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1、Vocabulary of Engineering Graphics technical drawing 技术制图mechanical drawing 机械制图engineering graphics 工程图学representation of drawings 图样表达方法national standard 国家标准machine part 机件projection 投影view 视图primary view 基本视图 （standard view）auxiliary view 辅助视图the six standard views 六个标准视图alternate position prima
2、ry view 向视图partial view 局部视图inclined view or oblique view 斜视图front view 主视图top view 俯视图left-side view 左视图right-side view 右视图bottom view 仰视图rear view 后视图sectional view 剖视图cutting plane 剖切平面section line 剖面线section lining 画剖面符号section-lining symbols 剖面符号full section 全剖half section 半剖视broken-out section
3、 局部剖视revolved section 重合断面removed section 移出断面angular section 斜剖视offset section 阶梯剖aligned section 旋转剖compound section 复合剖视图arrowhead 箭头capital letter 大写字母label the cutting plane 标注剖切平面(conventional) break 断开画法partially enlarged view 局部放大图scale 比例rib 肋spoke 轮辐valve 阀First-angle projection 第一角投影Third
4、-angle projection 第三角投影standard piece 标准件(screw) thread 螺纹helical thread 螺旋线internal thread / female thread 内/阴螺纹external thread / male thread 外/阳螺纹thread form 螺纹牙形thread angle 牙形角crest 牙顶root 牙底major diameter 大径minor diameter 小径pitch diameter 中径nominal diameter 公称直径thread pitch 螺距thread lead 导程sing
5、le thread 单线螺纹multiple thread 多线螺纹left-hand thread 左旋螺纹right-hand thread 右旋螺纹standard thread 标准螺纹non-standard thread 非标准螺纹special thread 特殊螺纹metric thread 普通螺纹coarse thread 粗牙螺纹fine thread 细牙螺纹pipe thread 管螺纹non-screw sealed pipe thread 非螺纹密封的管螺纹screw sealed pipe thread 用螺纹密封的管螺纹straight pipe thread
6、 圆柱管螺纹tapered pipe thread 圆锥管螺纹acme thread or trapezoidal thread 梯形螺纹acme external thread 梯形外螺纹acme internal thread 梯形内螺纹square thread 方牙/形螺纹rectangular thread 矩形螺纹fastener 紧固件thread joint 螺纹联接bolt 螺栓stud 螺柱screw 螺钉set screw 紧定螺钉nut 螺母washer 垫圈lock washer 弹簧垫圈steel 钢cast iron 铸铁bronze 青铜aluminum all
7、oy 铝合金key joint 键联接flat key 平键woodruff key 半圆键keyway or keyslot （轮上）键槽keyseat or keyseating （轴上）键槽pin joint 销联接straight pin 圆柱销taper pin 圆锥销rolling bearing 滚动轴承bush bearing or friction bearing 滑动轴承gear 齿轮spur gear 直齿圆柱齿轮oblique tooth gear or skew gear 斜齿轮worm gear 蜗轮worm 蜗杆reference circle or standa
8、rd pitch circle 分度圆root circle 齿根圆tip circle 齿顶圆pitch 齿距tooth thickness 齿厚tooth addendum 齿顶高tooth dedendum 齿根高central distance 中心距spring 弹簧cylindrical helical compression spring 圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧fillet-interior corner 内圆角round-exterior corner 外圆角run-out 过渡圆角run-out line 过渡线（transition line）chamfer 倒角relief g
9、rooves for grinding wheels 砂轮越程槽tool recess 退刀槽flange (机械等的)凸缘 法兰slot（尤指机器上供插入某物所用的）狭长孔；狭缝，槽沟an open-end slot 开口狭槽（U 形槽等）convex plate 凸台concave pit 凹坑shaft 轴wheel 轮box 箱体bracket 支架(support stand)nominal size 公称尺寸datum 基准end face 端面hole 孔countersunk hole 锥形沉孔counterbored hole 柱形沉孔spotfaced hole 锪平孔ta
10、pped hole or thread hole 螺纹孔tapered hole 锥形孔clearance hole 光孔blind hole 盲孔pinhole 销孔centre hole 中心孔technical requirement/specification 技术要求surface roughness/finish 表面粗糙度/质量interchangeability 互换性tolerance 公差deviation 偏差upper deviation 上偏差lower deviation 下偏差basic size or basic dimension 基本尺寸limit size
11、/dimension 极限尺寸maximum limit of size 最大极限尺寸minimum limit of size 最小极限尺寸standard tolerance 标准公差fundamental/basic deviation 基本偏差tolerance zone 公差带fit 配合fit system 配合制度clearance fit 间隙配合transition(al) fit 过渡配合interference fit 过盈配合basic hole system 基孔制basic shaft system 基轴制hole-basis preferred fit 基孔制优先
12、配合shaft-basis preferred fit 基轴制优先配合tolerance of form and position 形位公差geometric tolerance 几何公差straightness 直线度flatness 平面度roundness or circularity 圆度cylindricity 圆柱度profile of a line 线轮廓度profile of a surface 面轮廓度parallelism 平行度perpendicularity 垂直度angularity 倾斜度concentricity 同轴（同心度）symmetry 对称度positi
13、on 位置度circular runout 圆跳动total runout 全跳动detail drawing 零件图working drawing 工作图title block/strip 标题栏parts list 明细栏parts identification list 零件序号assembly drawing 装配图valve 阀pump 泵base 底座cutting tool 切削工具AutoCAD commandpoint 点line 直线construction line 构造线polyline 多线（多义线）polygon 多边形rectangle 矩形arc 圆弧circl
14、e 圆revision cloud 云线spline 样条线ellipse 椭圆ellipse arc 椭圆弧make/insert block 制作/插入块hatch 剖面gradient hatch 渐变剖面region 域table 制表multiline text 多行文本erase 擦除/删除copy 复制mirror 镜像offset 偏移array 阵列polar/rectangular array 圆周/矩形阵列move 移动rotate 旋转scale 缩放stretch 伸缩trim 修剪extend 延伸lengthen 加长break 打断join 连接chamfer 倒角fillet 圆角explode 分解text style 文本样式font 字体dimension style 尺寸样式layer 涂层line width/weight 线宽solid line 实线continuous line 连续线hidden/dashed line 隐藏/虚线center line 中心线phantom line 双点画线thick/thin line 粗/细实线
