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1、Rational Consumption理性消理性消费费（ （Listened & Interpreted by K. Chen / 陈恳陈恳 听听译译） ）参考听参考听译译:注注: 1. 此英此英汉译汉译文文为为教教师师个人听个人听译译后整理的后整理的资资料料, 仅仅供参考供参考.2. 某些片断中文翻某些片断中文翻译译得欠自然得欠自然.顺畅顺畅， ，这这是由于同声是由于同声传译传译的特殊性所致的特殊性所致, 即即译员译员不大可能不大可能预预知原知原语讲话语讲话者将要者将要说说出的内容，因而迫使出的内容，因而迫使译员译员尽量保持尽量保持与原与原语语有相似的有相似的语语序序结结构。构。 LFF:
2、Hello, welcome to this edition of “Dialogue”, Im Liu Feifei. China is still a large nation of savings, however this is beginning to change, as the banks are offering more credit options to the consumers. While ? .more bad loans, and ? debtors had over ? and debt. Join me to discuss the issue of rati
3、onal lending and rational consumption, we are pleased to have Dr. Li, he is the prof. of economics at the school of economics and management of Qinghua University, I am also very pleased to have Mr. Li Yong, he is the depute secretary general of China association of International trade. Gentlemen, w
4、elcome to dialogue.大家好，大家好，欢欢迎来到迎来到这这一期的一期的 对话对话 节节目，我是刘菲菲。目，我是刘菲菲。 中国仍是中国仍是储储蓄大国，然而蓄大国，然而这这 在在变变化中，因化中，因为银为银行向消行向消费费者提供了更多的信用者提供了更多的信用选择选择。 。 ? 今天我今天我们们荣幸荣幸请请到了两位到了两位 嘉嘉宾宾来来讨论讨论理性理性贷贷款和消款和消费费的的问题问题， ， 一位是李博士，一位是李博士， 清清华华大学的大学的经济经济与管理学教授，与管理学教授， 一位是李永先生，一位是李永先生， 他是中国国他是中国国际贸际贸易易联联合会的副秘合会的副秘书长书长。 。 欢
5、欢迎来到迎来到 对话对话 节节目。目。 Today we are talking about very interesting topic, that is a reflection of our social phenomenon thats taking place these days, and that is the question of: why is that a few years ago, we Chinese people were making very little money, while saving big chunk of it. Yet today, as t
6、he income increased, doubled, quadrupled, growing even beyond that, in some cases, savings rate is even declining over all.今天我今天我们讨论们讨论一下一个有趣的一下一个有趣的话题话题，它反映了我，它反映了我们们社会社会发发生的一个生的一个现现象，即象，即为为什么什么 多年以前，多年以前， 我我们们中国人中国人挣钱挣钱不多，却能存一大笔，反不多，却能存一大笔，反观观今日，双倍收入，四倍收入或更今日，双倍收入，四倍收入或更 多，多，储储蓄却蓄却总总的来的来说说在下降？在下降？
7、 Prof. Li: Well, actually, it depends on how we define the savings rate. If it is defined as the rate of total consumption, including investment, investment in the real estate, divided by the total income, surely the savings rate has not been very high basically, right? Because a few years ago, we d
8、id not count the investment in the real estate as the saving, right? Nowadays days, we count that, this is actually tricky, sometimes counted as saving, sometimes counted as consumption, so that really depends on how we treat real estate investment.这这主要是看主要是看储储蓄率是如何定蓄率是如何定义义的。如果定的。如果定义为总义为总的消耗率，包括投的
9、消耗率，包括投资资，房地，房地产产投投资资， ， 除以除以总总收入，当然收入，当然储储蓄率不会很高，是吧？因蓄率不会很高，是吧？因为为若干年前，我若干年前，我们们不把房地不把房地产产投投资资当作当作储储 蓄。蓄。 今天，有些复今天，有些复杂杂，它有，它有时时被当作被当作储储蓄，有蓄，有时时当作消当作消费费，所以就看你怎，所以就看你怎样样将房地将房地产产投投 资视为资视为哪一哪一类类。 。 LFF:How is that then in other countries?那么其它国家是怎那么其它国家是怎样样分分类类的呢？的呢？Prof. Li: In the US, in the western
10、countries, I believe that people count real estate investment like mortgage as part of consumption.美国和西方国家，我相信他美国和西方国家，我相信他们们将房地将房地产产投投资资，如抵押，如抵押贷贷款，款，视为视为消消费费的一部分。的一部分。LFF:What are your thoughts on this issue? Why we save a lot as nation? 你是怎你是怎样样想的？想的？为为什么我什么我们们国家是国家是储储蓄大国？蓄大国？LY: There is a littl
11、e fact that the total amount of saving is not declined significantly, and people are still saving a few, we go through the recent report conducted by the statistical bureau, where it is saying there is a ? to save.有一些事有一些事实实表明表明储储蓄蓄总额总额并没有大幅度下降，人并没有大幅度下降，人们们仍在仍在储储蓄，从蓄，从统计统计局最近的局最近的报报道道 看，有一种看，有一种 ?
12、来来储储蓄。蓄。Prof. Li: Actually, if you look at the whole nation as a unit, the savings rate is as high as 38 or 39%, which is really one of the highest in the world. 实际实际上，如果你将整个国家作上，如果你将整个国家作为为一个一个单单位，位， 储储蓄率仍有蓄率仍有 3839%之高，之高，这说这说明明 它确它确实实是世界上（是世界上（储储蓄率）最高的之一。蓄率）最高的之一。 LFF: But not quite as high as use
13、d to be in prior years when we had presumably less for acquired goods, why is it?但但还还是没有以往高，当然多年前，可以猜想我是没有以往高，当然多年前，可以猜想我们们没有那么多的商品。没有那么多的商品。这这是是为为什么？什么？Prof. Li: Thats perhaps the case. There are several factors here I think: first one is the culture. People, consumers are gradually adapting to the
14、 culture of borrowing for temporary shortage funds for the current consumption. And second issue is interest rate. For the past few years, past 2 or 3 years, the real interest rate, which was defined as difference between loan interest rate at banks announced and inflation rate, has been negative. I
15、n this kind of environment, it is rational actually for consumers to save a lot of money. People s rather borrow money from the banks to finance their current consumption as well as investment. 那或那或许许是一种情况。有若干因素，我想，首先是文化因素。是一种情况。有若干因素，我想，首先是文化因素。 人人们们（今天）逐（今天）逐渐渐适适应应了了 向向银银行借款的文化，行借款的文化，这样这样可以解决燃眉之急
16、。可以解决燃眉之急。 第二是利率。第二是利率。 过过去几年，去几年， 过过去去 2， ，3 年，年， 实际实际的利率，它定的利率，它定义为银义为银行行贷贷款利率和通款利率和通货货膨膨胀胀率之差，率之差， 这这种利率一直是种利率一直是负值负值。 。 在在这这 种种环环境下，境下， 消消费费者当然会理性地存者当然会理性地存钱钱。人。人们们宁愿向宁愿向银银行借行借钱钱来来满满足他足他们们的消的消费费和投和投资资。 。LY: I think we have to look at some of the figures, I dont really have these figures, you ll have to look at the facts that some of the people who are not being as much saving as they should be are those
