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1、 Research on peasant labors Legal Aid Take Guangzhou Legal Aid practice as investigation center Candidate Tang San Yuan Supervisor Prof. Liao Yong An College Law School Program Procedure Law Specialization Civil Procedure Law Degree Master University Xiangtan University Date May, 8,2010 湘潭大学湘潭大学 学位论
2、文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。 作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 学位论文版权使用授权书学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权湘潭大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采
3、用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。 涉密论文按学校规定处理。 作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 导师签名： 日期： 年 月 日I 摘 要 近年来，随着社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善，工业化和城镇化进程的不断加快，数以亿计的农村富余劳动力向非农产业和城镇转移，形成了一个规模庞大的农民工群体， 农民工是中国社会变迁过程中的一种特殊社会现象。在我们看到城市面貌发生巨变的同时，大量侵犯农民工合法权益情况也随之出现，尤其在金融危机爆发后，沿海城市农民工问题更为严重，农民工群体具有文化素质低、人数众多、流动性强等特点，因其权益常常受到侵害而成为新的社会弱势群体。权利保障是农民工问题的核心，
4、农民工的社会权利保障是构建和谐社会的必要条件， 对农民工合法利益的保护显得日益重要。对弱势群体提供帮助的法律援助制度在各种保障措施中因为其经济性和高效性而使农民工作为权利保障的最佳选择。近几年来，由于党和国家对农民工问题十分重视，许多学者也将研究的视线转移到农民工群体上， 但是却很少深析农民工权益受到侵害时的法律援助救助问题。基于此，笔者对广州市 1000 余名农民工进行了调研，以农民工维权为分析视角，探讨了我国农民工法律援助制度。 为农民工提供法律援助确实维护了不少农民工的合法权益， 但是在为农民工提供法律援助的过程中还存在着一些问题：一方面，农民工法律援助机构必须面临一个外部客观情况，即农
5、民工合法权益受到侵害后维权存在的问题，包括劳动违法现象严重，劳动争议解决机制不畅通、仲裁、诉讼维权成本高等等；另一方面，法律援助机构自身的问题，如经费人员不足，宣传不到位等等，这些都阻碍了农民工法律援助工作的正常开展。因此，整治劳动违法现象、畅通劳动争议解决机制、 增强法律援助工作的宣传力度， 完善法律援助机构经费、 人员保障制度，是建立健全农民工法律援助机制的必要途径。 农民工法律援助制度面临问题的深层原因及其对策成为理论界亟待探究的重大课题， 研究和解决农民工的法律援助问题具有重大的现实意义。 关键词：关键词：农民工；合法权益；维权；法律援助 II Abstract In recent y
6、ears, with continuous improvement of the socialist market system and acceleration of the industrialization and urbanization process, hundreds of millions of rural labors transferred to non-agricultural industries and urban areas, forming a huge group of peasant labor. Peasant-worker is a special soc
7、ial phenomenon of Chinese social change at present. As we can see great changes have taken place in cities, meanwhile, a large number of infringements on the peasant labors legal rights also appear, especially after the financial crises, the peasant labors issue becomes more serious in coastal citie
8、s. Peasant labors maintain specific characteristics, which are low cultural qualities, large in number, strong liquidity and so on. Their legal rights and interests are always infringed, which make them become a disadvantaged group. Under the big background building in harmonious society of socialis
9、m, it is more and more important to protect peasant labors rights and interests. In various guarantee measure, it is the best choice for peasant labor to protect their rights and interests with legal assistance means. In recent years, though party, theoretician and practice have paid more and more a
10、ttention on Peasant-workers rights and interests, but there is rare people study using legal aid assistance issues to help Peasant-workers when their rights were infringed. For the all above reason, the author conducted an investigation to more than 1000 peasant labor in Guangzhou, from the states o
11、f protecting peasant labors rights and interests, the author probes into the peasant labors legal aid. It is indeed maintain a lot of legitimate rights and interests of peasant labor from providing legal aid for them,but there are still some problems in the process of providing legal aid: on the one
12、 hand, peasant labors legal aid have to face an external objective situation, that is, there are some problems when the peasant labor protect their legal rights and interests after infringed, including severe violation of labor, difficult starting of labor dispute settlement mechanism, the high cost
13、s of arbitration and litigation for protecting their rights and so on; on the other hand, the legal aid agencies have their own problems, such as a lack of funds and people, the not-well organized advertising, etc. these are hindered the work of peasant labors legal aid. Therefore, renovating the ph
14、enomenon of labor law regulation, flowing the labor dispute settlement mechanism, increasing publicity efforts of legal aid work, increasing the fund for legal aid agencies and personnel adequate protection, all of III these are the necessary way to establish and strengthen peasant labors legal aid.
15、 The underlying causes and countermeasures of Peasant labors legal aid problems have become the urgently issues in theoretical exploration, it is very important to do a research and solve Peasant-workers problem Key Words：Peasant Labor; Legal rights and interests; Protect Right and Interests; Legal Aid IV 目目 录录 引 言 . 1 第 1 章 农民工法律援助之内涵界定 .
