co
3、mmon knowledge that 是常识 (2) it is 形容词从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是 (3) it is 不及物动词从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰 巧(4) it 过去分词从句 It is reported that 据报道It has been proved that 已证实 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It i
4、s said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens,It occurs 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)
5、(4) It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。如 It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter. (wrong) (5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?(right)Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与 that 在引
6、导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句 中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而 that 则不然。如：1) What you said yesterday is right.2) That she is still alive is a consolation. 二宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓 语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由 that 引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,如： I heard that he joined the army.-John said that he was leaving
7、for London on Wednesday. (2) 由 what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3)动词间接宾语宾语从句 She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2.作介词宾语如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容
8、词的宾语 例如：I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的 that 从句的看作原因状语从句。4. It 可以作为形式宾语 It 不仅可以作为形式主
9、语，还可以作为形式宾语， 而真正的宾语 that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如： We heard it that she would get married next month. 5. 后边不能直接跟 that 从句的动词 这类动词有 allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire,condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive 等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用 that 引导的 宾语从句。例如：I admire their winning th
10、e match. (right)三表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后， 一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句“。可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。引导表语从句的 that 常可省略。另外，常用的还有 the reason is that. 和 It is because 等结构。如：1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is why we cant get the support of the p
11、eople3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.四同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。1.同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容， 一般由 that 引导，例如：1)The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people
12、.2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.2.同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面， 而是被别的词隔开。例如：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别(1) 定语从句中的 that 既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾 语），而同位语从句中的 that 是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句 中任何成分。(2) 定语从句是形
13、容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述 定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例 如：1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个 that 引导的从句是定 语从句，that 在从句中作宾语）2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息 是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that 在句中不作任何成分）Unit 5-6 教师版名词性从句 一、选择正确答案:
14、D1.She expressed the she would travel in Dalian again.A.hope it B.whether C.hope D.hope that A2.The social problem it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A.whether B.if C.what D.which C3.May I ask you a question we are to get the book needed?A.what B.which C.where D.if C4. a pity that I didnt
15、 see you last week.A.Thats B.Whats C.Its D.TheresB5.Do you have any idea ?A.how I was worried B.how worried I wasC.how worried was I D.what I was worried B6.Do you know it was English teachers that in our school?A.need B.were needed C.will need D.are needed A7.The reason why he was absent was he had
16、 got another important meeting to attend.A.that B.because C.because of D.whether D8.The workers demanded that their wages .A.would rise B.must be raisedC.would be raised D.be raised A9. she will come is certain.A.That B.What C. D.Whether A10. he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A.What
